Introduction (M. Iwu).
1. Drugs from nature: past achievements, future prospects (G. Cragg, D.J. Newman).
2. Natural products for high throughput screening (A.L. Harvey).
3. Medical ethnobotanical research as a method to identify bioactive plants to treat infectious diseases (T.J.S. Carlson).
4. Development of Herbmed®, an interactive, evidence-based herbal database (J. Wootton).
5. Natural products: a continuing source of inspiration for the medicinal chemist (S. Mbua Ngale Efange).
6. Integrating African ethnomedicine into primary healthcare: a framework for South-Eastern Nigeria (Chioma Obijiofor).
7. Current initiatives in the protection of indigenous and local community knowledge; problems, concepts and lessons for the future (R. Lettington).
8. Bioprospecting: using Africa's genetic resources as a new basis for economic development and regional cooperation (A. Onugu).
9. Balancing conservation with utilization: restoring populations of commercially valuable medicinal herbs in forests and agroforests (R.A. Cech).
10. Ethnomedicine of the Cherokee: historical and current applications (J. Joé).
11. Traditional medicines and the new paradigm of psychotropic drug action (E. Elisabetsky).
12. Drug discovery through ethnobotany in Nigeria: some results (J.I. Okogun).
13. Plants, products and people: Southern African perspectives (N. Gericke).
14. Development of antimalarial agents and drugs from parasitic infections based on leads from traditional medicine: the Walter Reed experience (B.G. Schuster).
15. Health foods in anti-aging therapy: reducers of physiological decline and degenerative diseases (L. Meserole).
16. Indigenous peoples and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles: definitions under article 8(j) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (K. Moran).
17. Garcinia kola a new look at an old adaptogenic agent (M.M. Iwu, A. Duncan Diop, L. Meserole, C.O. Okunji).
18. Linking intellectual property rights with traditional medicine (M.A. Gollin).
19. The use of conservation trust funds for sharing financial benefits in bioprospecting projects (M. Guerin-McManus, K.C. Nnadozie, S.A. Laird).
20. The regulation of botanicals as drugs and dietary supplements in Europe (J. Grunewald).
21. Regulation of herbal medicines in Nigeria: the role of the National Agency for Food Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) (G.E. Osuide).
22. Considerations in the development of public standards for botanicals and their dosage forms (V. Srini Srinivasan).
23. The Belize Ethnobotany Project: safeguarding medicinal plants and traditional knowledge in Belize (M.J. Balick, R. Arvigo, G. Shropshire, J. Walker, D. Campbell, L. Romero).
24. Ethnobotanical research into the 21st Century (S. Tarka Nelson-Harrison, S.R. King, C. Limbach, C. Jackson, A. Galiwango, Sirimani Kisingi Kato, B.R. Kanyerezi).
25. Ethnobotanical approach to pharmaceutical drug discovery: strengths and limitations (M.M. Iwu).