Food, Energy, and Water

The Chemistry Connection

1st Edition - January 25, 2015

Editor: Satinder Ahuja

Hardback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 0 2 1 1 - 7

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 0 3 7 4 - 9

How will chemists of the future balance competing concerns of environmental stewardship and innovative, cost-effective product development? For chemists to accept the idea that… Read more

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How will chemists of the future balance competing concerns of environmental stewardship and innovative, cost-effective product development? For chemists to accept the idea that environmental quality and economic prosperity can be intertwined, the concept of the food-energy-water nexus must first be integrated into underlying thought processes. Food, Energy and Water: The Chemistry Connection provides today’s scientists with the background information necessary to fully understand the inextricable link between food, energy and water and how this conceptual framework should form the basis for all contemporary research and development in chemistry in particular, and the sciences in general.

List of Contributors
Preface
1. Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water
- Overview: Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water
- Foundations of Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in the United States
- Mass Transport and Chemistry at the Air–Water Interface of Atmospheric Dispersoids
- Complete β-Lactam Antibiotic Activity Removal from Wastewaters
- Treatment of Mine-Impacted Water with Biochemical Reactors
- Water–Energy–Food: Our Existence Will Require Natural Gas
- The Role of Water in Unconventional In Situ Energy Resource Extraction
- Water Management in Unconventional Oil and Gas Development
- Water Management in the Oil Sands
- Coal Use as a Cause of Water Quality Impairment
- Biodiesel from Plant Oils
- Solar PV Technology
- Contaminated Irrigation Water and the Associated Human Health Risks
- Analysis of Dietary Supplements with a Hand-held X-ray Fluorescence Analyzer
- Water Scarcity: Are We at the Brink?
- Water Scarcity: Global Challenges for Agriculture
- The Need for Water Reuse
- Conclusions
2. Foundations of Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in the United States
- Introduction
- Prelude to Organized Water Quality Monitoring in the United States
- Water Quality Technology and Scientific Advances, 1890–1929
- Interpretation of Water Quality Data and Information, 1890–1929
- Water Quality Investigations, 1890–1929
- Water Quality Technology and Scientific Advances, 1930–1975
- Interpretation of Water Quality Data and Information, 1930–1975
- Water Quality Investigations, 1930–1975
- Conclusions
3. Mass Transport and Chemistry at the Air–Water Interface of Atmospheric Dispersoids
- Introduction
- A Mass Transport, Kinetic Model Framework for Aqueous Processing
- Equilibrium Partition Constants (K_WA and K_IA)
- Laboratory Reaction Rate Constants (Bulk and Surface Reactions)
- Field Data in Support of Air–Water Interface Reactions
- Conclusions
4. Complete β-Lactam Antiobiotic Activity Removal from Wastewaters: Hydroxyl Radical-Mediated Oxidation Efficiencies
- Introduction
- Experimental
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusions
5. Mine-Impacted Water and Biochemical Reactors
- Introduction
- Applicability of BCRs for Mine-Impacted Water
- Mechanisms in BCRs
- The Evolution of BCR Design
- Treatment Goals
- Media Composition
- Sulfate Reduction Rate
- Hydraulics
- Design Process
- Settling and Aeration
- Start-up
- Operation
- Conclusions
6. Water—Energy—Food: Our Existence Will Require Natural Gas
- The Problem and the Opportunity
- The Existing and Forecast Continuance of Energy and Water Interdependence
- Natural Gas Reserves and Water Dependence
- The Future of Energy, Water and Food—A Positive Outlook with Natural Gas
- Creating the Next Generation of Efficiency and Connectivity with Energy, Water, and Food Through the Development of Data Utilities
- Conclusions
7. The Role of Water in Unconventional In Situ Energy Resource Extraction Technologies
- Introduction
- Water Issues and In Situ Oil Shale Retorting
- The Role of Water in Hydraulic Fracturing and Oil and Gas Resource Development
- Water for Uranium ISR Mining in the United States
- Beneficial Agricultural Reuse of Produced Waters
- Opportunities and Regulatory Challenges
- Conclusions
- Disclaimer
8. Water Management in Unconventional Oil and Gas Development—The Issues and Their Optimization
- Introduction
- Hydraulic Fracturing—A Key Enabler of Unconventional Gas Production
- Fracture Fluid Systems
- Nonaqueous Fluid Systems
- Understanding Flowback Water
- Contemporary Flowback Management
- Target Contaminants to Be Removed Before Recycling and Their Handling
- Decision-Making Process for Managing Flowback Water
- System Dynamics Approach to Flowback Management
- Analysis and Discussion
- Conclusions
9. Water Management in the Oil Sands
- Introduction
- Alberta Oil Sands
- Thermal In Situ Oil Production Methods
- Government Regulations for Water Conservation
- Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Efficiency
- Conclusions
10. Coal Use as a Cause of Water Quality Impairment
- Introduction
- Coal Production Impacts on Water
- Coal Combustion Impacts on Water
- Coal Waste Impacts on Water
- Alternative Uses of Coal Ash
- Conclusions
11. Biodiesel from Plant Oils
- Introduction
- Plants Catalog
- Production of Biofuels
- Properties of Biofuels
- Applications of Biofuels
- Conclusions
12. Introduction to Solar Photovoltaic Technology
- Introduction
- Solar Cell Technologies
- Various Losses in Solar Cells
- Comparative Analysis of Various PV Technologies
- Solar PV Systems for Water Pumping
- Conclusions
13. Contaminated Irrigation Water and the Associated Public Health Risks
- Introduction
- The Current and Future Water Situation—It Is All in the Water
- Agricultural Water Contamination—Contaminants, Sources, and Health Effects
- Human Health Risk
- Wastewater Use in Agriculture
- Recommendations—Risk Analysis
- Conclusions
14. Analysis of Dietary Supplements with a Hand-held XRF Analyzer
- Introduction
- Experimental Methods
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusions
15. Beyond the Brink
- Water Strategy Principles for 2050
- Holistic Environmental Planning Process and Solutions for 2050
- Conclusions
16. Water Scarcity: Global Challenges for Agriculture
- Introduction
- Where Are the Crisis Spots Throughout the World?
- Irrigated Agriculture: Water Sources and Conservation Methods
- Water Resource Management: The Case of the San Francisco Bay Area Delta, California, USA
- Boosting Our Freshwater Resources
- Diverting Water Resources for Energy Production
- Promoting Transboundary Cooperation
- Conclusions
17. The Need for Water Reuse
- Introduction
- Water and Food
- Water and Energy
- Global Climate Change
- Energy
- Water and Energy Interactions
- Solutions Must Be Sustainable
- What Are We Doing About the Problem?
- Avoiding Disastrous Side Effects: The Impact of Arsenic-Contaminated Groundwater on Food
- Conclusions
Index