Fibroblast Growth Factors

Fibroblast Growth Factors, Second Edition systematically introduces readers to FGF in the fields of injury repair and regeneration, endocrinology and metabolism, structure and modification, pharmaceutics, pharmacology, FGF/FGFR inhibitor, engineering and new drug development. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are secreted protein ligands that act in a paracrine or endocrine fashion to carry out their pleiotropic functions in development, tissue homeostasis and metabolism. This book covers the work from Li’s team from 2013 to 2018 and will be a primer for scientists, particularly young students entering the FGFs field with an eye on basic research and application.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Preface
Preface
Preface for first edition
Preface for first edition
The FGF metabolic axis
1 Introduction
2 The mitogenic FGF axis
3 The metabolic FGF axis
4 FGF19 metabolic axis
5 FGF21 metabolic axis
6 FGF23 metabolic axis
7 Conclusion and future perspective
References
Chapter 1 Growth factors reviews
Fibroblast growth factors, old kids on the new block
Pharmacological application of growth factors: Basic and clinical
Cytokines and diabetes research
Small molecule inhibition of fibroblast growth factor receptors in cancer
Research advances in tissue engineering materials for sustained release of growth factors
Minireview: Roles of fibroblast growth factors 19 and 21 in metabolic regulation and chronic diseases
Physiological and pharmacological roles of FGF21 in cardiovascular diseases
Fibroblast growth factor 21 deficiency exacerbates chronic alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and injury
Delivery of growth factor-based therapeutics in vascular diseases: Challenges and strategies
Fibroblast growth factor 10 in pancreas development and pancreatic cancer
Chapter 2 Injury repair and regeneration
TAT-mediated acidic fibroblast growth factor delivery to the dermis improves wound healing of deep skin tissue in rats
Regulation of autophagy and ubiquitinated protein accumulation by bFGF promotes functional recovery and neural protection in a rat model of spinal cord injury
The antiscar effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on wound repair in vitro and in vivo
Exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor inhibits ER stress-induced apoptosis and improves recovery from spinal cord injury
FGF10 protects against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating autophagy and inflammatory signaling
Reduction of cellular stress is essential for fibroblast growth factor 1 treatment for diabetic nephropathy
Chapter 3 Endocrinology and metabolism
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) therapy attenuates left ventricular dysfunction and metabolic disturbance by improving FGF21 sensitivity, cardiac mitochondrial redox homoeostasis, and structural changes in prediabetic rats
NMR-based metabolomics reveal a recovery from metabolic changes in the striatum of 6-OHDA-induced rats treated with basic fibroblast growth factor
FGF21 mediates alcohol-induced adipose tissue lipolysis by activating systemic release of catecholamine in mice
Fibroblast growth factor 21 deletion aggravates diabetes-induced pathogenic changes in the aorta in type 1 diabetic mice
Additive protection by LDR and FGF21 treatment against diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes model
FGF21 deletion exacerbates diabetic cardiomyopathy by aggravating cardiac lipid accumulation
Fibroblast growth factor 21 prevents atherosclerosis by suppression of hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and induction of adiponectin in mice
Attenuation of hyperlipidemia and diabetes-induced early-stage apoptosis and late-stage renal dysfunction via administration of fibroblast growth factor-21 is associated with suppression of renal inflammation
The prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy by nonmitogenic acidic fibroblast growth factor is probably mediated by the suppression of oxidative stress and damage
Pancreatic fibroblast growth factor 21 protects against type 2 diabetes in mice by promoting insulin expression and secretion in a PI3K/Akt signaling-dependent manner
Chapter 4 Structure and modification
α-Klotho is a nonenzymatic molecular scaffold for FGF23 hormone signaling
Comparative study of heparin-poloxamer hydrogel modified bFGF and aFGF for in vivo wound healing efficiency
Fibroblast growth factor-21 restores insulin sensitivity but induces aberrant bone microstructure in obese insulin-resistant rats
Two FGF receptor kinase molecules act in concert to recruit and transphosphorylate phospholipase Cγ
A solid-phase PEGylation strategy for protein therapeutics using a potent FGF21 analog
One-step production of bioactive proteins through simultaneous PEGylation and refolding
Structural mimicry of A-loop tyrosine phosphorylation by a pathogenic FGF receptor 3 mutation
Dual delivery of bFGF- and NGF-binding coacervate confers neuroprotection by promoting neuronal proliferation
Design and evaluation of lyophilized fibroblast growth factor 21 and its protection against ischemia cerebral injury
Chapter 5 Signaling pathway and pharmacology
Fibroblast growth factor-1 released from a heparin coacervate improves cardiac function in a mouse myocardial infarction model
Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes melanocyte migration via activating PI3K/Akt-Rac1-FAK-JNK and ERK signaling pathways
Regulation of caveolin-1 and junction proteins by bFGF contributes to the integrity of blood-spinal cord barrier and functional recovery
The role of bFGF in the excessive activation of astrocytes is related to the inhibition of TLR4/NFκB signals
bFGF promotes the migration of human dermal fibroblasts under diabetic conditions through reactive oxygen species production via the PI3K/Akt-Rac1-JNK pathways
Fibroblast growth factor 21 protects the heart from apoptosis in a diabetic mouse model via extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-dependent signaling pathway
Pharmacokinetics of topically applied recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor-2 in alkali-burned and intact rabbit eye
Fibroblast growth factors stimulate hair growth through β-catenin and shh expression in C57BL/6 mice
High-efficiency expression of TAT-bFGF fusion protein in Escherichia coli and the effect on hypertrophic scar tissue
bFGF protects against blood-brain barrier damage through junction protein regulation via PI3K-Akt-Rac1 pathway following traumatic brain injury
bFGF attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial injury on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion via activation of PI3K/Akt/ERK1/2 pathway
Selection of a novel FGF23-binding peptide antagonizing the inhibitory effect of FGF23 on phosphate uptake
Effects of fibroblast growth factor 21 on cell damage in vitro and atherosclerosis in vivo
ATF4- and CHOP-dependent induction of FGF21 through endoplasmic reticulum stress
Protective effect of FGF21 on type 1 diabetes-induced testicular apoptotic cell death probably via both mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent pathways in the mouse model
Fibroblast growth factor 2 protects against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating mitochondrial damage and proinflammatory signaling
Hedgehog signaling contributes to basic fibroblast growth factor-regulated fibroblast migration
Fibroblast growth factor 18 promotes proliferation and migration of H460 cells via the ERK and p38 signaling pathways
Chapter 6 Pharmaceutics and new material
Prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats by combined therapy of aFGF-loaded nanoparticles and ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technique
Functional and pathological improvements of the hearts in diabetes model by the combined therapy of bFGF-loaded nanoparticles with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction
Gelatin nanostructured lipid carriers-mediated intranasal delivery of basic fibroblast growth factor enhances functional recovery in hemiparkinsonian rats
Heparin-based coacervate of FGF2 improves dermal regeneration by asserting a synergistic role with cell proliferation and endogenous facilitated VEGF for cutaneous wound healing
A thermosensitive heparin-poloxamer hydrogel bridges aFGF to treat spinal cord injury
Dual delivery of NGF and bFGF coacervate ameliorates diabetic peripheral neuropathy via inhibiting Schwann cells apoptosis
Chapter 7 Bioreactor and engineering
Increased production of human fibroblast growth factor 17 in Escherichia coli and proliferative activity in NIH3T3 cells
Application of oleosin-flanked keratinocyte growth factor-2 expressed from Arabidopsis thaliana promotes hair follicle growth in mice
Expression of functional recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 8b and its protective effects on MPP+-lesioned PC12 cells
High production in E. coli of biologically active recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 20 and its neuroprotective effects
Expression of bioactive recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 10 in Carthamus tinctorius L. seeds
Expression of bioactive recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 9 in oil bodies of Arabidopsis thaliana
Expression of biologically recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds via oleosin fusion technology
Highly efficient expression of functional recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor 1 and its protective effects on hepatocytes
High-efficiency production of bioactive recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18 in Escherichia coli and its effects on hair follicle growth
Oil body-bound oleosin-rhFGF9 fusion protein expressed in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) stimulates hair growth and wound healing in mice
Two-hundred-liter scale fermentation, purification of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-21, and its antidiabetic effects on ob/ob mice
Chapter 8 FGFR and inhibitors
Influenza virus infects epithelial stem/progenitor cells of the distal lung: Impact on Fgfr2b-driven epithelial repair
Peptidomimetic suppresses proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells by fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling cascade blockage
Attenuating endogenous Fgfr2b ligands during bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis does not compromise murine lung repair
The therapeutic potential of a novel non-ATP-competitive fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 inhibitor on gastric cancer
Discovery and anticancer evaluation of two novel non-ATP-competitive FGFR1 inhibitors in nonsmall cell lung cancer
DFG-out mode of inhibition by an irreversible type-1 inhibitor capable of overcoming gate-keeper mutations in FGF receptors
A novel FGF2 antagonist peptide P8 with potent antiproliferation activity
Discovery and identification of new non-ATP competitive FGFR1 inhibitors with therapeutic potential in nonsmall cell lung cancer
FGFR4 and TGF-β1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis
Transient inhibition of FGFR2b-ligands signaling leads to irreversible loss of cellular β-catenin organization and signaling in AER during mouse limb development
Type 1 fibroblast growth factor receptor in cranial neural crest cell-derived mesenchyme is required for palatogenesis
Chapter 9 Others
Nonmitogenic form of acidic fibroblast growth factor protects against graft-versus-host disease without accelerating leukemia
Topical application of a new monoclonal antibody against fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF 10) mitigates propranolol-induced psoriasis-like lesions in guinea pigs
A short peptide derived from the gN helix domain of FGF8b suppresses the growth of human prostate cancer cells
Screening a phage display library for a novel FGF8b-binding peptide with antitumor effect on prostate cancer
FGF21 improves cognition by restored synaptic plasticity, dendritic spine density, brain mitochondrial function, and cell apoptosis in obese, insulin-resistant male rats
Cerebrospinal fluid FGF23 levels correlate with a measure of impulsivity
bFGF protects against oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced endothelial monolayer permeability via S1PR1-dependent mechanisms
Index

Fibroblast Growth Factors

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Xiaokun Li