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Emerging Nanotechnologies in Dentistry

2nd Edition - October 30, 2017

Editors: Karthikeyan Subramani, Waqar Ahmed

Hardback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 2 2 9 1 - 4

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 2 2 9 2 - 1

Emerging Nanotechnologies in Dentistry, Second Edition, brings together an international team of experts from the fields of materials science, nanotechnology and dentistry to… Read more

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Emerging Nanotechnologies in Dentistry, Second Edition, brings together an international team of experts from the fields of materials science, nanotechnology and dentistry to explain these new materials and their applications for the restoration, fixation, replacement or regeneration of hard and soft tissues in and about the oral cavity and craniofacial region.

New nanomaterials are leading to a range of emerging dental treatments that utilize more biomimetic materials that more closely duplicate natural tooth structure (or bone, in the case of implants). Each chapter has been comprehensively revised from the first edition, and new chapters cover important advances in graphene based materials for dentistry, liposome based nanocarriers and the neurotoxicity of nanomaterials used in dentistry.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of Contributors
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Nanotechnology and its applications in dentistry—An introduction
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Nanotechnology Approaches
1.3 Nanotechnology to Nanomanufacturing
1.4 Nanodentistry
1.5 Future Directions and Conclusions
References
Chapter 2. Nanoparticles for dental materials: Synthesis, analysis, and applications
Abstract
2.1 Introduction: Why Use Nanoparticles?
2.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles
2.3 Examples of Dental Materials Using Nanoparticles
2.4 Selected Properties of Dental Materials Containing Nanoparticles
2.5 Clinical Experience With Dental Materials Containing Nanoparticles
2.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3. Antimicrobial nanoparticles in restorative composites
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Antibacterial Restorative Composites
3.3 Antimicrobial Macromolecules
3.4 Nanoparticles
3.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4. Nanotechnology in operative dentistry: A perspective approach of history, mechanical behavior, and clinical application
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Historical Review: Nanotechnology Applications in Operative Dentistry
4.3 Biomimetics
4.4 Nanotechnology in CAD/CAM
4.5 Fillers in Composite Resins
4.6 SEM and EDS Evaluations
4.7 Filler Weight Content (wt%)
4.8 Water Sorption
4.9 Mechanical Behavior
4.10 Clinical Application
4.11 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5. Impact of nanotechnology on dental implants
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Nanoscale Surface Modifications
5.3 Interactions of Surface Dental Implants With Blood
5.4 Interactions Between Surfaces and MSCs
5.5 Tissue Integration
5.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6. Titanium surface modification techniques for dental implants—From microscale to nanoscale
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Titanium Surface Modification Methods
6.3 Recent Techniques
6.4 Limitations & Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 7. Titanium nanotubes as carriers of osteogenic growth factors and antibacterial drugs for applications in dental implantology
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Titanium Nanotubes
7.3 TiO2 Nanotubes for Implant Fabrication
7.4 Functionalization of TiO2 Nanotubes with Growth Factors and Antibacterial/Antiinflammatory Drugs
7.5 Recent Advancements
7.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8. Cellular responses to nanoscale surface modifications of titanium implants for dentistry and bone tissue engineering applications
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Nanotopography Generated from Surface Modification of Ti Implants
8.3 Nanotopography and Protein Absorption
8.4 Nanotopography Alters Osteoblast Responses
8.5 Nanotopography and Stem Cell Responses
8.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9. Corrosion resistance of Ti–6Al–4V with nanostructured TiO2 coatings
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Nanostructured TiO2 Deposited on Ti–6Al–4V
9.3 Characterization Techniques
9.4 Corrosion Test With Electrochemical Techniques
9.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10. Multiwalled Carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanoparticles incorporated GTR membranes
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Periodontal Defects and GTR
10.3 Use of Electrospinning for Preparation of Nanocomposites
10.4 GTR Membranes Based on Electrospun CNT/HA Nanoparticles Incorporated Composite Nanofibers
10.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11. Nanoapatitic composite scaffolds for stem cell delivery and bone tissue engineering
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Development of Nanoapatitic and Macroporous Scaffolds
11.3 Cell Infiltration into Scaffold
11.4 Biomimetic Nanoapatite–Collagen Fiber Scaffold
11.5 Fast Fracture of Nanoapatite Scaffold
11.6 Fatigue of Nanoapatite Scaffold
11.7 Nanoapatite Scaffold–Human Umbilical Cord Stem Cell Interactions
11.8 Seeding Bone Marrow Stem Cells on Nanoapatite Scaffolds
11.9 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 12. Self-assembly of proteins and peptides and their applications in bionanotechnology and dentistry
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Mechanism of Molecular Self-Assembly
12.3 Classification of Self-Assembly
12.4 Self-Assembly of Proteins and Peptides
12.5 Bionanotechnology Applications
12.6 Peptide Nanofibers, Nanotubes, and Nanowires
12.7 Three-Dimensional Peptide Matrix Scaffolds
12.8 Advantages and Limitations of Self-Assembling Peptide Matrix Scaffolds
12.9 Self-Assembly in Regenerative Biology and Dentistry
12.10 Conclusions
References
Chapter 13. Surface engineering of dental tools with diamond for enhanced life and performance
Abstract
13.1 Tooth Materials
13.2 Dental Burs
13.3 Chemical Vapor Deposition of Diamond Films Onto Dental Burs
13.4 Bur Performance Investigations
13.5 Conclusions
References
Further Reading
Chapter 14. Nanomechanical characterization of mineralized tissues in the oral cavity
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Basic Data Analysis Protocol for Nanoindentation
14.3 Nanoindentation of Oral Mineralized Tissues
14.4 Summary
References
Further Reading
Chapter 15. Nanoindentation techniques for the determination of mechanical properties of materials in dentistry
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Basic Information From the Load–Displacement Curves
15.3 Characterization of Inelastic Properties
15.4 Determination of Properties in Nonhomogeneous Bodies
15.5 Characterization of Time-Dependent Load Response
15.6 Resistance Against Crack Propagation
15.7 Scratch Tests for the Evaluation of Friction and Wear Resistance
15.8 Devices for Nanoindentation
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 16. Nanocharacterization techniques for dental implant development
Abstract
16.1 Measurement of the Topology of Nanostructures
16.2 Measurement of Nanostructure Internal Geometries
16.3 Measurement of Composition of Nanostructures
16.4 Measurement of the Mechanical Properties of Nanostructures
16.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 17. Nanoparticulate drug-delivery systems for oral cancer treatment
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Cancer-Treatment Techniques
17.3 Mechanism of Action of Chemotherapeutic Agents
17.4 Oral Cancer
17.5 TNM Classification of Tumors
17.6 Management of Oral Cancer
17.7 Nanoparticulate-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment
17.8 Limitations of Nanoparticles and Conclusion
References
Chapter 18. Carbon nanotubes: Applications in cancer therapy and drug delivery research
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Cellular Uptake of CNTs
18.3 CNTs as Carriers for Small and Large Drug Molecules
18.4 Carbon Nanotubes for Oral Cancer Therapy
18.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 19. Nanodiagnostics in microbiology and dentistry
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Nanomaterials
19.3 Biomedical Applications of Nanotechnology and Its Limitations
19.4 Nanotechnology Applications in Drug-Delivery Systems, Nanodiagnostics, and Various Other Fields
19.5 Contribution of Microbiology to Nanotechnology
19.6 AFM Imaging of Microorganisms
19.7 Nanoplasmonic Sensors Detecting Live Viruses
19.8 Nanodentistry
19.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 20. Neurotoxicity of nanomaterials
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Possible Dental Nanomaterials
20.3 Neurotoxicity of Dental Nanomaterials
20.4 Future Research Prospects
20.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Index