Elementary Particles

Contents

List of Contributors

Preface

CHAPTER 1. Science, Physics, and Particle Physics

I. Introduction

II. Science

III. Physics, the Science of Forces

IV. The Branches of Physics

V. Particle Physics, Frontier with the Unknown

VI. Particle Physics, Theory and Experimentation

VII. Particle Physics Apparatus

VIII. Arguments for Particle Physics

IX. Some Speculations

X. Summary

XI. Conclusion

CHAPTER 2. Elementary Particle Interactions in Astrophysics

I. Introduction

II. Nuclear Astrophysics

III. Matter in the Universe

IV. Prospects

General References

CHAPTER 3. High-Energy Interactions in Space

I. Introduction

II. Radiation

III. Targets

IV. Interaction

V. Nuclear Data

VI. Measurement of Interaction Products

References

CHAPTER 4. Interaction of Elementary Particle Research with Chemistry

I. Nuclear Chemistry with High-Energy Accelerators

II. Other Research Stimulated by High-Energy Reaction Studies

References

CHAPTER 5. Accelerated Particles in Biological Research

I. Introduction

II. Natural Protection of Living Organisms

III. Physical Penetration of Accelerated Particles

IV. Relationship of Brain Organization to Brain Function

V. The First Experiments with Beams Localized in the Pituitary Gland

VI. Studies on Tumors of the Endocrine System

VII. Cancer Therapy versus Cancer Induction

VIII. Localized Radiation Studies in Various Nervous Structures

IX. Particles with a High Rate of Energy Loss

X. Heavy Particles in Cancer Therapy

XI. Specialized Techniques

XII. The Future

Glossary

References

CHAPTER 6. Possible Use of Densely Ionizing Radiations in Radiotherapy

I. Introduction

II. Cellular Responses to Exposure to High LET Radiations

III. High LET Radiations in Radiotherapy

IV. Illustrative Radiobiological Experiments

V. Summary

References

CHAPTER 7. Interactions between Elementary Particle Research and Engineering

I. Introduction

II. Review of Accelerator History

III. High-Voltage Technique

IV. Sources of X Rays and Other Types of Radiation

V. Vacuum Tubes for High Power Levels

VI. Vacuum Technique

VII. Magnet Design

VIII. Design of Rotating Machines

IX. Ferrites

X. Scalers and Computers

XI. Radiation

XII. Pattern Recognition

XIII. Remote Handling

XIV. Superconducting Devices

XV. Conclusion

Subject Index