Back to School Savings: Save up to 30% on print books and eBooks. No promo code needed.
Back to School Savings: Save up to 30%
Environmental Control of Plant Growth
1st Edition - January 28, 1963
Editor: L.T. Evans
eBook ISBN:9780323149211
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 9 2 1 - 1
Environmental Control of Plant Growth consists of the proceedings of a symposium held at Canberra, Australia, in August 1962. The symposium aims to consider the natural… Read more
Purchase Options
Save 50% on book bundles
Immediately download your ebook while waiting for your print delivery. No promo code is needed.
Environmental Control of Plant Growth consists of the proceedings of a symposium held at Canberra, Australia, in August 1962. The symposium aims to consider the natural microenvironments of plants and the associations between natural and controlled environments. It also considers the physiological and genetic bases of responses by plants to environmental conditions. The book contains 24 chapters and discusses the physics of plant environment, as well as the physical quantities within plant-air layers. It also elucidates the energy and water balance, light relations, gas exchange, and energy relations in plant communities. The book also looks into the respiration of various organs and of whole plants. Lastly, the effects of the environment, including “climatic factors,” on the metabolism of plant cells are addressed.
Chapter 1 The Concept of a Phytotron
Chapter 2 The Physics of Plant Environments
I. Natural and Artificial Environments
II . Environmental Factors, Macro- and Microenvironments
III. The Physics of Environment
IV. Macroenvironments
V. The Energy Balance and the Water Balance
VI. Radiation
VII. Heat Transfer in Soils
VIII. Heat Transfer in Air
IX. The Partition of Energy
X. The Water Balance
XI. The Influence of Vegetation
XII. Concluding Remarks
XIII. Note on Symbols and Units
References
Chapter 3 The Environment of Plant Surfaces
I. Profiles of Physical Quantities within Plant-Air Layers
II. Exchange of Physical Quantities Directly at Plant Surfaces
III. Conclusions
References
Discussion
Chapter 4 Climatic Control of Plant Water Relations
I. Factors Which Affect the Base Level of Internal Water Status
II. Factors Which Affect Diurnal Changes of Internal Water Status
III. The Magnitude of the Total Internal Water Deficit
References
Discussion
Chapter 5 Energy and Water Balance of Plant Communities
I. Radiation Exchange
II. The Water Balance
III. Photosynthesis and Water-Use Efficiency
References
Discussion
Chapter 6 Light Relations In Plant Communities
I. Instruments for Measuring Light Intensity
II . Light Intensities Under Plant Communities
III. Light Profiles and Competition for Light
IV. Leaf-Area Index, Extinction Coefficient, and Relative Light Intensity
V. Leaf Arrangement and Light Relations
VI. Measured and Impinging Light Intensity
References
Discussion
Chapter 7 Gas Exchange in Plant Communities
I. Perspective
II. Equivalent Circuits
III. External Resistance Above the Canopy
IV. External Resistance Below the Canopy
V. Stomatal Resistance
VI. Resistances of the Photosynthetic System
VII. Conclusions
References
Discussion
Chapter 8 Climatic Control of Photosynthesis and Respiration
I. Processes Limiting Photosynthesis of Leaves Under Natural Conditions
II. Actual and Potential Rates of the Photochemical Process in Leaves
III. Comparison of the Potential Rate of the Photochemical Process With That of the Diffusion Process in Leaves
IV. Diffusion Resistance in Leaves
V. Light Utilization by Field Crops
VI. Limitation of Photosynthesis of Field Crops by the Capacity of the Diffusion Process
VII. Respiration of Field Crops
References
Discussion
Chapter 9 Energy Relations in Plant Communities
I. Eddy Transfer
II . Similarity Principle
III . Wind-Profile or Aerodynamic Method
IV. Richardson Number
V. Energy Balance
VI. Within the Plant-Air Layer
Chapter 10 Effect of Climate on the Distribution and Translocation of Assimilates
I. Distribution of Materials in Plants
II . Effect of Climate on Translocation and Distribution
III. Conclusion
References
Discussion
Chapter 11 The Mediation of Climatic Effects through Endogenous Regulating Substances
I. Climatic Regulation of Growth in Trees
II . Climatic Regulation of Tuberization
III . Climatic Regulation of Bolting and Flowering
IV. Effect of Climatic Factors Upon the Metabolism of Growth Substances
V. Conclusion
References
Discussion
Chapter 12 Effects of Environment on Metabolic Patterns
I. Environmental Factors Which Induce Active Growth and Modify Metabolism
II. Metabolic Effects of Environment on Mint
III. Some Other Light- and C02-Mediated Metabolic Patterns
IV. Environment and the Composition of Banana Fruit
V. Environment and Metabolism in the Tulip
VI. Arginine Metabolism: Some Effects of Environmental Factors
VII. Some Effects of Environment on the Metabolism of Conifers
VIII. Effects of Day length and Night Temperature on Soluble Nitrogen Compounds of Peas
IX. Conclusion
References
Discussion
Chapter 13 Endogenous Rhythms in Controlled Environments
I. The Biological Clock
II. Evidence that the Biological Clock Involves Endogenous Rhythms
III. Endogenous Rhythms and Photoperiodism
IV. Endogenous Rhythms and Controlled Environments
References
Discussion
Chapter 14 Control of Plant Growth by Light
I. Action Spectra
II. Phytochrome Reversibility
III. Phytochrome as an Enzyme
IV. Detection by Differential Spectrophotometry
V. Separation of Phytochrome
VI. Some Properties of Phytochrome in Vitro
VII. The Chromophoric Group
VIII. Approaches to Time Measurement
IX. Overlap of Absorbancies of ?660 and ?730
X. The Nature of Long- and Short-Day Plants
XI. Concerning the Flowering of Pharbitis nil and Kalanchoe
XII. Phytochrome in the Relation of Plants to the Environment
XIII . A Way into the Immediate Future
References
Discussion
Chapter 15 Climatic Control of Germination, Bud Break, and Dormancy
I. Temperature Ranges for Seed Germination and Bud Break in Relation to Changes in Growth Activity
II . Loss of Ability To Develop at High Temperatures
III . Loss of Ability to Develop at Low Temperatures
IV. Other Factors Which Affect the Temperature Limits for Germination and Bud Break
V. Control of Seed Germination and Bud Break in Cultivated Plants
References
Discussion
Chapter 16 Climatic Control of Reproductive Development
I. Temperature
II . Daylength
III . Differentiation
IV. Conclusion
References
Discussion
Chapter 17 Morphogenese Responses to Climate
I. The Growing Point
II . Leaf Initiation and Growth
III. Leaf Shape
IV. Stem Growth
V. Secondary Morphogenese Effects
VI. Mechanisms
References
Discussion
Chapter 18 Climate, Weather, and Plant Yield
I. Climate and Yield
II . Weather and Yield
III . Dependence of Physiological Determinants of Yield on Climate and Weather
IV. Experimental Control of Climate and Weather
V. Suggestions for Future Work
References
Discussion
Chapter 19 Hardiness and the Survival of Extremes: A Uniform System for Measuring Resistance and Its Two Components
I. The Measurement of Drought Resistance
II. Use of Equations for Other Kinds of Resistance
References
Discussion
Chapter 20 The Genetic Basis of Climatic Response
I. Homeostasis
II. Heterosis as a Genotype-Environment Interaction
III. The Genetic Basis of Adaptive Flexibility
IV. Genetic Assimilation
V. Phenotypic Breakdown in Unbalanced and Extreme Environments
VI. Conclusion
References
Discussion
Chapter 21 Species and Population Differences in Climatic Response
I. Patterns of Climatic Variation
II. Physiological Basis of Climatic Response
III. Genetic Control of Climatic Responses
IV. Conclusions
References
Discussion
Chapter 22 Achievements, Challenges, and Limitations of Phytotrons
I. Thermoperiodism
II. Cyclic Fluctuations of the Environment
III . Individual Developmental Processes
IV . Persistent Effects of Environment
V . Phytotrons and Their Uses
VI . Categories of Environmental Effects
VII . The Chemical Cure of Climatic Lesions
VIII . The Control of Sex Expression in Cucurbits
IX . Limitations of Phytotrons
References
Discussion
Chapter 23 Extrapolation from Controlled Environments to the Field