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Exercise to Prevent and Manage Chronic Disease Across the Lifespan

1st Edition - April 30, 2022

Authors: Jack Feehan, Nicholas Tripodi, Vasso Apostolopoulos

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 9 8 4 3 - 0

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 8 5 7 6 - 8

Exercise to Prevent and Manage Chronic Disease Across the Lifespan provides evidence-based insights into the clinical utility of exercise in the management of disease across a… Read more

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Exercise to Prevent and Manage Chronic Disease Across the Lifespan provides evidence-based insights into the clinical utility of exercise in the management of disease across a broad range of specialties and diseases. The book offers research informed strategies for the integration of exercise into standard practice in fields such as neurology, endocrinology, psychiatry and oncology, as well as decision-making pathways and clinical scenarios to advance patient care. The book is divided by specialty and includes clinical scenarios to allow for the integration of information within practice.

The book's synthesized research evidence allows practitioners to safely and effectively begin to capitalize on the benefits of exercise in their patients.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Part I: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction
Part II: General exercise
Chapter 2: Exercise and immunity
Abstract
Introduction
Effects of exercise on inflammatory markers
Effects of exercise on immune cells
Effects of exercise on cytokines and chemokines
The good, the bad, and the ugly
Clinical trial summaries and exercise recommendations for boosting the immune system
Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
Chapter 3: Physical activity interventions for culturally and linguistically diverse populations: A critical review
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Limitations
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Physical activity adherence: Worldwide trends, barriers and facilitators and tools to improve it
Abstract
Introduction
Physical activity recommendations
Global physical inactivity trends
Determinants of physical activity
Barriers and facilitators
Methods to improve physical activity levels
Conclusion
References
Part III: Children and early teens
Chapter 5: The effects of physical exercise on the brain and neurocognitive functioning during childhood
Abstract
Introduction
The impact of physical exercise on brain structure and neurophysiological functioning
Effects of physical exercise on neurocognitive functioning
Effects of physical exercise on academic achievement
Practical implications
Future research directions
Summary—Physical activity recommendations
References
Chapter 6: Physical activity for young people with mental illness
Abstract
Adolescents and mental illness
Young people and physical activity
Physical activity or exercise as a treatment for anxiety in young people
Physical activity or exercise as a treatment for psychosis in young people
Practice recommendations for clinicians in youth mental health services
Conclusions
References
Chapter 7: Type 1 diabetes
Abstract
Introduction
Methods of insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes
Effects of physical activity and exercise training
Impact of sedentary behavior
Insulin kinetics and risk of hypoglycemia with exercise
Insulin management for aerobic exercise
Insulin management for anaerobic exercise
Other exercise-related insulin management considerations
Hypoglycemia prevention and treatment
Additional considerations related to prandial state
Exercise recommendations for individuals with T1D of all ages
Exercise safety considerations and precautions for all individuals with T1D
Setting individualized goals for physical activity
Barriers to exercise participation and overcoming obstacles
Use of diabetes technology with exercise
Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Exercise across the lifespan: Exercise and obesity
Abstract
Introduction
The effects of exercise on obesity
Clinical practice recommendations for exercise prescribers
Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: Exercise effects in adults with asthma
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise in disease
Conclusion
References
Chapter 10: Exercise training for people living with HIV
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise in HIV
Conclusion
References
Part IV: Middle age
Chapter 11: Type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus
Abstract
Introduction
Lifestyle management to treat type 2 diabetes and prediabetes
Being physically active with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes
Exercise safety considerations and precautions for T2D and PD
Treatment of and exercising with gestational diabetes mellitus
Exercise recommendations and precautions for GDM
Conclusion
References
Chapter 12: Exercise in the management of multiple sclerosis
Abstract
Introduction
Beneficial effects of physical activity in individuals with MS
How to involve exercise programs in practice for patients with MS
Exercise therapy for patients with MS
Exercise prescription
Conclusion
References
Chapter 13: Exercise and menopause
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise for overall health and well-being
Conclusion
References
Chapter 14: Exercise for chronic pain
Abstract
The neurobiology of pain
The impact of chronic pain
Defining pain
Pathophysiology
Clinical application of exercise as a therapeutic intervention for chronic pain
Prescribing exercise for chronic pain
Conclusion
References
Chapter 15: Exercise in the management of neuropathic pain
Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis and classification
Conclusion
References
Chapter 16: Tendinopathy
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise in disease
Rotator cuff tendinopathy
Lateral elbow epicondylalgia
Gluteal tendinopathy
Patella tendinopathy
Achilles tendinopathy
Conclusion
References
Chapter 17: Exercise and depression
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Epidemiology/impact
Pathophysiology
Clinical outcomes
Known/potential mechanisms underlying effects
Cautions/safety
Conclusion
References
Chapter 18: Yoga and mental health
Abstract
Introduction
Conclusion
References
Chapter 19: Exercise for chronic heart failure
Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Exercise prescription for CHF
Conclusion
References
Chapter 20: Exercise interventions in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise in PCOS
Recommendations for exercise prescription
Conclusion
References
Part V: Older age
Chapter 21: Exercise for the management of osteoarthritis
Abstract
Epidemiology, societal, and global impact
Pathophysiology
Exercise for osteoarthritis: A primer
The benefits of exercise for osteoarthritis
Exercise interventions to manage osteoarthritis
Aerobic exercise and osteoarthritis
Resistance exercise and osteoarthritis
Aquatic exercise and osteoarthritis
Aerobic, resistance, or aquatic exercise?
Cautions and safety concerns regarding exercise
Challenges with exercise prescription in patient management
References
Chapter 22: Exercise before and after orthopedic surgery
Abstract
Introduction
Improving fitness before orthopedic surgery
Exercise after orthopedic surgery
Shoulder conditions
Rotator cuff disease
Shoulder replacement
Hip
Knee arthroscopy
ACL reconstruction
Hip and knee replacement
References
Chapter 23: Exercise in stroke
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise in stroke
Safety while exercising following stroke
What types of exercise and how much exercise should people do after stroke?
Task-specific training
Strength exercises
Balance exercises
Flexibility exercises
Aerobic exercises
Challenges to exercise following stroke
Evaluation
Clinical practice recommendations for exercise prescribers
Conclusion
References
Chapter 24: Chronic respiratory diseases and physical exercise
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise in CRD
Conclusion
References
Chapter 25: Exercise in cancer
Abstract
Introduction to cancer
General cancer exercise guidelines—Clinical practice recommendations for exercise prescribers
Lung cancer
Treatment-related side effects
Lung cancer and exercise—Clinical practice recommendations for exercise prescribers
Pulmonary function
Exercise recommendations
Conclusion
References
Chapter 26: Exercise in the management of motor neuron disease
Abstract
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
MND phenotypes
Clinical presentation and diagnosis
Current medical treatments
Prognosis
Exercise and MND
Conclusion
References
Chapter 27: Tai Chi exercise to improve balance and prevent falls among older people with dementia
Abstract
Introduction
Tai chi exercise to prevent falls in dementia
Exercise interventions
Conclusion
References
Chapter 28: Osteosarcopenia and exercise
Abstract
Background
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Risk factors
Clinical outcomes
Definition and clinical assessment
Management of osteosarcopenia: A focus on exercise and nutrition
Overview of exercise in musculoskeletal syndromes and disease
Mechanism of effect—Progressive resistance training (PRT)
Mechanism of effect—Balance training
Safety, precautions and adverse effects
Potential adverse effects of exercise
Potential adverse effects of exercise in older persons with osteosarcopenia
Clinical practice recommendations for exercise prescribers
Future considerations and conclusion
Glossary of exercise terminology
References
Chapter 29: Exercise and older adults receiving home care services
Abstract
Introduction
Exercise and physical activity for older adults receiving home care services
Cautions/safety
Advice for health professionals
References
Chapter 30: Exercise in Parkinson’s disease
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Exercise in disease
Conclusion
Glossary
References
Chapter 31: Exercise and Alzheimer’s disease
Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Clinical manifestations
Exercise
Exercise and cognitive function
Vascular function
Physical functioning
Behavioral and psychological symptoms
Exercise and quality of life
Safety and exercise
Summary of the benefits of exercise
Conclusion
References
Chapter 32: Exercise and the elderly: Gait and balance
Abstract
Introduction
The epidemiology of aging-related falls
Changes to gait with aging
Aging effects on balance and tripping
Exercise interventions for falls prevention
Technology-based exercise interventions
Summary and recommendations
References
Chapter 33: Exercise and cognition in aging
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Benefits of exercise for cognition in aging
Clinical practice recommendations for exercise prescribers
Conclusion
References
Index

Jack Feehan

Dr. Jack Feehan completed his Bachelor of Clinical Sciences and Master of Health Science (Osteopathy) at Victoria University. Afterwards he was lucky enough to gain a prestigious research scholarship at Melbourne University where he is investigating potential new treatments for osteoporosis and other degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Jack enjoys treating patients from all walks of life – from expectant mothers, to athletes, to the elderly and believes Osteopathy can play a key role in maintenance of an active, healthy life. Jack has done additional training in Dry Needling, and both sports and kinesiotape, all of which he uses extensively in practice. Jack has a keen interest in the management of chronic complaints, as well as a long history of working with athletes and dancers and enjoys the challenge and reward of working to tailor individual approaches to ensure the best outcomes for his patients.

Affiliations and expertise

Sessional Lecturer, Victoria University, Osteopath, Camberwell Osteopathic Clinic, Melbourne, Australia

Nicholas Tripodi

Nicholas Tripodi graduated from Victoria University with a Bachelor of Science and a Masters of Health Science (Osteopathy) and is a fully qualified and registered Osteopath with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) and Osteopathy Australia. He is also a qualified strength and conditioning coach. A keen triathlete himself, Nicholas has a strong interest in treating and rehabilitating all forms of sporting injuries, which he has gained through working with many athletes, both amateur and professional. He also has an interest in the effects of nutrition on musculoskeletal injures and physical health in general. He is also proficient in screening and analysis of cycling, swimming and strength training-related injuries. Nicholas very committed to continuing and improving his professional education; he is employed as a lecturer at Victoria University and regularly attends sports medicine conferences and courses.

Affiliations and expertise

Osteopath, Competitive Sports Clinic, Melbourne, Australia

Vasso Apostolopoulos

Over 25 years experience in research and research training in the area of vaccine formulations development for chronic diseases with translational focus. In addition, extensive clinical research background, translating research from in vitro to animal models to human clinical trials to commercialization, and expertise with consulting and being on the board of pharmaceutical companies. Research has been multidisciplinary in the areas of, immunology, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, crystallography, antigen delivery systems, vaccine design, neurology, clinical research, drug development and commercialization. Over 450 publications in immunology and/or vaccines, 18 patents and over 80 sub-patents and is an editor or on the editorial board of a number of journals. A selection of 20 articles are shown below published in the last 1 year.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor and Vice Chancellor, Research Partnerships; Program Leader – Mechanisms and Interventions in Health and Disease, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia