Earthworm Technology in Organic Waste Management

Recent Trends and Advances

1st Edition - October 1, 2023
Editors: Kui Huang, Sartaj Ahmad Bhat, Fusheng Li, Vineet Kumar
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 6 0 5 0 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 6 0 5 1 - 6

Earthworm Technology in Organic Waste Management: Recent Trends and Advances is a suitable contribution to the Waste and The Environment: Underlying Burdens And Managemen… Read more

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Earthworm Technology in Organic Waste Management: Recent Trends and Advances is a suitable contribution to the Waste and The Environment: Underlying Burdens And Management Strategies series that will be helpful in classifying and broadly addressing assessments, mitigation strategies, and the management of organic wastes using earthworms. In addition, the book provides a summary of the latest findings on emerging pollution-related issues, their sustainable management, and future perspectives. The book covers recent trends and developments in organic waste management, including the use of earthworms in municipal and industrial waste management, the role of earthworms in vermifiltration/vermiwash, and of vermicompost in crops.

Finally, the book covers the potential of earthworms in the remediation of emerging contaminants. This includes antibiotic resistance genes, heavy metals, pesticides, microplastics, and other emerging pollutants that are not covered in-depth in previously published titles.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Chapter 1. Earthworm-associated bacterial community and its role in organic waste decomposition
1. Introduction
2. Earthworms
3. Pollutant degradation mechanisms in vermicomposting
4. Bacterial diversity in the alimentary canal
5. Vermicast
6. Vermiwash
7. Molecular techniques to detect earthworm gut microbes
8. Conclusion
Chapter 2. How do earthworms affect the microbial community during vermicomposting for organic waste recycling?
1. Introduction
2. Earthworm–microorganism interactions: Selectivity and diet
3. Microbial abundance and diversity changes during vermicomposting
4. Microbial structural changes during vermicomposting
5. Microbial functional changes during vermicomposting
6. Substate effects on bacterial community during vermicomposting
7. Physicochemical properties affecting microbial changes during vermicomposting
8. Conclusion
Chapter 3. Exploring the transfer and transformation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in vermifiltration for domestic wastewater treatment
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
3. Results and discussion
4. Conclusions
Chapter 4. Vermiremediation of organic wastes: vermicompost as a powerful plant growth promoter
1. Introduction
2. Vermicompost and its production
3. Vermicompost as a plant growth promoter
4. Vermicompost as a plant disease suppression and pest control
5. Conclusions and future perspectives
Chapter 5. Vermiremediation of plant agro waste to recover residual nutrients and improve crop productivity
1. Introduction
2. Vermiremediation technology
3. Activity of suitable earthworm species and their associated microbes in composting and remediation
4. Vermiremediation of different plant agro waste
5. Different properties of plant agro waste compost
6. Conclusion
Chapter 6. Biochemical alterations of vermicompost produced from Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) and cattle dung
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
3. Results and discussion
4. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Use of vermicompost and vermiwash for the growth and production of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.): A case study in Suriname
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
3. Results and discussion
4. Overall discussion
5. Conclusion
Chapter 8. Earthworm mediated amelioration of heavy metals from solid organic waste: an ecotechnological approach toward valorization
1. Introduction
2. Sources of heavy metals in organic waste
3. Different methods applied for heavy metal removal from solid organic waste: a review of phytoremediation
4. Role of vermitechnology in reduction of heavy metal load: a case study using paper mill wastes
5. Role of microbes in remediation of heavy metals
6. Mechanisms involved in combating heavy metal stress in earthworms
7. Conclusion
Chapter 9. Vermicomposting as a tool for removal of heavy metal contaminants from soil and water environment
1. Introduction
2. Vermicomposting process and raw materials used
3. Importance of vermicomposting
4. Vermicomposting for removal of metal ions from-
5. Vermicomposting for breaking down of heavy metal in organic pollutants
6. Safe disposal of metal-enriched compost
7. Strategies for improving vermiremediation
8. Precaution to be taken during vermiremediation
9. Conclusions
Chapter 10. Earthworms and microplastics: Transport from sewage sludge to soil, antibiotic-resistant genes, and soil remediation
1. Introduction
2. Microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes
3. Impact of earthworms on microplastics and antibiotic resistance
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions and perspectives
Chapter 11. Instrumental characterization of matured vermicompost produced from organic waste
1. Introduction
2. Characteristic of mature vermicompost: a brief overview
3. Traditional methods for understanding vermicompost maturity
4. Limitations of traditional methods
5. Emergence of instrumentation techniques
6. Limitation of instrumentation techniques
7. Conclusion and future prospects
Chapter 12. Exposure to emerging contaminants: ecotoxicological effects on earthworms and the potential of gut-associated microorganisms in bioremediation
1. Introduction
2. Earthworms' response to emerging contaminants
3. Effect of emerging contaminants on earthworms' gut microbiome
4. Bioremediation of emerging contaminants using intestinal microbial isolates
5. Outlook and conclusions
Chapter 13. Influence of earthworm combined with bermudagrass on the content and bioavailability of heavy metal in reclaimed soil
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
3. Results and discussion
4. Conclusions
Chapter 14. The power of earthworm: vermicompost drives to sustainable agriculture
1. Introduction
2. Population and food security
3. Organic and chemical fertilizers
4. What is vermicompost?
5. Promoting vermicompost and its effect on soil properties, plants, and environmental conservation
6. How to feed earthworms
7. The importance of vermicompost in sustainable agriculture
8. Conclusion
Chapter 15. Utilization of vermicompost and vermileachate on plant growth and development: aspects to consider
1. Introduction
2. Organics in fertilization of degraded soil
3. Vermicomposting and vermileachate production
4. Parameters influencing vermicompost quality
5. Qualities of vermicompost and vermileachate
6. Issue of biochar in vermicompost fertility
7. Vermicompost in crop production
8. Vermileachate in crop production
9. Economic perspectives on organic nutrient sources
10. Conclusion
Chapter 16. Emerging pollutants in waste: occurrence, impact, removal, and screening technologies
1. Introduction
2. Emerging pollutants
3. Impact of emerging pollutants on environment and public health
4. Treatments for emerging pollutant removal
5. Analytical detection methods for emerging contaminants
6. Conclusion
Chapter 17. Analysis of carbon emissions in composting and vermicomposting of excess sludge
1. Introduction
2. Experimental methods
3. Results and discussion
4. Conclusions
Chapter 18. Bacterial 16s rDNA diversity in the gut of Eisenia fetida revealed by metagenomics and high-throughput sequencing technology
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Bacterial distributions in different gut areas of earthworms
4. Functional bacteria and genes in hindgut of earthworms
5. Conclusion
Index

Kui Huang

Kui Huang is a professor and department chairman of specializing in the subject of environmental ecological engineering at the School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, China. He received his PhD in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Gifu University, Japan in 2014. He served as a researcher for the River Basin Research Center at Gifu University for two years before joining Lanzhou Jiaotong University in 2015. His teaches courses including water engineering construction and environmental ecological engineering. His research interest involves fundamental and applied aspects of biological contaminant reduction, aerobic biodegradation process, water quality safety in river basin, and organic solids recycling, with a focus on biological and sustainable treated system of wastes by earthworms.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China

Sartaj Ahmad Bhat

Dr. Sartaj Ahmad Bhat is working as a JSPS Postdoctoral Researcher at the River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Japan. He received his Ph.D. in Environmental Sciences from Guru Nanak Dev University, India, in 2017. His primary research focuses on the development and evaluation of treatment technologies for organic waste and wastewater from domestic and industrial outlets as well as organic waste recycling, with a focus on the biological and sustainable treatment by earthworms. He has published over 60 papers in peer-reviewed journals and co-edited 13 books. Dr. Bhat serves as an associate/academic editor, editorial board member, or advisory board member on more than 15 journals. He has been awarded several postdoctoral/research fellowships, and has also received the 2020 Outstanding Reviewer Award from the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health and Top Peer Reviewer 2019 award for Environment and Ecology (Web of Science).

Affiliations and expertise

Postdoctoral Researcher, River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan

Fusheng Li

Prof. Fusheng Li is a Professor in the Division of Water System Safety and Security Studies and the Graduate School of Engineering at Gifu University, Japan. He received his BS degree in Environmental engineering from Lanzhou Jiaotong University of China in 1986, MS degree from Kitami Institute of Technology of Japan in 1994, and PhD degree from the Gifu University of Japan in 1998. Dr. Li is directing the Division of Water Quality Studies that covers the fields from water quality to water and wastewater treatment, and recently to resource and energy recovery from organic waste. The ongoing research projects in his lab include adsorption; membrane filtration, enhanced coagulation, disinfection; biological water and wastewater treatment; vermicomposting treatment of vegetable waste and activated sludge; microbial fuel cell; physicochemical water quality assessment; biological water quality assessment.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan

Vineet Kumar

Vineet Kumar is presently working as a National Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences at Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India. He earned his Ph.D. (2018) in Environmental Microbiology from Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (A Central) University, Lucknow, India. His research interests include waste management, bioremediation, phytoremediation, metagenomics, wastewater treatment, environmental monitoring, bioplastic, and biofuel production. He has published more than 45 articles in peer-reviewed international journals of repute, 54 book chapters, and 4 scientific magazine articles, with more than citations of 2100, and h-index of 26. In addition, he has published 2 authored and 22 edited books on various aspects of science and engineering by Elsevier, Springer, CRC Press, RSC, and Wiley. He has been serving as a guest editor and reviewer in more than 50 International Journals for his research area. He is an active member of numerous scientific societies including the Microbiology Society (UK), the Indian Science Congress Association (India), the Association of Microbiologists of India (India), etc.

Affiliations and expertise

National Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India