Essentials of Mental Health

1st Edition - October 30, 2024
Authors: Jahangir Moini, Anthony LoGalbo, Amparo Gutierrez, Patrick J. Aragon
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 3 1 3 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 3 1 2 - 9

Essentials of Mental Health is an authoritative guide designed to provide comprehensive mental health knowledge that caters to professionals and students alike. The book review… Read more

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Essentials of Mental Health is an authoritative guide designed to provide comprehensive mental health knowledge that caters to professionals and students alike. The book reviews major mental disorders, including mood, anxiety, and personality disorders, as well as conditions like schizophrenia and sleep-wake disorders. Each disorder has specific symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and case studies to illustrate real-world applications. Special populations, such as older adults, women, children, and cultural minorities are given focused attention, underscoring unique mental health challenges and considerations. The book concludes with a comprehensive section on treatment options, ranging from hospital psychiatry to community-based services and psychotherapy techniques.

It is a well-rounded resource that equips readers with the latest insights and practical tools for effective mental health care and intervention.

Essentials of Mental Health
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
About the authors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I: Overview of mental health
Chapter 1 Introduction
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Mental health problems
Preserving mental health
Early warning signs of mental problems
Substance abuse and mental health
Lack of mental health education
The need for more mental health facilities
Further reading
Chapter 2 Neurotransmitters and mental health
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Types of neurotransmitters
Biogenic amines
Dopamine
Amino acids
Peptides
Purines
Acetylcholine
Functional considerations
Further reading
Chapter 3 Epidemiology of mental disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
World population and mental disorders
Psychiatric epidemiology
Prevalence
Estimates of prevalence in emergency settings
Mental disorders distribution by gender and race
Incidence by gender and race
Incidence rate
Relationship between incidence and prevalence
Disability-adjusted life years
Morbidity and mortality
Burden of mental disorders
Prevention of mental disorders
Further reading
Part II: Major mental disorders
Chapter 4 Mood disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Major depressive disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Dysthymia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Unspecified depressive disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Treatment
Prognosis
Loneliness
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar I disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Bipolar II disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Cyclothymic disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 5 Anxiety disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Generalized anxiety disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Panic disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Social anxiety disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Separation anxiety disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Selective mutism
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Specific phobia
Agoraphobia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Zoophobia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Acrophobia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Astraphobia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Acute stress disorders
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Effects of childhood trauma
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 6 Obsessive-compulsive disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Obsessive-compulsive neurosis
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Body dysmorphic disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Hoarding disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Trichotillomania
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Excoriation disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Tic disorders
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 7 Dissociative disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Dissociative amnesia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Dissociative identity disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Depersonalization-derealization disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 8 Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Schizophrenia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Simple schizophrenia
Paranoid schizophrenia
Catatonic schizophrenia
Hebephrenic schizophrenia
Residual schizophrenia
Schizoaffective disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Schizophreniform disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Brief psychotic disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Delusional disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 9 Personality disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Antisocial personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Borderline personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Histrionic personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Narcissistic personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Avoidant personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Dependent personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Paranoid personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Schizoid personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Schizotypal personality disorder
Signs and symptoms
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 10 Sleep-wake disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Physiology of sleep
Insomnia
Circadian rhythm disorders
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Sleep apnea
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Parasomnias
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Narcolepsy
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Restless legs syndrome
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 11 Sexuality, gender dysphoria, and paraphilias
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Sexual physiology
Human female sexuality
Sexual desire disorder
Sexual arousal disorder
Orgasmic disorder
Vaginismus
Dyspareunia
Persistent genital arousal disorder
Human male sexuality
Premature ejaculation
Ejaculatory dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction
Homosexuality
Gender dysphoria
Clinical manifestations
Epidemiology
Etiology and risk factors
Paraphilias
Voyeurism
Exhibitionism
Sexual masochism disorder
Sexual sadism disorder
Transvestic disorder
Pedophilia
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 12 Substance-use disorders
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Alcohol use disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Tobacco use disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Chronic sedative and hypnotic use
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Opioid use disorder
Signs and symptoms
Epidemiology
Etiology and risk factors
The fentanyl crisis
Stimulant use disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Hallucinogen use disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Cannabis use disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Anabolic steroid use disorder
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Clinical cases
Further reading
Part III: Mental disorders in special population groups
Chapter 13 Older adults and mental health issues
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Isolation
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Anxiety disorders
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Mild cognitive impairment
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Dementia
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Delirium
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Psychosis
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Agitation
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Obsessive behavior
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Sleep and behavioral disorders
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Sexuality and aging
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Misuse of alcohol or drugs
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Suicide and suicide attempts
Signs and symptoms
Etiology and risk factors
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Ethics in geriatric mental health
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 14 Women and mental health issues
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Prevalence and incidence
Substance-induced disorders
Insomnia
Anxiety
Depression
Prenatal and postpartum depression
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Somatoform disorders
Schizophrenia
Bipolar disorder
Menopause and mental disorders
Suicidal behavior
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 15 Children, adolescents, and mental health issues
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Prevalence and incidence
Economic realities
Effects of culture
Behavior problems
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Autism spectrum disorders
Depression
Anxiety
Oppositional defiant disorder
Conduct disorder
Intellectual disability
Eating disorders
Violence, suicides, and homicides
Prevention and promotion
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 16 Cultural factors in minorities
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Nationality and culture
Language and culture
Gender and culture
Sexual orientation and culture
Race and culture
Religion and culture
Personality and culture
Values and culture
Attitudes and cultural beliefs
Mental health in minorities and culture
African Americans
Latino Americans
Asian Americans
Native Americans
Immigrants
Refugees
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 17 The homelessness crisis
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Epidemiology
Causes of homelessness
Social factors
Social barriers
Institutional barriers
Incarceration barriers
Personal factors
Alcohol abuse
Drug addiction
Illness and disability
Physical and sexual abuse
Unemployment
Depression and homelessness
Anxiety and homelessness
Posttraumatic stress disorder and homelessness
Bipolar disorder and homelessness
Schizophrenia and homelessness
Risks of infection and homelessness
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 18 Suicides and homicides
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Epidemiology
Traumatic brain injury and suicide
Chronic pain, opioids, and suicide
Alcohol and suicide
Suicide attempts and completed suicide
Schizophrenia and homicide
Traumatic brain injury and homicide
Dementia and homicide
Clinical cases
Further reading
Part IV: Mental health treatment
Chapter 19 Hospital psychiatry
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Types of mental hospitals
General and mental health hospitals
The geriatric unit
The adult unit
The adolescent unit
The pediatric unit
Community psychiatry
Psychiatric hospital
The future of hospital psychiatry
Health education and promotion
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 20 Community mental health
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Residential mental health treatment centers
Alcohol and drug rehabilitation facilities
Nursing home facilities
Partial hospitalization
Outpatient mental health treatment
Dual diagnosis treatment
Programs and support groups
Family support
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 21 Psychotherapy
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Psychoanalysis
Humanistic therapy
Interpersonal psychotherapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Acceptance and commitment therapy
Integrative psychotherapy
Clinical cases
Further reading
Chapter 22 Prevention of mental health crises
Abstract
Keywords
Overview
Building resilience
Healthy coping strategies
Enriching activities and social connections
Sense of productivity or self-worth
Attention to the mental health crisis
Further reading
Glossary
Appendix A Answer key to clinical cases
Chapter 1—Introduction
Chapter 2—Determinants of mental health
Chapter 3—Epidemiology of mental disorders
Chapter 4—Mood disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 5—Anxiety disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 6—Obsessive-compulsive disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 7—Dissociative disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 8—Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 9—Personality disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Clinical case 4
Chapter 10—Sleep-wake disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 11—Sexuality, gender dysphoria, and paraphilias
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Clinical case 4
Chapter 12—Substance-use disorders
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 13—Older adults and mental health issues
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 14—Women and mental health issues
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 15—Children, adolescents, and mental health issues
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 16—Cultural factors and minorities
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 17—The homelessness crisis
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 18—Suicides and homicides
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 19—Hospital psychiatry
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 20—Community mental health
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 21—Psychotherapy
Clinical case 1
Clinical case 2
Clinical case 3
Chapter 22—Prevention of mental health crises
Index

Jahangir Moini

Dr. Moini was assistant professor at Tehran University, Medical School, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, for nine years. For 15 years, he was the Director of Science and Health for Everest University in Melbourne FL. He was also a Professor of Science and Health at Everest for a total of 24 years. For 6 years, until his retirement, he was a Professor of Science and Health at Eastern Florida State College. Dr. Moini has been actively teaching for 39 years, and for 23 years, has been an international author of 56 books (including 11 books for Elsevier).

Affiliations and expertise

Retired Professor of Science and Health, Eastern Florida State College, Palm Bay, FL, USA

Anthony LoGalbo

Dr. LoGalbo is a Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist and Associate Professor in the School of Psychology at Florida Tech in Melbourne, Florida, where he teaches graduate coursework and conducts applied research in the clinical psychology (PsyD) program. He is also the clinical director and primary supervisor of Florida Tech's Sports Concussion Management Program, and the clinical neuropsychology director at the Health First Florida Memory Disorder Clinic. Previously, he was in clinical practice at Florida Hospital (AdventHealth) in Orlando, serving both inpatients and outpatients through the Neuroscience Institute and Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Educationally, he earned a PhD in medical/clinical psychology with a focus on neuropsychology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Florida Institute of Technology, School of Psychology, FL, USA

Amparo Gutierrez

Dr. Gutierrez is a neurologist with the Orlando Health Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Institute Neurology Group. She is a Diplomat of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, American Board of Electrodiagnostic Medicine, and American Board of Neuromuscular Medicine. She also is a fellow of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons and American Academy of Neurology. Dr. Gutierrez earned her medical degree from East Central University in the Dominican Republic. Her extensive post-graduate training includes a residency in adult psychiatry at St. Vincent’s Medical Center, New York; neurology residency at Louisiana State University (LSU), New Orleans; child psychiatry fellowship at St. Luke’s–Roosevelt Hospital, New York; and clinical neurophysiology fellowship, LSU School of Medicine. In 2010 Dr. Gutierrez was a founding member of the ALS Multidisciplinary Clinic at LSU Health Science Center. She worked collaboratively with the Muscular Dystrophy Association and ALS Association providing care to patients and their families. She has been the principal investigator for many research trials related to MS with more than 20 years of clinical experience with MS and has held leadership roles with the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.

Affiliations and expertise

Neurologist, The Orlando Health Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Institute Neurology Group, FL, USA

Patrick J. Aragon

As a licensed psychologist in Melbourne, Florida, I am dedicated to providing compassionate and high quality services that promote growth and development. I offer therapy and brief assessment to individuals of all ages, and tailor treatment to the needs of my clients. I work with a variety of clinical needs, ranging from adjustment difficulties to clinical depression. Additionally, I have thorough experience in the treatment of anxiety, and substance use and treatment. I have experience in treating a wide range of populations and offer individual, and couples-based therapy. I provide therapy in the warmest environment at Beachside Counseling & Wellness, and offer services that are confidential and private. My specialty is working with adolescents and adults. I've also helped folks seeking services for motivation in various aspects of their lives, such as health & wellness, and stress-based changes.

Affiliations and expertise

Florida Institute of Technology and Be Well Counseling, USA

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Essentials of Mental Health

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Jahangir Moini

Anthony LoGalbo

Amparo Gutierrez

Patrick J. Aragon