Distributed Renewable Energies for Off-Grid Communities

Empowering a Sustainable, Competitive, and Secure Twenty-First Century

2nd Edition - January 21, 2021
Editors: Nasir El Bassam, Marcia Schlichting, Daniele Pagani
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 6 0 5 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 1 3 9 - 8

Distributed Renewable Energies for Off-Grid Communities: Empowering a Sustainable, Competitive, and Secure Twenty-First Century, Second Edition, is a fully revised reference… Read more

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Distributed Renewable Energies for Off-Grid Communities: Empowering a Sustainable, Competitive, and Secure Twenty-First Century, Second Edition, is a fully revised reference on advances in achieving successful energy transition. Addressing the highly dynamic, complex and multidimensional process of a dominant socio-technical system transforming into another, this up-to-date reference addresses all stages of this complex process with data and figures to demonstrate how to tackle the process of changing a society's energy circumstance. This new edition provides an updated picture of renewables in communities and their use, covering energy concepts, strategies, prospects and combining all aspects to provide a roadmap to self-sustainable development.

Addressing the influence of society on the development of renewable industry, this book provides guidelines with case studies, along with trends and innovative practices regarding renewable energy and their applications with a goal of successfully establishing smooth energy transitions in self-sustainable communities.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Citations
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter One. What Kind of Energy Does the World Need?
Chapter 1.1. Distributed renewable energy
Chapter 1.2. Using distributed energy resources to meet the trilemma challenges
Chapter 1.3. Scope of the book
Chapter Two. Restructuring future energy generation and supply
2.1. Basic challenges
2.2. Current and future energy supplies
2.3. Peak oil
2.4. Availability of alternative resources
2.5. Outlook
Chapter three. Road map of distributed renewable energy communities
3.1. Energy and sustainable development
3.2. Community involvement
3.3. Facing the challenges
3.4. The concept of the food and agriculture organization, an integrated energy community
3.5. Global approach
3.6. Basic and extended needs
3.7. Representative energy plant species for different climate regions
3.8. Regional implementation
3.9. Opportunities driven by energy sector coupling
Chapter four. Planning of integrated renewable communities
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Scenario 1
4.3. Scenario 2
4.4. Case study I: implementation of integrated energy farm under climatic conditions of central Europe
4.5. Case study II: arid and semiarid regions
Chapter Five. The water–energy–food nexus
5.1. Determination of community requirements for energy, water, and food
5.2. Modeling approaches
5.3. Data acquisition
5.4. Determination of energy and food requirements
5.5. Energy potential analysis
5.6. Data collection and processing for energy use
5.7. Wind energy
5.8. Biomass
Chapter Six. Energy basics
6.1. Basics of energy
6.2. Special topics relating to electricity
6.3. Global contribution
6.4. Resources and applications
Chapter Seven. Solar energy: Technologies and options
7.1. Worldwide installed capacities
7.2. Photovoltaic
7.3. Global PV market
7.4. Applications
7.5. Accumulation of soiling on solar energy systems
7.6. Concentrating solar thermal power
7.7. Solar thermal collectors
7.8. Solar cookers and solar ovens
Chapter Eight. Wind energy
8.1. Wind power and wind energy
8.2. Types of wind turbines
8.3. Global market
8.4. Offshore wind farm Dogger Bank
8.5. Small wind turbines
Chapter Nine. Energy resources, global contribution, and applications
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Bioenergy and biofuels: innovation and technology progress
9.3. Characteristics and potentials
9.4. Solid biofuels
9.5. Biogas and biomethane
9.6. Conversion systems to heat, power, and electricity
9.7. Outlook
Chapter Ten. Hydropower
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Global production of hydropower energy
10.3. Types of hydropower plants
10.4. Types of turbines
10.5. Relative efficiencies
10.6. Assessment of hydropower potential
10.7. Impact of climate change on hydropower generation
Chapter Eleven. Marine energy
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Ocean thermal energy conversion
11.3. Advantages and disadvantages
11.4. Ocean tidal power
11.5. Ocean wave power
11.6. Environmental and economic challenges
Chapter Twelve. Geothermal energy
12.1. Introduction
12.2. The history of geothermal energy
12.3. Geothermal heat pumps
12.4. Geothermal electricity
12.5. Environmental effects, benefits, and economic costs
12.6. The future of geothermal energy
Chapter Thirteen. Energy storage, smart grids, and electric vehicles
13.1. Energy storage
13.2. Smart grids
13.3. Electric vehicles
13.4. Future developments
Chapter Fourteen. Current distributed renewable energy in rural and urban communities
14.1. Thisted, Denmark: 100% renewable energy community
14.2. Samsø island
14.3. Energy island of VindØ
14.4. Kampala, Uganda taxi-bike drivers move to electric bikes
14.5. Rural community of Jühnde
14.6. Containerized solar minigrid, Fanidiama village, Mali
14.7. Decentralized desalination systems powered by solar energy in Maasai, Tanzania
14.8. Road map to renewable energy in remote communities in Australia
14.9. Iraq Dream Homes
14.10. Renewables in Africa
14.11. Renewables in India
14.12. Distributed renewable energy and solar oases for deserts and arid regions: the DESERTEC concept
14.13. Vatican City
Chapter Fifteen. Ownership, citizens participation and economic trends
15.1. Community ownership
15.2. Citizens' participation
15.3. The Danish ownership model
15.4. Integration of the energy supply by public ownership
15.5. Economic impacts
15.6. Socioeconomic benefits and economic impacts of Renewables 2019
15.7. Actions for broadening the ownership of renewables
15.8. Global investment's in renewables
15.9. Costs of renewables
Chapter Sixteen. The importance of green mobility
16.1. Environmental and social impacts
16.2. Mobility on the road
16.3. Mobility on the rail
16.4. Mobility on the water
16.5. Mobility in the air
16.6. Rethinking mobility: are there any alternatives to current models?
Chapter Seventeen. Water desalination, purification, irrigation, and wastewater treatment
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Renewable energy and pumps
17.3. Renewable energy and water purification
17.4. Renewable energy and desalination
17.5. Renewable energy and wastewater treatment
17.6. Renewable energy and farm irrigation
Chapter Eighteen. Technologies at the experimental stages
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Fusion power
18.3. Antimatter energy
18.4. Atmospheric electricity
18.5. Microalgae
18.6. Osmotic power
18.7. Advanced hydrogen technology
18.8. Outlook
Chapter Nineteen. Drivers for digitalization of energy
Chapter Twenty. Blockchain
20.1. Characteristics of blockchain
20.2. Blockchain technology background
Chapter Twenty one. Grid challenges: Integration of distributed renewables with the national grid
21.1. The electricity distribution grid
21.2. Siemens to install smart distribution networks in Iraqi Provinces
21.3. Penetration of renewables in the grid
21.4. Development direction, cyberattacks, and outlook
Chapter Twenty Two. Marshall plan for Empowering Urban and Rural Communities: Strategies toward poverty and migration reduction
22.1. Introduction
22.2. Integrated energy settlement, Wierthe, Germany
Chapter 22.3. Integrated energy settlement in Rousse, Bulgaria
Chapter 22.4. Sustainable development of village of Kiga, Iran
Chapter 22.5. Empowering of three urban cities in Africa (Empowering Urban Cities in Africa)
Chapter Twenty three. Our vision for peace via renewables: Power, water and food for all
23.1. Key words “solar oases”
23.2. Procedure
23.3. Concluding remarks and outlook
Appendix One. Glossary
Appendix Two. List of energy abbreviations and acronyms
Appendix Three. Conversion factors
Appendix Four. Inventory of photovoltaic systems for sustainable rural development
Index

Nasir El Bassam

Prof. Dr. N. El Bassam is the founder and director of the International Research Centre for Renewable Energy (IFEED), Germany, India and USA; Chairperson at World Council of Renewable Energy (WCRE) Scientific Advisory Board, Federal Association of Regenerative Mobility, and Vice President of the Climate Protection Agency North Germany; Chairman of the Working Group Sustainable Rural Energy Network (SREN), FAO, United Nations, Rome; ); Program Head of the Projects wind energy and Concentrating Solar Power for Power (CSP) Supply and Seawater Desalination Middle East and North Africa (DESERTEC). He coordinates the Centre activities, technology transfer of and the co-operation in national and international organizations (UN, EU, and Club of Rome), the integration and application of renewable energy resources available in various regions for electricity, water and food supply with aims of empowering the countryside. El Bassam is well-known as Poverty Researcher, in this context he initiated the strategy and project “Empowering Urban Cities and Rural Habitats in Africa” which considered as a Marshal Plan for sustainable economic development and combating Poverty, migration, and Depopulation of urban cities and Rural Communities worldwide. He contributes as an editor in the journals: International Journal “Sustainability Science, Springer Scientific Publishing Services; Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and the American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (AJEAS). El Bassam published 12 books, authored numerous publications, and received several awards

Affiliations and expertise

Founder and Director, International Research Centre for Renewable Energy (IFEED)

Marcia Schlichting

Ms. Schlichting is Editor for the International Research Centre for Renewable Energy and International Secretary. Ms. Schlichting has an Associate Degree in Applied Science, Water, and Wastewater Technology and has conducted laboratory research in the field of filtration and purification.

Affiliations and expertise

Editor, International Research Centre for Renewable Energy and International Secretary

Daniele Pagani

Daniele Pagani is an Engineer with international mindset and good capacity of combining multidisciplinary projects at Nordic Folkecenter for Renewable Energy, Denmark and responsible for Sustainable Mobility, Founder Road2home.eu.

Affiliations and expertise

Sustainable Mobility, Founder Road2home.eu.

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Distributed Renewable Energies for Off-Grid Communities

Empowering a Sustainable, Competitive, and Secure Twenty-First Century

Purchase options

Empowering Progress

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Nasir El Bassam

Marcia Schlichting

Daniele Pagani