Dynamic Risk Assessment and Management of Domino Effects and Cascading Events in the Process Industry

1st Edition - June 8, 2021
Editors: Valerio Cozzani, Genserik Reniers
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 2 8 3 8 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 2 8 3 9 - 1

Dynamic Risk Assessment and Management of Domino Effects and Cascading Events in the Process Industry provides insights into emerging and state-of-the-art methods for the dynamic a… Read more

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Dynamic Risk Assessment and Management of Domino Effects and Cascading Events in the Process Industry provides insights into emerging and state-of-the-art methods for the dynamic assessment of risk and safety barrier performance in the framework of domino effect risk management. The book presents methods and tools to manage the risk of cascading events involving the chemical and process industry. It is an ideal reference for both safety and security managers, industrial risk stakeholders, scientists and practitioners. In addition, laymen may find the state-of-the-art methods concerning domino effects (large-scale accidents) and how to prevent their propagation an interesting topic of study.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Chapter one. The importance of innovation and new findings in domino effects research
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Domino effect assessment: from regulatory compliance to a research perspective
1.3. Quantitative assessment of domino effect
1.4. Cascading events: the relevance of intentional domino effects
1.5. Prevention and mitigation of domino effect
1.6. Conclusions
Chapter Two. Domino effects in chemical factories and clusters, risk in the eye of the beholder: an historical perspective and discussion
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Materials and methods
2.3. Results
2.4. Discussion and conclusions
Chapter Three. Application of Bayesian network to domino effect assessment
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Bayesian network
3.3. Fire domino modeling in process plants
3.4. Further remarks
3.5. Conclusions
Chapter Four. A Petri net–based methodology for domino effect assessment
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Petri net modeling
4.3. Probability analysis of domino effects
4.4. Conclusions
Chapter Five. Applying agent-based modeling and simulation for domino effect assessment in chemical plants
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Agent-based modeling and simulation
5.3. DAMS—assessing domino effects by using ABMS
5.4. Case studies
5.5. Discussion
5.6. Conclusions
Appendix A
Appendix B
Chapter SIX. Application of graph theory to assessing the vulnerability of tank terminals to domino effects
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Graph theory: metrics and measurements
6.3. Vulnerability assessment of process plants
6.4. Application of graph metrics to safety assessment of process plants
6.5. Conclusions
Chapter SEVEN. Stand-off distances for domino effect caused by intentional acts
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Methodology for the assessment of stand-off distances
7.3. Far-field stand-off distances for explosives and firearms
7.4. Conclusions
Chapter Eight. Vulnerability assessment of chemical plants to intentional acts
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Rings of Protection
8.3. Deter-Detect-Delay
8.4. Security vulnerability assessment
8.5. Comparative analysis of SVA methodologies
8.6. Conclusions
Chapter Nine. Economic model for tackling intentional domino effects in a chemical facility
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Economic foundations
9.3. Threat analysis and vulnerability assessment
9.4. Domino effect analysis
9.5. Cost–benefit analysis
9.6. Cost-effectiveness analysis
9.7. Conclusions
Chapter Ten. Mitigation barriers for domino effect
10.1. Introduction
10.2. The concept of safety barrier and layered protection
10.3. Classification of safety barriers for domino effect
10.4. Description of relevant safety barriers and safety systems
10.5. Managerial aspects related to safety barriers
10.6. Conclusions
Chapter Eleven. Assessment of safety barriers and mitigation of domino scenarios
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Methodology
11.3. Quantitative assessment of safety barrier performance
11.4. Conclusions
Chapter Twelve. Mitigation of fire-induced domino scenarios
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Specific features of domino effect triggered by fire
12.3. Probabilistic assessment of escalation scenarios triggered by fire
12.4. Consequence assessment of mitigated escalation scenarios triggered by fire
12.5. Risk assessment of mitigated domino scenarios triggered by fire
12.6. Tutorial application
12.7. Conclusions
Chapter Thirteen. The influence of harsh environment in the management of safety barriers
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Methodological approach
13.3. Tutorial application to demonstrate case studies
13.4. Discussion
13.5. Conclusions
Chapter Fourteen. Optimal firefighting to prevent domino effects
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Firefighting in chemical and process plants
14.3. Influence diagrams
14.4. Application influence diagram to optimal firefighting
14.5. Discussion
14.6. Conclusions
Chapter Fifteen. Multiplant emergency planning in the event of domino effects
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Methodology
15.3. Case study
15.4. Conclusions
Appendix (Fig. A1; Table A1)
Chapter Sixteen. Conclusions
16.1. Quantitative assessment of domino effect and escalation scenarios
16.2. Dynamic risk assessment of domino effect and safety barriers
16.3. Safety and security synergies
16.4. Concluding remarks
List of acronyms
Glossary
Index

Valerio Cozzani

Valerio Cozzani (1968) received his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Pisa (Italy) in 1996. During the Ph.D. he spent an year at the Industrial Hazard Unit (IPSC) of the Ispra European Community Joint Research Centre. After the Ph.D. he joined the National Research Group on Chemical and Environmental Risk of the Italian National Council of Research. Formerly lecturer at the University of Pisa, he is now professor at the Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering of Bologna University, where he leads the Laboratory on Industrial Safety and Environmental Sustainability. He is Director of the academic graduate and undergraduate programs in Chemical Engineering an lectures on unit operations, design, loss prevention and risk assessment. He coordinated several joint university-industry training projects. His main research experience is in the field of safety of chemical processes and of environmental and energy technologies. The specific subjects afforded in his research activity are, among others, the development of innovative methodologies and models for hazard and risk analysis, the development of models for equipment damage and the implementation of procedures for the quantitative assessment of accidental scenarios triggered by external hazard factors. He has a wide experience in leading national and international research projects funded either by public organizations or by private companies. He coordinates the Italian working party on safety in the chemical and process industry (CISAP) and is Member of the Working Party of Loss Prevention (EFCE). He received the Trevor Kletz Merit Award 2015 for outstanding contributions to the field of Process Safety. He serves as Associate Editor of Safety Science and is a member of the Editorial Boards of the Journal of Hazardous Materials and of the Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industry.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Genserik Reniers

Genserik Reniers works at the Universita di Bologna, DICAM in the Laboratory for Industrial Safety and Environmental Sustainability, Bologna in Italy.

Affiliations and expertise

Universita di Bologna, DICAM, Laboratory for Industrial Safety and Environmental Sustainability, Bologna, Italy

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health