Distillation

Fundamentals and Principles

1st Edition - July 22, 2014

Editors: Andrzej Gorak, Eva Sorensen

Hardback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 6 5 4 7 - 2

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 6 5 4 8 - 9

Distillation: Fundamentals and Principles — winner of the 2015 PROSE Award in Chemistry & Physics — is a single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the… Read more

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Distillation: Fundamentals and Principles — winner of the 2015 PROSE Award in Chemistry & Physics — is a single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the theory and practice of modern distillation, suitable for advanced students and professionals working in a laboratory, industrial plants, or a managerial capacity. It addresses the most important and current research on industrial distillation, including all steps in process design (feasibility study, modeling, and experimental validation), together with operation and control aspects. This volume features an extra focus on the conceptual design of distillation.

Preface to the Distillation Collection
Preface to Distillation: Fundamentals and Principles
List of Contributors
List of Symbols and Abbreviations
Chapter 1. History of Distillation
- 1.1. Introduction
- 1.2. From neolithic times to alexandria (3500 BC–AD 700)
- 1.3. The alembic, the arabs, and albertus magnus (AD 700–1450)
- 1.4. Printed books and the rise of science (1450–1650)
- 1.5. From laboratory to industry (1650–1800)
- 1.6. Scientific impact and industrialization (1800–1900)
- 1.7. Engineering science (1900–1950)
- 1.8. Improvements and integration (1950–1990)
- 1.9. What will be the next innovation cycle (1990–2020 and beyond)?
- 1.10. Summary
Chapter 2. Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium and Physical Properties for Distillation
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Thermodynamic fundamentals
- 2.3. Calculation of VLE using g^E models
- 2.4. Calculation of VLE using equations of state
- 2.5. Liquid–liquid equilibria
- 2.6. Electrolyte systems
- 2.7. Conditions for the occurrence of azeotropic behavior
- 2.8. Predictive models
- 2.9. Calculation of other important thermophysical properties
- 2.10. Application of thermodynamic models and factual databanks for the development and simulation of separation processes
- 2.11. Summary
Chapter 3. Mass Transfer in Distillation
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Fluxes and conservation equations
- 3.3. Constitutive relations
- 3.4. Diffusion coefficients
- 3.5. Mass transfer coefficients
- 3.6. Estimation of mass transfer coefficients in binary systems
- 3.7. Models for mass transfer in multicomponent mixtures
- 3.8. Mass transfer in tray columns
- 3.9. Mass transfer in packed columns
- 3.10. Further reading
Chapter 4. Principles of Binary Distillation
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Vapor–liquid equilibrium
- 4.3. Differential distillation
- 4.4. Flash distillation
- 4.5. Continuous distillation with rectification
- 4.6. Concluding remarks
Chapter 5. Design and Operation of Batch Distillation
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Batch column operation
- 5.3. Design of batch distillation
- 5.4. Batch distillation configurations
- 5.5. Control of batch distillation
- 5.6. Complex batch distillation
- 5.7. Modeling of batch distillation
- 5.8. Optimization of batch distillation
- 5.9. The future of batch distillation
Chapter 6. Energy Considerations in Distillation
- 6.1. Introduction to energy efficiency
- 6.2. Energy-efficient distillation
- 6.3. Energy-efficient distillation: operation and control
- 6.4. Heat integration of distillation
- 6.5. Energy-efficient distillation: advanced and complex column configurations
- 6.6. Energy-efficient distillation: evaluation of energy requirements
- 6.7. Conclusions
Chapter 7. Conceptual Design of Zeotropic Distillation Processes
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Synthesizing all possible distillation configurations
- 7.3. Thermal coupling
- 7.4. Identifying optimal configurations
- 7.5. An example: petroleum crude distillation
- 7.6. Additional multicolumn configurations
- 7.7. Summary and thoughts toward the future
Chapter 8. Conceptual Design of Azeotropic Distillation Processes
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Generation of distillation process variants
- 8.3. Shortcut evaluation of distillation processes
- 8.4. Optimization-based conceptual design of distillation processes
- 8.5. Design studies for different types of azeotropic distillation processes
- 8.6. Summary and conclusions
Chapter 9. Hybrid Distillation Schemes: Design, Analysis, and Application
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Selection of HDS: rule-based procedure
- 9.3. Model-based computer-aided methods and tools
- 9.4. Application of HDS
- 9.5. Conclusions and future perspectives
Chapter 10. Modeling of Distillation Processes
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Classification of distillation models
- 10.3. Equilibrium-based modeling
- 10.4. Nonequilibrium-based modeling
- 10.5. Modeling of more complex distillation processes
- 10.6. Concluding remarks
- Appendix
Chapter 11. Optimization of Distillation Processes
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. Optimization of a single distillation column
- 11.3. Synthesis of distillation sequences
- Appendix
Index