Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies

Liquefaction, Storage, and Distribution

1st Edition - April 2, 2024
Authors: Ahmad K. Sleiti, Wahib A. Al-Ammari
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 1 4 3 8 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 1 4 3 7 - 0

Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies: Liquefaction, Storage and Distribution offers readers a comprehensive guide to the development, analysis, design, and assessmen… Read more

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Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies: Liquefaction, Storage and Distribution offers readers a comprehensive guide to the development, analysis, design, and assessment methodologies for liquid hydrogen. From the fundamentals to the latest developments and current applications, the book provides an extensive and systematic discussion of the design, simulation, and techno-economic analysis methodologies that is supported by practical examples, verified codes, and innovative process designs. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the liquid hydrogen economy that is followed by advanced thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, optimization, and dynamic simulation models that are essential for current and future LH2 technologies.

Readers will find this to be a valuable resource for students, researchers, scientists, and engineers working in the hydrogen economy or involved in the processing, design, manufacturing, quality control, reliability, safety, systems, and testing of cryogenic refrigeration and liquid hydrogen production, storage, and transportation.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Chapter one. Current and future hydrogen liquefaction technologies—design and analysis
Abstract
Abbreviation
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Fundamentals of cryogenic liquefaction
1.3 Performance evaluation
1.4 Current operational and conceptual hydrogen liquefaction processes
1.5 Recent advanced hydrogen liquefaction technologies
1.6 Future directions for H2 liquefaction process
References
Chapter two. Challenges and potential solutions of liquid hydrogen technologies
Abstract
2.1 Challenges and potential solutions of liquid hydrogen technologies
2.2 Liquid hydrogen storage: current status, challenges, and potential solutions
2.3 Liquid hydrogen transportation and distribution: current status, challenges, and potential solutions
2.4 Liquid hydrogen applications: current status, challenges, and potential solutions
References
Chapter three. Design and selection of refrigerants used in liquid hydrogen plants
Abstract
3.1 Design and selection of refrigerants used in liquid hydrogen plants
3.2 Systematic thermodynamic approaches for the selection and design of cryogenic refrigerants
3.3 Discussion and comparison
3.4 Reliability, compatibility, and safety assessments of the cryogenic refrigerants
3.5 Environmental impacts of cryogenic refrigerants
3.6 Summary
References
Chapter four. Energy and exergy analyses of liquid hydrogen cycles
Abstract
Nomenclature
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Energy and exergy models of the liquid hydrogen system
4.3 Case study example
4.4 Case study results and discussion
4.5 Summary
References
Chapter five. Economic and environmental assessment of liquid hydrogen plants
Abstract
Abbreviations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Economic analysis
5.3 Environmental analysis
5.4 Case study
5.5 Case study results and discussion
5.6 Summary
References
Chapter six. Optimization of hydrogen liquefaction processes
Abstract
6.1 Introduction to the optimization analysis
6.2 Optimization methodologies for H2 liquefaction systems
6.3 Objective function(s) and constraints
6.4 Case study 1: Optimizing the Mr composition
6.5 Case study 2: optimizing the operating conditions of the SMR-HPP
6.6 Summary
References
Chapter seven. Dynamic simulation of liquid hydrogen plants
Abstract
Nomenclature
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Dynamic simulation procedures
7.3 Equipment sizing
7.4 Control scheme configuration
7.5 Case study 1: dynamic simulation of multistream cryogenic heat exchangers
7.6 Case study 2: dynamic simulation of centrifugal compressor unit
7.7 Future pathways
7.8 Summary
References
Chapter eight. Innovations and advances of hydrogen liquefaction processes
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Innovation and development approaches of liquid hydrogen processes
8.3 Case study: dual mixed refrigerant H2 liquefaction process
8.4 Case study results and discussion
8.5 Summary
References
Chapter nine. Hydrogen storage technologies
Abstract
Abbreviations
9.1 Introduction to hydrogen storage options
9.2 Storage of hydrogen as compressed gas
9.3 Storage of hydrogen as liquid hydrogen
9.4 Advances in hydrogen storage technologies
9.5 Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen storage and transportation
9.6 Boil-off gas management
9.7 Summary
References
Chapter ten. Liquid hydrogen distribution
Abstract
Nomenclature
10.1 Introduction to hydrogen transportation and distribution options
10.2 Applications and technologies related to liquid hydrogen transportation and distribution
10.3 Techno-economic evaluation of various pathways of hydrogen transportation and distribution
10.4 Challenges and solutions of liquid hydrogen transportation and distribution
10.5 Future directions
10.6 Summary
References
Chapter eleven. Liquid hydrogen safety and handling
Abstract
Nomenclature
11.1 Hazards of liquid hydrogen
11.2 Safety features of liquid hydrogen plants
11.3 Liquid hydrogen risk analysis and controls
11.4 Regulations, codes, and standards
11.5 Summary
References
Appendix
Appendix A. Example of energy and exergy analyses for H2 precooling process using a single mixed-refrigerant loop
Appendix B. Example of economic analyses for H2 precooling process using a single mixed-refrigerant loop
Appendix C. Example of ortho-para hydrogen convertor in a single mixed-refrigerant loop
Index

Ahmad K. Sleiti

Dr. Ahmad K. Sleiti research is focused on energy systems and thermofluids, with special interest in cryogenic refrigeration, liquefaction of H2 and NG, turbomachinery, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, alternative energy, energy efficiency, CFD and experimental thermofluids. Dr. Sleiti obtained his Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from University of Central Florida. He has authored over 135 peer-reviewed papers in journals and conference proceedings, 2 book chapters and 3 patents. Dr. Sleiti has over 30 years of experience in industry and academia as expert, tenured faculty member and consultant. Dr. Sleiti is currently a professor of mechanical engineering at Qatar University. Previously he held an assistant and associate professor positions at UNC, ERAU and UCF in USA from 2001 to 2015. He also worked as senior engineer, project manager and consultant for high-ranked engineering firms and R&D corporations (SIGMA, PENTA GROUP, BETA, Siemens Energy, Electrodynamics, ASHRAE and others).

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

Wahib A. Al-Ammari

Wahib A. Al-Ammari is currently working as a research assistant in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department at Qatar University. He obtained his BSc degree in Mechanical Engineering from Jordan University of Science and Technology. Al-Ammari has authored 25 papers published in high-impact factor journal, 5 conference proceedings papers, and 1 provisional patent. Al-Ammari has over five years of experience as a researcher in the field of renewable and non-renewable energy systems with focus on the solar energy applications, supercritical carbon dioxide power plants, CO2 capture and transportation, and cryogenic refrigeration and liquefaction systems. He also worked as a lecturer (3 years) in non-government academies in Jordan, which present several training courses for graduate and undergraduate students.