Features and Assessments of Pain, Anesthesia, and Analgesia

1st Edition - November 9, 2021
Editors: Rajkumar Rajendram, Victor R Preedy, Vinood B. Patel, Colin R Martin
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 9 8 8 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 9 9 2 - 4

Features and Assessments of Pain, Anaesthesia and Analgesia examines the syndromes of pain and how they interlink with anesthesia and analgesics. The book covers assessmen… Read more

Features and Assessments of Pain, Anesthesia, and Analgesia

Purchase options

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Request a sales quote

Features and Assessments of Pain, Anaesthesia and Analgesia examines the syndromes of pain and how they interlink with anesthesia and analgesics. The book covers assessments, screening and resources, and provides applications to related areas of medicine. It explores how the perception of pain results from a multifaceted interaction between illness beliefs, age, gender, time of onset, stress, socioeconomic status, and any number of other factors. In addition, the book scrutinizes how the neuroscience of pain in one condition may be relevant to understanding pain observed in other conditions.

Cover
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Part I: Setting the scene: General aspects of anesthesia, analgesics and pain
Chapter 1: The concept of multimorphic cancer pain: A new approach from diagnosis to treatment
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Assessing and reassessing cancer pain and patients
Key facts of cancer pain etiologies (Fallon et al., 2018; Lemaire et al., 2019)
Other agents of interest: Benefits of supportive care (MASCC, 2020)
Applications to other areas: From supportive care in cancer to supportive medicine
Key facts of criteria defining the multimorphic nature of cancer pain (Lemaire et al., 2019)
Treatment strategies in multimorphic cancer pain
Key facts of WHO cancer pain management guiding principles (World Health Organization, 2018)
Summary points: Strong opioids in cancer pain management
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Recent advances in the linkage of attachment and pain: A new review
Abstract
Introduction
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 3: The management of pain in older people
Abstract
Introduction
Pain perception in the elderly
Assessing pain in older people
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes affecting older people
Overview of management of pain in older people
Opioids
Adjuvant analgesics
Summary of the pharmacological management of pain in older people
Application to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Summary points
References
Chapter 4: Anesthesia and body mass: Epidural depth and beyond
Abstract
Introduction
Preoperative assessment
Assessment of respiratory system
Assessment of cardiovascular system
Assessment of endocrine and musculoskeletal systems
Intraoperative management
Induction of anesthesia, anesthetic agents, and muscle relaxants
Thiopental sodium
Propofol
Opioids
Neuromuscular-blocking agents and antagonists
Volatile anesthetics
Regional anesthesia
Cessation of anesthesia and postoperative care
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of anesthesia and body mass: Epidural depth and beyond
Summary points
References
Chapter 5: Anesthetics and analgesic activities of herbal medicine: Review of the possible mechanism of action
Abstract
Introduction
Local anesthetics herbs
General anesthetics herbs
Potential hazards of anesthetics herbal medicine
Application of anesthetics herbal medicine
Conclusion
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary
References
Chapter 6: Analgesia-first sedation and nonopioid multimodal analgesia in the intensive care unit
Abstract
Introduction
Pain and its assessment in critically ill adults
Assessment-driven protocols
Opioid choice, route of administration, and dosing
Analgosedation
Multimodal nonopioid analgesia use
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Summary points
References
Chapter 7: The multidisciplinary Acute Pain Service: Features and experiences
Abstract
Introduction
The history of Acute Pain Services
Basic characteristics of an Acute Pain Service
Acute Pain Service and clinical outcome
The diffusion of Acute Pain Services
The main clinical experiences regarding the establishment of an Acute Pain Service
Conclusion
Application to other areas
Other agents of interest
Key facts—Mini-dictionary
Summary points
References
Chapter 8: Monitoring anesthesia: Electroencephalography and beyond
Abstract
Introduction
Raw electroencephalography
Bispectral index
Evoked potential
Entropy
Narcotrend
Cerebral state index
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Part II: The syndromes of pain
Chapter 9: Cluster headache and pain: Features and treatments
Abstract
Introduction
Epidemiology
Rhythmicity
Pathophysiology
Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias
Treatment
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Conclusion
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts/summary points
References
Chapter 10: Migraine and pain: Features and treatments
Abstract
Features
Treatments
Prophylactic migraine treatment
Nonpharmacological approach
Conclusion
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 11: Complex regional pain syndrome
Abstract
Introduction
Diagnosis
Pathophysiology
Management
Pharmacologic treatment
Interventional treatment
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 12: Phantom limb pain
Abstract
Disclaimer
Introduction
Diagnosis
Pathophysiology
Management
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 13: Painful diabetic neuropathy: The roles of microglia
Abstract
Introduction
Painful diabetic neuropathy
Microglia
Microglial activation during neuropathic pain
Central glia-neuronal interaction
Conclusion
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 14: Maternal deprivation and nociception
Abstract
Introduction
Development of nociceptive pathways
Maternal deprivation
Maternal deprivation and nociception: Preclinical perspectives
Maternal deprivation and nociception: Signaling pathways changes
Early life stress in humans including maternal deprivation
Environmental enrichment as a potential intervention against the effects of MD
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 15: Giving birth and pain
Abstract
Introduction
Modes of delivery
Stages of delivery
Pain treatment in giving birth
Neuraxial analgesia and anesthesia
Postpartum pain
Nonpharmacological treatment
Application to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 16: Abdominal pain in gastroparesis
Abstract
Introduction
Types of gastroparesis
Symptoms of gastroparesis
Abdominal pain in gastroparesis
Symptom assessment in gastroparesis
Physical examination of gastroparesis patients
Diagnosis of gastroparesis
Treatment of gastroparesis
Treatment of abdominal pain in gastroparesis
Conclusion
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 17: Appendicitis and related abdominal pain
Abstract
Introduction
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Natural history models
Typical presentation
Atypical presentation
Inflammatory markers
Clinical prediction rules and imaging tests
Management
Surgical approach and complications
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 18: Ovarian hormones, site-specific nociception, and hypertension
Abstract
Introduction
Nociception mechanisms and modulation in hypertension: An overview
Nociception and blood pressure
Sex differences and ovarian hormones
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest (250–500 words)
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 19: Linking the heart and pain: Physiological and psychophysiological mechanisms
Abstract
Introduction
The history of the subject
Aspects related to (i, ii) a hypertension-related hypoalgesia phenomenon in chronic and acute pain conditions and (iii) a pain-killing etiology of the essential (primary) hypertension
Aspects related to (iv) the effectiveness of pain management prediction and monitoring by cardiovascular measures and to (v) effective pain control by cardiovascular mechanisms with pain-killing effects
An aspect related to (vi) the pain-o-meter technology
An aspect related to (vii) the baroreflex control of blood volume and pressure fluctuations in response to posture or body position changes in patients with pain
Summarizing the current knowledge of heart and pain relationships
Applications to other areas
Other areas of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of the issue associated with heart and pain interactions and related challenges
Summary points
References
Chapter 20: Chronic pain in military veterans
Abstract
Introduction
Theoretical models of chronic pain
Military basic training and rates of injury
Combat-related injuries in military personnel
Types of chronic pain in veterans
Comorbid conditions in veterans with chronic pain
Psychological comorbidities and social factors in veterans with chronic pain
Pain assessment and treatment
Nonpharmacologic pain modalities
Conclusion
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of chronic pain in military veterans
Summary points
References
Chapter 21: Nociception during surgery
Abstract
Introduction
Nociceptive pathway during surgery
Monitoring of nociception under general anesthesia
Intraoperative nociception and postoperative complications
Effects of intraoperative nociception on postoperative pain
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 22: Breast cancer and nociceptione
Abstract
Introduction
Treatments for breast cancer-induced pain
Limitations of cancer pain treatments
Bone pain in breast cancer
Treatments of bone pain in breast cancer
Side effects observed for the treatments of bone cancer pain
Animal models of breast cancer pain: Breast inoculation models
Animal models of breast cancer pain: A brief history of bone inoculation models
Animal models of breast cancer pain: Distinct bone inoculation models
Possible pharmacological targets for breast cancer pain relief
Cancer pain treatment by nonpharmacological treatments
Conclusions
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 23: Postoperative pain after rhinoplasty and rhinologic surgery
Abstract
Introduction
Intraoperative analgesia and anesthesia
Postoperative pain management
Conclusion
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 24: Pain response, neonates, and venipuncture
Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiology of pain and CNS effects
Pain assessment tools
Problems in assessing neonatal pain
Pain relief measures
Conclusion
Application to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Further reading
Chapter 25: Carpal tunnel syndrome and pain
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Median nerve compression
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 26: Pain and HIV
Abstract
Introduction
Etiology of chronic pain in HIV
HIV-associated distal symmetric polyneuropathy
Current pain management
HIV, pain, and opioid use
Nonpharmacologic approaches to HIV-related pain
Future steps
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 27: Pain mechanisms in computer and smartphone users
Abstract
Introduction
Origins and mechanisms of neck-shoulder pain
Low-back pain mechanisms in computer and smartphone users
Individual risks factors
Physical risks factors for the development of pain
Psychosocial risks factors
Physical activity to prevent and manage musculoskeletal pain in computer and smartphone users
Ergonomics to prevent occupational musculoskeletal pain in computer and smartphone users
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Part III: Interlinking anesthesia, analgesics and pain
Chapter 28: Health professionals’ and lay people’s positions regarding the use of analgesics in cancer cases
Abstract
Introduction
Studies of clinicians and the public
Mapping general practitioner’s positions regarding the use of opioids
Mapping lay people’s and health professionals’ positions on the use of analgesics in postoperative pain management
Mapping lay people’s and health professionals’ positions regarding the use of morphine to relieve intense pain
Mapping lay people’s and health professionals’ positions regarding temporary or terminal sedation
General discussion
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 29: Manual compression at myofascial trigger points ameliorates musculoskeletal pain
Abstract
Introduction
Link between MTrPs and musculoskeletal pain
Diagnosis of MTrPs
Effects of compression at MTrPs for musculoskeletal pain
Possible mechanisms of MTrP compression effects
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of MTrP compression for musculoskeletal pain
Summary points
References
Chapter 30: Multimodal analgesia and postsurgical pain
Abstract
Introduction
Definition and classification of PSP
Incidence of PSP and CPSP
Pathophysiology of postoperative pain
Peripheral sensitization, central sensitization, and neuroplastic changes in the brain after incision
Importance of PSP control
Risk factors for CPSP
Evaluation of pain intensity
PSP management: Enhanced recovery after surgery programs (ERAS)-preemptive, preventive, and multimodal analgesia (MA)
Framework of multimodal analgesia (MA)
Nonpharmacological interventions
Systemic nonopioid analgesics
Systemic opioid analgesics
Regional anesthesia, local anesthesia, and site infiltration with local anesthetics
Populations that need special consideration in treating PSP
Application of MA to other areas
Conclusions
Application to other areas
Other agents of interest
Key facts
Mini-dictionary of terms
Summary points
References
Chapter 31: Pain, ultrasound-guided Pecs II block, and general anesthesia
Abstract
Introduction
Acute and chronic postoperative pain in breast surgery
General anesthesia: A brief description
Technical description of ultrasound-guided Pecs II block
Clinical application ultrasound-guided Pecs II block
Pectoral nerves, intercostal nerve, and long thoracic nerve
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of ultrasound-guided Pecs II block
Summary points
References
Chapter 32: Pain control during prostate biopsy and evolution of local anesthesia techniques
Abstract
Introduction
Applications of local anesthetics to other areas
Mini dictionary
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 33: Pain reduction in cosmetic injections: Fillers and beyond
Abstract
Introduction
Psychological intervention
Vibration
Local anesthesia
Vapocoolant anesthesia
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 34: Anesthesia and combat-related extremity injury
Abstract
Introduction
Anesthesia and war
Acute pain
Regional anesthesia in extremity injury
Osseointegration and targeted muscle reinnervation
Damage control resuscitation
Conclusion
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Key facts of point of injury care
Summary points
References
Chapter 35: Spinal anesthesia: Applications to cesarean section and pain
Abstract
Introduction
History of spinal anesthesia in the field of obstetrics
Spinal technique
Preparation
Choice of spinal medication
Continuous spinal anesthesia
Intraoperative management
Recovery from spinal anesthesia
Postoperative complications
Conclusion
Application to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 36: Postoperative pain management: Truncal blocks in thoracic surgery
Abstract
Introduction
Pain management for thoracic surgery patients within ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) protocols
Multimodal analgesia
Truncal blocks
Pectoral block type I and II
Serratus anterior plane block (SAPB)
Paravertebral block (PVB)
Intercostal block
Retrolaminar block (RLB)
Erector spinae plane block (ESPB)
Conclusion
Application to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 37: Postoperative pain management: Truncal blocks in general surgery
Abstract
Introduction
Truncal blocks
Transversus abdominis plane block
Rectus sheath block
Ilioinguinal nerve and iliohypogastric nerve blocks
Paravertebral block
Intercostal block
Quadratus lumborum block
Erector spinae plane block
Transversalis fascia plane block
Contraindications in truncal blocks
Preparation for truncal blocks
Conclusion
Application to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 38: Linking analgesia, epidural oxycodone, pain, and laparoscopy
Abstract
Introduction
Laparoscopy
Pain after laparoscopy
Pain treatment after laparoscopy
Interventions during surgery to prevent postoperative pain
Epidural analgesia
Oxycodone
Oxycodone central nervous penetration
Epidural oxycodone
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of epidural oxycodone
Summary points
References
Chapter 39: Levobupivacaine features and linking in infiltrating analgesia
Abstract
Pharmacological basis for choice of local anesthetic for central and peripheral blocks
Local anesthetic properties
The mechanism of LA action
Pharmacokinetics
Local anesthetic toxicity
Pharmacology and use of levobupivacaine
Our local infiltration analgesia (LIA) body protocol
Discussion
Conclusions
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of levobupivacaine
Summary points
References
Part IV: Assessments, screening, and resources
Chapter 40: The pain catastrophizing scale: Features and applications
Abstract
Introduction
Features
Applications
Summary-conclusion
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
References
Chapter 41: Pain-related behavioral scales among a low back pain population: A narrative review
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Discussion
Limitations
Conclusions
Clinical implication/Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
Appendix
References
Chapter 42: The analgesia nociception index: Features and application
Abstract
Introduction
Basic principle of the ANI
Features of the ANI monitor
Interpretation of ANI values
Clinical applications
Conclusions
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of ANI
Summary points
References
Chapter 43: Pain, anesthetics and analgesics/back pain evaluation questionnaires
Abstract
Introduction
Back pain evaluation questionnaires for disease-specific measures
Conclusion
Suggestions for practical procedures
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 44: The back pain functional scale: Features and applications
Abstract
Introduction
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of back pain functional scale
Summary points
References
Chapter 45: Cognitive impairment, pain, and analgesia
Abstract
Introduction
Physiological and pathological aging: Cognitive impairment
Pain in the elderly
Neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer’s disease
Pain and Alzheimer’s disease
Future
References
Chapter 46: Biomarkers in endometriosis-associated pain
Abstract
Background
Prevalence
Diagnosis
Classification
Treatment
Biomarkers
Blood biomarkers
Urine biomarkers
Endometrial biomarkers
Discussion
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts of endometriosis
Summary points
Applications to other areas
References
Chapter 47: Biomarkers in bladder pain syndrome: A new narrative
Abstract
Introduction
Biomarkers
IC/BPS biomarkers and their potential relationship to disease pathophysiology
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 48: Biomarkers of statin-induced musculoskeletal pain: Vitamin D and beyond
Abstract
Introduction
Statin associated muscle symptoms
Cholesterol and vitamin D
SAMS biomarkers
Conclusion
Other agents of interest
Applications to other areas
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Chapter 49: Performance-based and self-reported physical fitness in musculoskeletal pain
Abstract
Physical fitness
Musculoskeletal disorders
Widespread musculoskeletal pain
Assessment of physical fitness in widespread musculoskeletal pain
Applications to other areas
Other agents of interest
Mini-dictionary of terms
Key facts
Summary points
References
Index

Rajkumar Rajendram

Dr Rajkumar Rajendram is a clinician scientist with a focus on internal medicine, anaesthesia, intensive care and peri-operative medicine. He graduated with distinctions from Guy’s, King’s and St. Thomas Medical School, King’s College London in 2001. As an undergraduate he was awarded several prizes, merits and distinctions in pre-clinical and clinical subjects.

Dr Rajendram began his post-graduate medical training in general medicine and intensive care in Oxford. He attained membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP) in 2004 and completed specialist training in acute and general medicine in Oxford in 2010. Dr Rajendram subsequently practiced as a Consultant in Acute General Medicine at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.

Dr Rajendram also trained in anaesthesia and intensive care in London and was awarded a fellowship of the Royal College of Anaesthetists (FRCA) in 2009. He completed advanced training in regional anaesthesia and intensive care. He was awarded a fellowship of the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FFICM) in 2013 and obtained the European diploma of intensive care medicine (EDIC) in 2014. He then moved to the Royal Free London Hospitals as a Consultant in Intensive Care, Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine. He has been a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (FRCP Edin) and the Royal College of Physicians of London (FRCP Lond) since 2017 and 2019 respectively. He is currently a Consultant in Internal Medicine at King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Heath Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Dr Rajendram’s focus on improving outcomes from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has involved research on point of care ultrasound and phenotypes of COVID-19. Dr Rajendram also recognises that nutritional support is a fundamental aspect of medical care. This is particularly important for patients with COVID-19. As a clinician scientist he has therefore devoted significant time and effort into nutritional science research and education. He is an affiliated member of the Nutritional Sciences Research Division of King’s College London and has published over 400 textbook chapters, review articles, peer-reviewed papers and abstracts.

Affiliations and expertise

Consultant in Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Heath Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Victor R Preedy

Victor R. Preedy BSc, PhD, DSc, FRSB, FRSPH, FRSC, FRCPath graduated with an Honours Degree in Biology and Physiology with Pharmacology. After gaining his University of London PhD, he received his Membership of the Royal College of Pathologists. He was later awarded his second doctorate (DSc), for his contribution to protein metabolism in health and disease. He is Professor of Clinical Biochemistry (Hon) at King’s College Hospital and Emeritus Professor of Nutritional Biochemistry at King’s College London. He has Honorary Professorships at the University of Hull, and the University of Suffolk. Professor Preedy was the Founding Director and then long-term Director of the Genomics Centre at King’s College London from 2006 to 2020. Professor Preedy has been awarded fellowships of the Royal Society of Biology, the Royal College of Pathologists, the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, the Royal Institute of Public Health, the Royal Society for Public Health, the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Royal Society of Medicine. He carried out research when attached to the National Heart Hospital (part of Imperial College London), The School of Pharmacy (now part of University College London) and the MRC Centre at Northwick Park Hospital. He has collaborated with international research groups in Finland, Japan, Australia, USA, and Germany. To his credit, Professor Preedy has published over 750 articles, which includes peer-reviewed manuscripts based on original research, abstracts and symposium presentations, reviews and edited books.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King’s College Hospital, London, UK; Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, UK Visiting Professor, University of Hull, UK

Vinood B. Patel

Dr. Patel is a Reader at the University of Westminster. After completing his PhD at King’s College London, he continued his research experience by undertaking his post-doctoral studies in the laboratory of Professor Cunningham in the Department of Biochemistry at the Wake Forest University School of Medicine, (Winston-Salem, NC, USA). This extensive project involved investigating mechanisms of hepatic mitochondrial ribosome dysfunction in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) using biophysical and proteomic techniques. These studies have led to new avenues in determining the pathology of ALD. His teaching areas at both post-graduate and undergraduate levels include clinical biochemistry, investigative pathology and laboratory investigation.

Affiliations and expertise

Reader in Clinical Biochemistry, University of Westminster, London, UK

Colin R Martin

Colin R. Martin RN, BSc, MSc, PhD, MBA, YCAP, FHEA, C.Psychol, AFBPsS, C.Sci is Professor of Clinical Psychobiology and Applied Psychoneuroimmunology and Clinical Director of the Institute of Health and Wellbeing at the University of Suffolk, UK. He is a Chartered Health Psychologist and a Chartered Scientist. He also trained in analytical biochemistry, this aspect reflecting the psychobiological focus of much of his research within mental health. He has published or has in press well over 300 research papers and book chapters. He is a keen book author and editor having written and/or edited more than 50 books. These outputs include the prophetic insight into the treatment of neurological disease, Handbook of Behavior, Food and Nutrition (2011), Nanomedicine and the Nervous System (2012), Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in Neurological Disease (2020), Zika Virus Impact, Diagnosis, Control and Models (2021), Factors Affecting Neurodevelopment: Genetics, Neurology, Behavior and Diet (2021), Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury (2022), The Neurobiology, Physiology, and Psychology of Pain (2022) and The Handbook of Lifespan Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Childhood, Adolescence, Pregnancy, Adulthood, and Aging (2023). Professor Martin is particularly interested in all aspects of the relationship between underlying physiological substrates and behavior, particularly in how these relationships manifest in both acute and chronic psychiatric disorder. He has published original research germane to significant mental health disorders including the areas of schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, alcohol and drug dependency, high secure forensic mental health and personality disorder. He has a keen interest in the impact of postviral illness and is actively involved in clinical research post-Covid pandemic and in particular, the impact of Long Covid on psychological, neurological, physiological and social functioning. He is involved in collaborative International research with many European and Non-European countries.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Clinical Psychobiology and Applied Psychoneuroimmunology and Clinical Director: Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Features and Assessments of Pain, Anesthesia, and Analgesia

Purchase options

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Rajkumar Rajendram

Victor R Preedy

Vinood B. Patel

Colin R Martin