Environmental Consequences and Management of Coastal Industries

Terms and Concepts

1st Edition, Volume 3 - November 11, 2023
Authors: Michael Elliott, Andrew Wither
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 7 5 2 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 7 5 3 - 2

Environmental Consequences and Management of Coastal Industries: Terms and Concepts covers the engineering, natural and social sciences aspects related to coastal power plants an… Read more

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Environmental Consequences and Management of Coastal Industries: Terms and Concepts covers the engineering, natural and social sciences aspects related to coastal power plants and their operation and management. The book gives background to featured problems and solutions, making it relevant to power plants in all global situations and giving practitioners what they need to assess environmental consequences. In addition, the book indicates, defines and illustrates the terms and concepts used worldwide. This is important as engineers and scientists often have an imperfect understanding of the requirements of each other, and similar (in some cases identical) terms may have very different meanings.

Users will find this to be a simple and accessible guide to the terminology used and concepts covered. Individual entries are complete in themselves, but still cross referenced to other entries where additional information may be found. This provides quick-and-easy access to the required information.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributing authors
Acknowledgments
Note from the editors and contributors
Introduction
The environmental framework
Roles and responsibility of industry
Management response
Achieving solutions—Management actions and spatial scales
An integrated model
References
Section 1 Science background
Introduction
Science background: 1 Role and adequacy of science
Science background: 2 Argument mapping
Science background: 3 Systems analysis and conceptual models
Science background: 4 Estuaries
Science background: 5 Lagoons
Science background: 6 Hydrodynamics of the system
Science background: 7 Physical terms—Sea level and tides
Science background: 8 Physical terms—Currents and waves
Science background: 9 Numerical hydrodynamic modeling
Science background: 10 Sediment terms
Science background: 11 Geomorphological terms
Science background: 12 Carrying capacity of systems
Science background: 13 Micro-, meio-, macro-, and mega-fauna and flora
Science background: 14 Epiflora, epiphytes, and sessile and mobile epifauna and infauna
Science background: 15 Plankton
Science background: 16 Ichthyoplankton
Science background: 17 Non-indigenous, alien, invasive, and other non-native species (NIS, AIS)
Science background: 18 Colonization by non-native organisms
Science background: 19 Mechanical, thermal, and chemical stressors
Science background: 20 Baseline and reference conditions
Science background: 21 Causes of and solutions to estuarine, coastal, and marine degradation
Science background: 22 Ecosystem restoration
Science background: 23 Ecohydrology and ecoengineering
Science background: 24 Ecosystem resilience, resistance, recovery
Science background: 25 Climate change and its effects
Science background: 26 Phenology
Section 2 Fisheries terms
Introduction
Fisheries terms: 27 Precautionary principle and approach
Fisheries terms: 28 Spawning-stock biomass (SSB or B)
Fisheries terms: 29 Recruitment
Fisheries terms: 30 Fishing mortality (F)
Fisheries terms: 31 Catch per unit effort (cpue)
Fisheries terms: 32 Maximum sustainable yield (MSY)
Fisheries terms: 33 Total allowable catch (TAC)
Fisheries terms: 34 Reference points
Fisheries terms: 35 Fisheries management
Section 3 Impacts and assessment
Introduction
Impacts and assessment: 36 Environmental assessment
Impacts and assessment: 37 Marine processes and human impacts
Impacts and assessment: 38 Biological and ecosystem health
Impacts and assessment: 39 Activity-, pressures-, effects- and management response-footprints
Impacts and assessment: 40 Hazards and risk
Impacts and assessment: 41 Interactions between the industrial plant and the marine system
Impacts and assessment: 42 Water and substratum quality considerations
Impacts and assessment: 43 Eutrophication and organic wastes
Impacts and assessment: 44 Determination of a significant effect
Impacts and assessment: 45 Standards, objectives, indicators
Impacts and assessment: 46 Temporal and spatial physical scales
Impacts and assessment: 47 Appropriate assessment—Habitats regulations assessment, habitat risk assessment
Impacts and assessment: 48 Ecotoxicology assessment
Impacts and assessment: 49 Underwater sound
Section 4 Cooling water
Introduction
Cooling water: 50 Cooling water and direct cooling
Cooling water: 51 Water abstraction
Cooling water: 52 Cooling water discharge guidelines
Section 5 Impingement and entrainment
Introduction
Impingement and entrainment: 53 Source and receiving waters
Impingement and entrainment: 54 Impingement of biota
Impingement and entrainment: 55 Stationary trawlers
Impingement and entrainment: 56 Equivalent adult value (EAV)
Impingement and entrainment: 57 Acoustic fish deterrent (AFD)
Impingement and entrainment: 58 Fish recovery and return (FRR)
Impingement and entrainment: 59 Disposal of impinged material
Impingement and entrainment: 60 Entrainment (biota)
Section 6 Biofouling
Introduction
Biofouling: 61 Microbial and macrobial fouling
Biofouling: 62 Settlement of planktonic organisms
Biofouling: 63 Peak times of settlement by fouling organisms
Biofouling: 64 Biology of fouling organisms
Biofouling: 65 Antifouling measures
Biofouling: 66 Biofouling control by chlorination
Biofouling: 67 BioBullets
Biofouling: 68 Heat treatment
Biofouling: 69 Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC)
Section 7 Chemicals
Introduction
Chemicals: 70 Biocides
Chemicals: 71 Chlorination chemistry
Chemicals: 72 Electro-chlorination plants (ECPs)
Chemicals: 73 Continuous and pulse dosing
Chemicals: 74 Non-oxidizing residuals
Chemicals: 75 Chemicals which may be prohibited for discharge
Chemicals: 76 Microbial pathogens—Chemical interactions
Chemicals: 77 Corrosion control: Oxygen scavengers
Section 8 Discharge plumes
Introduction
Discharge plumes: 78 Plume characteristics and behavior
Discharge plumes: 79 Scouring of the seabed
Discharge plumes: 80 Impingement and entrainment (physical)
Discharge plumes: 81 Regulatory mixing zone
Discharge plumes: 82 Thermal tolerances of organisms
Discharge plumes: 83 Temperature thresholds which determine spawning times
Discharge plumes: 84 Thermal plume constituents (excluding heat)
Discharge plumes: 85 Salinity tolerances of organisms
Section 9 Monitoring
Introduction
Monitoring: 86 Management framework monitoring types and definitions
Monitoring: 87 Survey, experimental and modeling approaches
Monitoring: 88 Coastal plant environmental monitoring
Monitoring: 89 Compliance monitoring
Section 10 Management background
Introduction
Management background: 90 Sustainable environmental management
Management background: 91 Marine, coastal, and estuarine activities
Management background: 92 Endogenic managed pressures and exogenic unmanaged pressures
Management background: 93 Cause-consequence-response frameworks (DPSIR, DAPSI(W)R(M) approaches)
Management background: 94 Socioecological system—Ecosystem services and societal goods and benefits
Section 11 Governance and management
Introduction
Governance and management: 95 Governance of the coastal and marine environment
Governance and management: 96 Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)
Governance and management: 97 Administrative and regulatory aspects
Governance and management: 98 Nature conservation designations
Governance and management: 99 Environmental and operational managers
Governance and management: 100 Nature conservation bodies
Governance and management: 101 Discharge consent, permit, license, authorizations
Governance and management: 102 Breaching regulations
Governance and management: 103 UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED); Convention for Biological Diversity (CBD)
Governance and management: 104 Mitigation, amelioration, enhancement, compensation
Governance and management: 105 Sustainable solutions
Governance and management: 106 Ecological, socioecological, and socioeconomic valuation
Governance and management: 107 Habitats and species legislation—Example of the EU Directive
Governance and management: 108 Integrated management of catchment, transitional and coastal waters
Governance and management: 109 Integrated marine management
Governance and management: 110 BAT, BATNEEC, best practice, and Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Governance and management: 111 Marine infrastructure environmental management
Governance and Management: 112 Marine licenses and Maritime Spatial Planning
Governance and Management: 113 Land-based infrastructural development—Planning process
Index

Michael Elliott

Mike Elliott is the Professor of Estuarine and Coastal Sciences at the University of Hull, UK and also the Director of International Estuarine & Coastal Specialists Ltd. He is a marine biologist with a wide experience and interests and his teaching, research, advisory and consultancy includes estuarine and marine ecology, policy, governance and management. Mike has published widely, co-authoring/co-editing 19 books/proceedings and >300 scientific publications. He has advised on many environmental matters for academia, industry, government and statutory bodies worldwide and is a member of many national and international committees linking marine science to policy. Mike is a past-President of the international Estuarine & Coastal Sciences Association (ECSA) and is a Co-Editor-in-Chief of the international journal Estuarine, Coastal & Shelf Science; he currently is or has had Adjunct Professor and Research positions at several universities and research institutes.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Estuarine and Coastal Sciences, University of Hull, UK

Andrew Wither

Andrew Wither read Chemistry and Oceanography at the University of Liverpool. He joined a team at the Mersey and Weaver River Authority charged with tackling a legacy of industrial pollution with the aim of restoring major estuaries including the Mersey – then regarded as the most polluted waterway in Europe. On formation of the National Rivers Authority he assumed the rôle of Marine and Special Projects Manger. In this role he added to his portfolio research into sources and means of alleviating microbial pollution in coastal waters. He then spent a decade as Principal Marine Scientist with the Environment Agency (England and Wales). It was during this time that he took a leading role in developing environmental standards for the new generation of Nuclear Power Stations. He is currently a Visiting Research Scientist at the National Oceanography Centre in Liverpool.

Affiliations and expertise

Visiting Research Scientist, National Oceanography Centre in Liverpool, UK

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health