ExpertDDx: Abdomen and Pelvis

3rd Edition - October 21, 2022
Authors: Atif Zaheer, Siva P. Raman, Bryan R. Foster, Ghaneh Fananapazir
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 7 8 6 6 - 1

Highly practical and user-friendly, ExpertDDx: Abdomen and Pelvis, third edition, helps you reach accurate, clinically useful differential diagnoses in your everyday practice.… Read more

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Highly practical and user-friendly, ExpertDDx: Abdomen and Pelvis, third edition, helps you reach accurate, clinically useful differential diagnoses in your everyday practice. It presents the most useful differential diagnoses for each region of the abdomen and pelvis, grouped according to anatomic location, generic imaging findings, modality-specific findings, or clinical-based indications. Each differential diagnosis includes several high-quality, succinctly annotated images; a list of diagnostic possibilities sorted as common, less common, and rare but important; and brief, bulleted text offering helpful diagnostic clues. It’s an excellent resource for subspecialty abdominal imagers as well as general radiologists and trainees, providing invaluable assistance in reaching logical, on-target differential diagnoses based on key imaging findings and clinical details.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedications
Contributing Authors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Sections
SECTION 1: PERITONEUM AND MESENTERY
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 1: Mesenteric or Omental Mass (Solid)
Chapter 2: Mesenteric or Omental Mass (Cystic)
Chapter 3: Fat-Containing Lesion, Peritoneal Cavity
Chapter 4: Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy
Chapter 5: Abdominal Calcifications
Chapter 6: Pneumoperitoneum
Chapter 7: Hemoperitoneum
Chapter 8: Misty (Infiltrated) Mesentery
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Chapter 9: High-Attenuation (Hyperdense) Ascites
SECTION 2: ABDOMINAL WALL
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 10: Abdominal Wall Mass
Chapter 11: Mass in Iliopsoas Compartment
Chapter 12: Groin Mass
Chapter 13: Elevated or Deformed Hemidiaphragm
Chapter 14: Defect in Abdominal Wall (Hernia)
SECTION 3: ESOPHAGUS
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 15: Intraluminal Mass, Esophagus
Chapter 16: Extrinsic Mass, Esophagus
Chapter 17: Lesion at Pharyngoesophageal Junction
Chapter 18: Esophageal Ulceration
Chapter 19: Mucosal Nodularity, Esophagus
Chapter 20: Esophageal Strictures
Chapter 21: Dilated Esophagus
Chapter 22: Esophageal Outpouchings (Diverticula)
Chapter 23: Esophageal Dysmotility
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 24: Odynophagia
SECTION 4: STOMACH
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 25: Gastric Mass Lesions
Chapter 26: Intramural Mass, Stomach
Chapter 27: Target or Bull's-Eye Lesions, Stomach
Chapter 28: Gastric Ulceration (Without Mass)
Chapter 29: Intrathoracic Stomach
Chapter 30: Thickened Gastric Folds
Chapter 31: Gastric Dilation or Outlet Obstruction
Chapter 32: Linitis Plastica, Limited Distensibility
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 33: Epigastric Pain
Chapter 34: Left Upper Quadrant Mass
SECTION 5: DUODENUM
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 35: Duodenal Mass
Chapter 36: Dilated Duodenum
Chapter 37: Thickened Duodenal Folds
SECTION 6: SMALL INTESTINE
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 38: Multiple Masses or Filling Defects, Small Bowel
Chapter 39: Cluster of Dilated Small Bowel
Chapter 40: Aneurysmal Dilation of Small Bowel Lumen
Chapter 41: Stenosis, Terminal Ileum
Chapter 42: Segmental or Diffuse Small Bowel Wall Thickening
Chapter 43: Pneumatosis of Small Intestine or Colon
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 44: Occult GI Bleeding
Chapter 45: Small Bowel Obstruction
SECTION 7: COLON
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 46: Solitary Colonic Filling Defect
Chapter 47: Multiple Colonic Filling Defects
Chapter 48: Mass or Inflammation of Ileocecal Area
Chapter 49: Colonic Ileus or Dilation
Chapter 50: Toxic Megacolon
Chapter 51: Rectal or Colonic Fistula
Chapter 52: Segmental Colonic Narrowing
Chapter 53: Colonic Thumbprinting
Chapter 54: Colonic Wall Thickening
Chapter 55: Smooth Ahaustral Colon
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 56: Acute Right Lower Quadrant Pain
Chapter 57: Acute Left Abdominal Pain
SECTION 8: SPLEEN
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 58: Splenomegaly
Chapter 59: Multiple Splenic Calcifications
Chapter 60: Solid Splenic Mass or Masses
Chapter 61: Cystic Splenic Mass
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Chapter 62: Diffuse Increased Attenuation, Spleen
SECTION 9: LIVER
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 63: Liver Mass With Central or Eccentric Scar
Chapter 64: Focal Liver Lesion With Hemorrhage
Chapter 65: Liver "Mass" With Capsular Retraction
Chapter 66: Fat-Containing Liver Mass
Chapter 67: Cystic Hepatic Mass
Chapter 68: Focal Hypervascular Liver Lesion
Chapter 69: Liver Mass With Mosaic Enhancement
Chapter 70: Mosaic or Patchy Hepatogram
Chapter 71: Hepatic Calcifications
Chapter 72: Liver Lesion Containing Gas
Chapter 73: Portal Venous Gas
Chapter 74: Widened Hepatic Fissures
Chapter 75: Dysmorphic Liver With Abnormal Bile Ducts
Chapter 76: Focal Hyperperfusion Abnormality (THAD or THID)
Chapter 77: Periportal Lucency or Edema
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Chapter 78: Multiple Hypointense Liver Lesions (T2WI)
Chapter 79: Hyperintense Liver Lesions (T1WI)
Chapter 80: Liver Lesion With Capsule or Halo on MR
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Chapter 81: Multiple Hypodense Liver Lesions
Chapter 82: Focal Hyperdense Hepatic Mass on Nonenhanced CT
Chapter 83: Widespread Low Attenuation Within Liver
ULTRASOUND
Chapter 84: Focal Hepatic Echogenic Lesion ± Acoustic Shadowing
Chapter 85: Hyperechoic Liver, Diffuse
Chapter 86: Hepatomegaly
Chapter 87: Diffusely Abnormal Liver Echogenicity
Chapter 88: Anechoic Liver Lesion
Chapter 89: Hypoechoic Liver Mass
Chapter 90: Echogenic Liver Mass
Chapter 91: Target Lesions in Liver
Chapter 92: Multiple Hypo-, Hyper- or Anechoic Liver Lesions
Chapter 93: Hepatic Mass With Central Scar
Chapter 94: Periportal Lesion
Chapter 95: Irregular Hepatic Surface
Chapter 96: Portal Vein Abnormality
SECTION 10: GALLBLADDER
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 97: Distended Gallbladder
Chapter 98: Gas in Bile Ducts or Gallbladder
Chapter 99: Focal Gallbladder Wall Thickening
Chapter 100: Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Chapter 101: High-Attenuation (Hyperdense) Bile in Gallbladder
ULTRASOUND
Chapter 102: Hyperechoic Gallbladder Wall
Chapter 103: Echogenic Material in Gallbladder
Chapter 104: Dilated Gallbladder
Chapter 105: Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Duct Dilatation
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 106: Right Upper Quadrant Pain
SECTION 11: BILIARY TRACT
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 107: Dilated Common Bile Duct
Chapter 108: Asymmetric Dilation of Intrahepatic Bile Ducts
Chapter 109: Biliary Strictures, Multiple
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Chapter 110: Hypointense Lesion in Biliary Tree (MRCP)
SECTION 12: PANCREAS
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 111: Hypovascular Pancreatic Mass
Chapter 112: Hypervascular Pancreatic Mass
Chapter 113: Cystic Pancreatic Mass
Chapter 114: Atrophy or Fatty Replacement of Pancreas
Chapter 115: Dilated Pancreatic Duct
Chapter 116: Infiltration of Peripancreatic Fat Planes
Chapter 117: Pancreatic Calcifications
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
ULTRASOUND
Chapter 118: Cystic Pancreatic Lesion
Chapter 119: Solid Pancreatic Lesion
Chapter 120: Pancreatic Duct Dilatation
SECTION 13: RETROPERITONEUM
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 121: Retroperitoneal Mass, Cystic
Chapter 122: Retroperitoneal Mass, Soft Tissue Density
Chapter 123: Retroperitoneal Mass, Fat Containing
Chapter 124: Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage
SECTION 14: ADRENAL
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 125: Adrenal Mass
SECTION 15: KIDNEY
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 126: Calcifications Within Kidney
Chapter 127: Congenital Renal Anomalies
Chapter 128: Kidney Transplant Dysfunction
Chapter 129: Solid Renal Mass
Chapter 130: Cystic Renal Mass
Chapter 131: Bilateral Renal Cysts
Chapter 132: Infiltrative Renal Lesions
Chapter 133: Perirenal and Subcapsular Mass Lesions
Chapter 134: Fat-Containing Renal Mass
Chapter 135: Renal Sinus Lesion
Chapter 136: Gas in or Around Kidney
Chapter 137: Delayed or Persistent Nephrogram
Chapter 138: Wedge-Shaped or Striated Nephrogram
Chapter 139: Acute Flank Pain
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
ULTRASOUND
Chapter 140: Enlarged Kidney
Chapter 141: Small Kidney
Chapter 142: Hyperechoic Kidney
Chapter 143: Dilated Renal Pelvis
Chapter 144: Hyperechoic Renal Mass
SECTION 16: COLLECTING SYSTEM
Chapter 145: Dilated Renal Calyces
Chapter 146: Filling Defect, Renal Pelvis
SECTION 17: URETER
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 147: Ureteral Filling Defect or Stricture
Chapter 148: Cystic Dilation of Distal Ureter
SECTION 18: BLADDER
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 149: Filling Defect in Urinary Bladder
Chapter 150: Urinary Bladder Outpouching
Chapter 151: Gas Within Urinary Bladder
Chapter 152: Abnormal Bladder Wall
SECTION 19: URETHRA
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 153: Urethral Stricture
SECTION 20: SCROTUM
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 154: Intratesticular Mass
Chapter 155: Testicular Cystic Lesions
Chapter 156: Extratesticular Cystic Mass
Chapter 157: Extratesticular Solid Mass
Chapter 158: Diffuse Testicular Enlargement
Chapter 159: Decreased Testicular Size
Chapter 160: Testicular Calcifications
SECTION 21: PROSTATE AND SEMINAL VESICLES
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 161: Focal Lesion in Prostate
Chapter 162: Enlarged Prostate
SECTION 22: FEMALE PELVIS
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 163: Pelvic Fluid
Chapter 164: Female Lower Genital Cysts
Chapter 165: Extraovarian Adnexal Mass
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 166: Acute Pelvic Pain in Nonpregnant Women
SECTION 23: UTERUS
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 167: Enlarged Uterus
Chapter 168: Thickened Endometrium
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS
Chapter 169: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
SECTION 24: OVARY
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS
Chapter 170: Multilocular Ovarian Cysts
Chapter 171: Unilocular Ovarian Cysts
Chapter 172: Solid Ovarian Masses
Chapter 173: Calcified Ovarian Masses
MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Chapter 174: Ovarian Lesions With Low T2 Signal Intensity
INDEX

Atif Zaheer

Dr. Atif Zaheer has a specialty focus on CT, MR, and US of the abdomen and pelvis. He is Professor of Radiology, Oncology and Medicine at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Radiology, Oncology and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

Siva P. Raman

Dr. Siva Raman is a board-certified radiologist who gained his subspecialty expertise in thoracoabdominal imaging during a fellowship at Stanford University, and intern residency at UC Davis Medical Center. He attended Johns Hopkins University Medical School. Dr. Raman is a radiologist at Bay Imaging Consultants in Walnut Creek, California, with a subspecialty focus on thoracoabdominal imaging

Affiliations and expertise

Bay Imaging Consultants, Walnut Creek, California

Bryan R. Foster

Dr. Bryan Foster is a body imaging radiologist with a subspecialty focus on oncologic, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, prostate, and small bowel imaging. Dr. Foster is the director of ultrasound at OHSU and performs complex image-guided biopsies; he also performs CEUS imaging and US elastography. Dr. Foster is skilled in all facets of imaging including radiography, fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT, and MRI. His interests include oncologic, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, prostate, and small bowel imaging. Dr. Foster has recently started performing contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging (as the only site in Oregon) and US elastography. He is one of two radiologists that perform MRI-guided prostate biopsies (also only site in Oregon). Recently he was selected as an Honored Educator for the Radiological Society of North America.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon

Ghaneh Fananapazir

Dr. Ghaneh Fananapazir is a radiologist with specialization in abdominal radiology. He is Professor of Radiology at the University of California, Davis, in Sacramento, California. Fananapazir’s clinical focus includes nonvascular interventional procedures, advanced US, CT and MR techniques, vascular imaging, and abdominal organ transplantation (kidney, liver, pancreas). In addition to his clinical duties, Dr. Fananapazir is passionate about medical education and research, particularly relating to kidney transplantation, and has authored textbooks and peer-reviewed research in highly impactful medical journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento,, California

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ExpertDDx: Abdomen and Pelvis

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Atif Zaheer

Siva P. Raman

Bryan R. Foster

Ghaneh Fananapazir