Digital Health

Exploring Use and Integration of Wearables

1st Edition - July 6, 2021
Editors: Alan Godfrey, Sam Stuart
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 9 1 4 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 9 1 5 - 3

Digital Health: Exploring Use and Integration of Wearables is the first book to show how and why engineering theory is used to solve real-world clinical applications, consi… Read more

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Digital Health: Exploring Use and Integration of Wearables is the first book to show how and why engineering theory is used to solve real-world clinical applications, considering the knowledge and lessons gathered during many international projects. This book provides a pragmatic A to Z guide on the design, deployment and use of wearable technologies for laboratory and remote patient assessment, aligning the shared interests of diverse professions to meet with a common goal of translating engineering theory to modern clinical practice. It offers multidisciplinary experiences to guide engineers where no clinically advice and expertise may be available.

Entering the domain of wearables in healthcare is notoriously difficult as projects and ideas often fail to deliver due to the lack of clinical understanding, i.e., what do healthcare professionals and patients really need? This book provides engineers and computer scientists with the clinical guidance to ensure their novel work successfully translates to inform real-world clinical diagnosis, treatment and management.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
About the editors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Kits for wearable sensor systems: exploring software and hardware system design, building guides, and opportunities for clinical rehabilitation
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Buy or build?
1.3 Repurposing or innovating with existing technology
1.4 System design
1.5 Patient and public involvement: collaborating with your end-users and patients
1.6 Key aspects of hardware design
1.7 Key aspects of software design
1.8 Creating an enclosure for your device
1.9 Example 1: building a low-cost electromyography system
1.10 Following the decision tree
1.11 Software design
1.12 Example 2: building an activity monitoring system
1.13 What does the future hold?
1.14 Closing remarks
References
Chapter 2. Instrumenting traditional approaches to physical assessment
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Wearables
2.3 Inertial and magnetic sensors
2.4 Feature extraction
2.5 Instrumenting specific functional tasks
2.6 Verification, analytical validation, and clinical validation
2.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. Lab-on-a-chip: wearables as a one stop shop for free-living assessments
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Types of wearables in the free-living
3.3 Why would we measure in the free-living?
3.4 The benefits of wearable technology for clinical research
3.5 Challenges of moving from the lab to the free-living
References
Chapter 4. Ward, rehabilitation, and clinic-based wearable devices
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Body functions and structure domain
4.3 Activity domain
4.4 Participation domain
4.5 Case study
4.6 Summary
4.7 Barriers to use in hospital and outpatient settings
References
Chapter 5. Point of care TECHNOLOGIES
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 State of the art
5.3 Impact of wearable point-of-care testing on care
5.4 User and clinical needs
5.5 Emerging trends and opportunities
5.6 Summary
References
Chapter 6. Healing and monitoring of chronic wounds: advances in wearable technologies
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Electrical stimulation of wound healing
6.3 Wound monitoring
6.4 Technological advancement in wireless monitoring and sensors
6.5 Smart bandages
6.6 Wireless technologies for smart bandage applications
6.7 Challenges in advanced wound care technologies
6.8 Conclusion and future direction
References
Chapter 7. Validation, verification, and reliability
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Validation and verification of wearable devices
7.3 Notable medical grade wearable devices
7.4 Use of wearables in clinical trials
7.5 Discussion and horizon scanning
References
Chapter 8. Big data and data mining for wearable-based mobility analysis
Abstract
8.1 Location data encoding
8.2 Location data collection
8.3 Location data storage and query
8.4 Artificial intelligence for big data mobility analysis
8.5 Hardware acceleration
8.6 Real-world deployments
8.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Bibliography
Chapter 9. Machine learning for healthcare using wearable sensors
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Machine learning on wearable sensors
9.3 Machine learning pipeline for wearable sensor data analysis
9.4 Deep learning on wearable sensor data
9.5 Toolkits and libraries for machine learning
9.6 Challenges and opportunities
References
Chapter 10. Internet of Things and cloud computing
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Internet of Things
10.3 Communication framework for Internet of Things-based healthcare
10.4 Applications of Internet of Things in healthcare
10.5 Cloud computing
10.6 Healthcare case studies
10.7 Summary
References
Chapter 11. Frameworks: integration to digital networks and beyond
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Wearable technology
11.3 National digital frameworks
11.4 Discussion
11.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Telemedicine systems to manage chronic disease
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Telemedicine system architectures
12.3 Challenges of the telemedicine healthcare model
12.4 Future trends
12.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13. Networks and near-field communication: up-close but far away
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Near-field communication devices
13.3 Near-field communication system for wearable sensors
13.4 Application for battery-free operation and longer-range communication
13.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14. Ubiquitous computing
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Special consideration regarding wearable medicine
14.3 Typical applications
14.4 Challenges and future works
14.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15. Sports medicine: bespoke player management
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Benefits of wearable technology in sports medicine
15.3 Wearable measurement devices
15.4 Use of wearables in clinical practice
15.5 Integration of multiple sensors
15.6 Next generation wearable devices
15.7 Emerging issues and role changes
15.8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 16. Wearables for disabled and extreme sports
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Reference standards
16.3 Wearable sensors
16.4 Sports wearables
16.5 Disability sport and the use of wearables
16.6 Extreme sports and the use of wearables
16.7 Monitoring injury risk
16.8 Conclusions and future directions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 17. Reality, from virtual to augmented
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Terminology
17.3 Virtual reality and augmented reality systems
17.4 Building virtual and augmented reality environments
17.5 Augmented reality/virtual reality as a medical education tool
17.6 Embodied cognition: learning by doing
17.7 Patient education
17.8 Clinician education: from student to provider
17.9 Augmented reality/virtual reality as a visualization tool for surgical planning and intraoperative guidance
17.10 Surgical planning
17.11 Intraoperative guidance
17.12 Augmented reality/virtual reality as a therapeutic intervention
17.13 Mental health
17.14 Pain
17.15 Rehabilitation
17.16 Future directions
References
Chapter 18. Youth applications
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Defining wearable activity trackers
18.3 Wearable activity trackers in youth: An overview
18.4 Gamification and wearable activity trackers
18.5 Technology frameworks
18.6 Experiences of wearable activity trackers
18.7 Experiences within exploratory studies
18.8 Experiences within interventions
18.9 Wearable activity tracker interventions in youth
18.10 Key considerations
18.11 Use of the device over time
18.12 Factors explaining longer-term use
18.13 Motivation
18.14 Summary
References
Chapter 19. Wearables design and development in a shifting public health domain towards the “fifth wave”
Abstract
19.1 Wearables as part of a shifting design space for health
19.2 Towards socially acceptable wearability
19.3 Service Design, Product-Service System design, and new product and service development models
References
Chapter 20. Jewelry and clothing: transforming from decoration to information
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Wearable electronics
20.3 Embroidered electronics
20.4 Paper electronics
20.5 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 21. The rise of wearables: from innovation to implementation
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Universities and the shift from research to business
21.3 The intersection of big data and wearable technology
21.4 Are product developers meeting the needs of consumers?
21.5 Validity and reliability
21.6 Ergonomics
21.7 Wearable technology adoption
21.8 The future
21.9 Conclusion
References
Index

Alan Godfrey

Alan Godfrey is a biomedical engineer and computer scientist, whose academic research focuses on healthcare technology and algorithm development, aiming to advance patient diagnosis, assessment and treatment. His work includes UK and EU projects for remote monitoring with wearables to capture free-living, habitual data in large cohorts. He also hold an MBA, specialising in project management and digital innovation. Dr. Godfrey has published extensively within his field, which has led him to be Editor and Associate Editor for the journals Maturitas and Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, respectively. He is also an International Advisory Board member for Physiological Measurement, a journal for the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine, and has led as editor for special issues (thematic series) on each of those three journals. He is a full member of the EPSRC peer review college.

Affiliations and expertise

Biomedical Engineer and Computer Scientist, Department of Computer and Information Science, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK

Sam Stuart

Dr. Sam Stuart is a physiotherapist and a research Fellow within the Balance Disorders Laboratory, OHSU. His work focuses on vision, cognition and gait in neurological disorders, examining how technology-based interventions influence these factors. He has published extensively in world leading clinical and engineering journals focusing on a broad range of activities such as real-world data analytics, algorithm development for wearable technology and provided expert opinion on technology for concussion assessment for robust player management. He is currently a guest editor for special issues (sports medicine and transcranial direct current stimulation for motor rehabilitation) within Physiological Measurement and Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, respectively.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Research Fellow, Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, UK Honorary Physiotherapist, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields, UK

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