Exergy
Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
- 2nd Edition - December 10, 2012
- Authors: Ibrahim Dincer, Marc A Rosen
- Language: English
Exergy, Second Edition deals with exergy and its applications to various energy systems and applications as a potential tool for design, analysis and optimization, and its role i… Read more
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Exergy, Second Edition deals with exergy and its applications to various energy systems and applications as a potential tool for design, analysis and optimization, and its role in minimizing and/or eliminating environmental impacts and providing sustainable development. In this regard, several key topics ranging from the basics of the thermodynamic concepts to advanced exergy analysis techniques in a wide range of applications are covered as outlined in the contents.
- Offers comprehensive coverage of exergy and its applications, along with the most up-to-date information in the area with recent developments
- Connects exergy with three essential areas in terms of energy, environment and sustainable development
- Provides a number of illustrative examples, practical applications, and case studies
- Written in an easy-to-follow style, starting from the basics to advanced systems
Upper-level undergraduate students and graduate students, researchers, scientists and engineers studying or working in mechanical, chemical, energy, environmental, process, and industrial engineering
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Chapter 1. Thermodynamic Fundamentals
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Energy
1.3 Entropy
1.4 Exergy
1.5 Illustrative Examples
1.6 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 2. Exergy and Energy Analyses
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Why Energy and Exergy Analyses?
2.3 Nomenclature
2.4 Balances for Mass, Energy, and Entropy
2.5 Exergy of Systems and Flows
2.6 Exergy Consumption
2.7 Exergy Balance
2.8 Reference Environment
2.9 Efficiencies and Other Measures of Merit
2.10 Procedure for Energy and Exergy Analyses
2.11 Energy and Exergy Properties
2.12 Implications of Results of Exergy Analyses
2.13 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 3. Chemical Exergy
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Chemical Exergy Definition
3.3 Chemical Exergy for Solid Species
3.4 Chemical Exergy of Gas Mixtures
3.5 Chemical Exergy of Nonenvironmental Substances and Fuels
3.6 Effect of Atmospheric Temperature and Pressure and Environment Composition on Chemical Exergy
3.7 Case Study: CCPP with Supplemental Firing
3.8 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 4. Exergy, Environment And Sustainable Development
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Exergy and Environmental Problems
4.3 Exergy and Sustainable Development
4.4 Illustrative Example
4.5 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 5. Applications of Exergy in Industry
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Questions Surrounding Industry’s Use of Exergy
5.3 Advantages and Benefits of Using Exergy
5.4 Understanding Energy Conservation Through Exergy
5.5 Disadvantages and Drawbacks of Using Exergy
5.6 Possible Measures to Increase Applications of Exergy in Industry
5.7 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 6. Exergy Analysis of Psychrometric Processes
6.1 Basic Psychrometric Concepts
6.2 Balance and Efficiency Equations for Air-Conditioning Processes
6.3 Case Studies
6.4 Operation and Design of Experimental System
6.5 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 7. Exergy Analysis of Heat Pump Systems
7.1 Introduction
7.2 System Description
7.3 General Analysis
7.4 System Exergy Analysis
7.5 Results and Discussion
7.6 Concluding Remarks
Problems
Chapter 8. Exergy Analysis of Absorption Cooling Systems
8.1 Introduction
8.2 ACSs
8.3 System Descriptions
8.4 Energy and Exergy Analyses
8.5 Performance and Efficiency
8.6 Concluding Remarks
Problems
Chapter 9. Exergy Analysis of Thermal Energy Storage Systems
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Principal Thermodynamic Considerations in TES
9.3 Exergy Evaluation of a Closed TES System
9.4 Relations between Temperature and Efficiency for Sensible TES
9.5 Exergy Analysis of Thermally Stratified Storages
9.6 Energy and Exergy Analyses of Cold TES Systems
9.7 Exergy Analysis of Aquifer TES Systems
9.8 Examples and Case Studies
9.9 Concluding Remarks
Problems
Chapter 10. Exergy Analysis of Drying Processes and Systems
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Exergy Losses Associated with Drying
10.3 Analysis
10.4 Importance of Matching Supply and End-Use Heat for Drying
10.5 Illustrative Example
10.6 Energy Analysis of Fluidized Bed Drying of Moist Particles
10.7 Exergy Analysis of Advanced Drying System: Industrial Wood Chips Drying
10.8 Concluding Remarks
Problems
Chapter 11. Exergy Analysis of Renewable Energy Systems
11.1 Exergy Analysis of Solar PV Systems
11.2 Exergy Analysis of Solar Ponds
11.3 Solar Exergy Maps
11.4 Exergy Analysis of Wind Energy Systems
11.5 Exergy Analysis of Geothermal Energy Systems
11.6 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 12. Exergy Analysis of Steam Power Plants
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Analysis
12.3 Spreadsheet Calculation Approaches
12.4 Example: Analysis of a Coal Steam Power Plant
12.5 Example: Impact on Power Plant Efficiencies of Varying Boiler Temperature and Pressure
12.6 Case Study: Energy and Exergy Analyses of Coal-Fired and Nuclear Steam Power Plants
12.7 Improving Steam Power Plant Efficiency
12.8 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 13. Exergy Analysis of Cogeneration and District Energy Systems
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Cogeneration
13.3 District Energy
13.4 Integrated Systems for Cogeneration and District Energy
13.5 Simplified Illustrations of the Benefits of Cogeneration
13.6 Case Study for Cogeneration-Based District Energy
13.7 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 14. Exergy Analysis of Integrated Trigeneration and Multigeneration Systems
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Trigeneration
14.3 Multigeneration
14.4 Integrated Multigeneration Systems
14.5 Case Study: Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Trigeneration System
14.6 Case Study: Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Multigeneration System
14.7 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 15. Exergy Analysis of Cryogenic and Liquefaction Systems
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Energy and Exergy Analyses of Gas Liquefaction Systems
15.3 Exergy Analysis of a Multistage Cascade Refrigeration Cycle for Natural Gas Liquefaction
15.4 Exergy Analysis of an Integrated Hydrogen Liquefaction Using Geothermal Energy
15.5 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 16. Exergy Analysis of Crude Oil Distillation Systems
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Analysis Approach and Assumptions
16.3 Description of Crude Oil Distillation System Analyzed
16.4 System Simulation
16.5 Energy and Exergy Analyses
16.6 Results and Discussion
16.7 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 17. Exergy Analysis of Hydrogen Production Systems
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Hydrogen Production Processes
17.3 Hydrogen Production from Fossil Fuels
17.4 Hydrogen Production from Renewable Energy
17.5 Case Studies
17.6 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 18. Exergy Analysis of Fuel Cell Systems
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Background
18.3 Exergy Analysis of a PEM Fuel Cell Power System
18.4 Energy and Exergy Analyses of Combined SOFC–Gas-Turbine Systems
18.5 Exergy Analysis of Advanced Fuel Cell Systems: MCFCS
18.6 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 19. Exergy Analysis of Aircraft Flight Systems
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Exergy Analysis of a Turbojet
19.3 Flight Characteristics
19.4 Cumulative Rational Efficiency
19.5 Cumulative Exergy Loss
19.6 Contribution of Exhaust Gas Emission to Cumulative Exergy Loss
19.7 Breakdown of Exergy of Exhaust Gas Emission
19.8 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 20. Exergoeconomic Analysis of Thermal Systems
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Economic Aspects of Exergy
20.3 Modeling and Analysis
20.4 Key Difference between Economic and Thermodynamic Balances
20.5 Example: Coal-Fired Electricity Generation
20.6 Case Study: Electricity Generation from Various Sources
20.7 Exergoeconomics Extended: Exergy, Cost, Energy, and Mass Analysis
20.8 Specific Exergy Cost Analysis
20.9 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 21. Exergy Analysis of Countries, Regions, and Economic Sectors
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Background and Objective
21.3 Applying Exergy to Macrosystems
21.4 Case Study: Energy and Exergy Utilization in Saudi Arabia
21.5 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 22. Exergetic Life Cycle Assessment
22.1 Introduction
22.2 LCA
22.3 Exergetic LCA
22.4 Case Study 1: EXLCA of Internal Combustion Engine and Fuel Cell Vehicles
22.5 Case Study 2: EXLCA of a Nuclear-Based Hydrogen Production Process
22.6 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 23. Exergy and Industrial Ecology
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Industrial Ecology
23.3 Linkage between Exergy and Industrial Ecology
23.4 Illustrative Example
23.5 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 24. Exergy and Multiobjective Optimization
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Optimization Formulations
24.3 Optimization Methods
24.4 Multiobjective Optimization
24.5 Illustrative Example: Air Compressor Optimization
24.6 Case Study: GT Power Generation Plant
24.7 Closing Remarks
Chapter 25. Exergy in Policy Development and Education
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Exergy Methods for Analysis and Design
25.3 The Role and Place for Exergy in Energy-Related Education and Awareness Policies
25.4 The Role and Place for Exergy in Education Policies
25.5 Closing Remarks
Problems
Chapter 26. Closing Remarks and Future Expectations
Appendix A. Glossary of Selected Terminology
General Thermodynamic Terms
Exergy Quantities
Exergy Consumption, Energy Degradation, and Irreversibility
Environment and Reference Environment
Efficiencies and Other Measures
Energy and Exergy Methods
Economics and Exergy
Appendix B. Conversion Factors
Appendix C. Thermophysical Properties
Nomenclature
Greek Letters
Subscripts
Superscripts
Abbreviations
References
Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: December 10, 2012
- Language: English
ID
Ibrahim Dincer
Dr. Ibrahim Dincer is professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Ontario Tech. University and visiting professor at Yildiz Technical University. He has authored numerous books and book chapters, and many refereed journal and conference papers. He has chaired many national and international conferences, symposia, workshops, and technical meetings. He has also delivered many plenary, keynote and invited lectures. He is an active member of various international scientific organizations and societies, and serves as editor in chief, associate editor, regional editor, and editorial board member for various prestigious international journals. He is a recipient of several research, teaching and service awards, including the Premier׳s Research Excellence Award in Ontario, Canada. For the past seven years in a row he has been recognized by Thomson Reuters as one of The Most Influential Scientific Minds in Engineering and one of the Most Highly Cited Researchers.
Affiliations and expertise
Full professor of Mechanical Engineering, Ontario Tech. University, CanadaMA
Marc A Rosen
Marc A. Rosen is a professor at Ontario Tech University (formally University of Ontario Institute of Technology) in Oshawa, Canada, where he served as founding Dean of the Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering and the founding Editor-in-Chief of Sustainability. He has written numerous books and journal articles. Professor Rosen received the President's Award from the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering in 2012. He is an active teacher and researcher in sustainable energy, environmental impact of energy and industrial systems, and energy technology (including heat transfer and recovery, renewable energy and efficiency improvement). His work on exergy methods in applied thermodynamics has been pioneering and led to many informative and useful findings. He has carried out research on linkages between thermodynamics and environmental impact and ecology. Much of his research has been carried out for industry.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Ontario, CanadaRead Exergy on ScienceDirect