Decarbonization Strategies and Drivers to Achieve Carbon Neutrality for Sustainability

1st Edition - March 7, 2024
Editors: Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad, Larry Erickson, Fabio Carvalho Nunes, Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 6 0 7 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 6 0 8 - 5

Decarbonization Strategies and Drivers to Achieve Carbon Neutrality for Sustainability emphasizes the significance of various decarbonization strategies. Sections cover contribut… Read more

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Decarbonization Strategies and Drivers to Achieve Carbon Neutrality for Sustainability emphasizes the significance of various decarbonization strategies. Sections cover contributions of bioenergy to decarbonization, non-fossil energy targets, the role of wind energy, hydrogen energy, potential of geothermal energy, nuclear energy, wind to energy, role of electriﬁcation and carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies, and more. The book aims to explain how reducing petroleum consumption and supplementing alternate sources of renewable fuels is vital and would strengthen decarbonization.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Section A. Strategies for decarbonization
Chapter One. Bioenergy's role in the path to decarbonization
1. Introduction
2. Carbon cycle balance and the role of bioenergy
3. Replacing fossil fuels with bioenergy
4. Integrated systems of bioenergy and carbon capture and storage
5. Challenges and considerations in bioenergy production
6. Innovative solutions in the realm of bioenergy
7. Policy recommendations
8. Conclusion
Chapter Two. Nonfossil energy targets for environmental sustainability
1. Introduction
2. Green New Deal and nonfossil energy targets
3. Energy transition: Challenges and possibilities
4. Final considerations
Chapter Three. The role of wind energy to the decarbonization in some Asian countries
1. Introduction
2. The causes of wind energy and characteristics
3. The role of wind energy in decarbonization
4. The potential wind resources in Asian countries
5. The current contribution of wind energy to decarbonization in Asian countries
6. The future energy demands in Asian countries
7. Advantages and disadvantages of wind energy
8. Further expectation
9. Conclusions
Chapter Four. Hydrogen and ammonia energy for decarbonization
1. Introduction
2. Hydrogen
3. Decarbonization of ocean transportation
4. Economics
5. Public policy
6. Challenges and solutions
7. Conclusions
Chapter Five. Decarbonization potential of geothermal energy: A new approach
1. Introduction
2. Research area
3. Methodology
4. Results and discussion
5. Conclusion
Chapter Six. Nuclear energy and its role in decarbonization: Scenarios and perspectives
1. Introduction
2. Green New Deal and nonfossil energy
3. Energy transition and importance of nuclear energy
4. Brazil's growing uranium reserves and nuclear energy ambition
5. Final considerations
Declaration of competing interest
Chapter Seven. Si-based agrochemicals for mitigation of greenhouse gases and sequestration carbon
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
3. Results and discussion
4. Conclusions
Chapter Eight. Reducing arable greenhouse gas emissions for sustainability
1. Introduction
2. Reduction of GHG gases from agricultural crop production
3. Concluding remarks
Section B. Role of electrification in the decarbonization
Chapter Nine. Electric vehicles for environmental sustainability
1. Introduction
2. Types of electric vehicles
3. Rental EVs
4. Batteries
5. Economics
6. Public policies
7. Infrastructure
8. Challenges and solutions
9. Conclusions
Chapter Ten. Internet of things [IoT] for charging of electrical vehicles
1. Introduction
2. Electrification and decarbonization
3. EVs charging infrastructure
4. IoT and EVs charging
5. Case studies
6. Conclusion
Section C. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies
Chapter Eleven. Carbon dioxide capture technologies for the conventional energy sector
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results and discussions
4. Conclusion
Chapter Twelve. Biological carbon sequestration for environmental sustainability
1. Introduction
2. Need for increasing forest cover to combat greenhouse gas emission
3. CO2 sequestration processes
4. Biological carbon fixation and synthetic biology
5. CO2 sequestration studies in microorganisms
6. CO2 sequestration in diatoms
7. Microbes for both carbon sequestration and biofuel production
8. Carbon sequestration, biosurfactants, and bioremediation by microbes
9. Biochar
10. Sustainable circular economy involving carbon material
11. Limitations of photosynthesis
12. Modification and improvement of current photosynthetic systems in higher plants
13. Machine learning classification-based algorithms to forecast optimal plant growth conditions
14. Integrated framework for machine learning-based agricultural yield prediction methods
15. Applications of machine learning for improving photosynthesis and agricultural yield
16. Application of ML
17. Conclusions
Glossary
List of abbreviations
Chapter Thirteen. Policy planning and implementation for carbon capture technologies
1. Introduction
2. Research area
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusion
Chapter Fourteen. E-fuels: Pathway toward cleaner future
1. Introduction
2. Hydrogen production
3. Hydrogen-based e-fuel production
4. Environmental impacts
5. Future outlooks of e-fuels
6. Conclusions
Chapter Fifteen. CO2 sequestration for conventional utilization and industrial application
1. Introduction
2. Carbon sequestration using different technological approaches
3. Conclusion
Section D. Waste to energy
Chapter Sixteen. The significant role of waste to energy on decarbonization
1. Introduction
2. Definition decarbonization
3. Relationship between decarbonization and WtE
4. Principle of decarbonization in WtE systems
5. WtE implementation
6. Effectiveness of WtE technology on decarbonization
7. Innovation in WtE technology
8. Conclusions
Chapter Seventeen. Green energy from waste to promote decarbonization
1. Introduction
2. Green energy concept and decarbonization
3. Solid waste management strategies
4. Briquetting from waste and environmental concerns
5. Decarbonization due to briquetting process
6. Future concerns
7. Conclusions
Chapter Eighteen. Involvement of the informal plastic recycler in reducing carbon emission: A review
1. Introduction
2. Informal plastic recycler
3. Treatment of plastic waste in informal recycler
4. A market condition in the informal plastic recycling
5. Challenges face by informal plastic recyclers
6. Carbon emission from informal plastic waste
7. Strategies to increase carbon emission saving
8. Conclusion
Section E. Case studies of successful energy transition
Chapter Nineteen. Successful energy transition—Case study in Indonesia
1. Introduction
2. History of energy transition in Indonesia
3. Energy consumption profile
4. Renewable energy and energy mix
5. Energy and decarbonization policies
6. National energy transition steps
7. Challenges and achievements
8. Conclusion
Chapter Twenty. Decarbonization pathways for transition in Indonesian power sector—Converting landfilled waste into electricity
1. Objective
2. Scope
3. Audience
List of abbreviations
List of annotation
Chapter Twenty One. A case study on the decarbonization of environment and production of bioenergy from Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. in Kottayam district, India
1. Objective
2. Scope
3. Audience
4. Rationale of the study
5. Expected results and deliverables
6. Workflow
7. Challenges and solutions
8. Results
9. Learning and knowledge outcomes
Chapter Twenty Two. Agronomic practices for storing soil carbon and reducing greenhouse gas emission in the Mediterranean region
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Mediterranean climatic conditions
4. Mediterranean soil physicochemical properties
5. Soil microbial community, activity, biogeochemical cycles, and GHG emission
6. Soil management, Carbon farming, and GHG emission in Mediterranean arable land
7. Agroforestry
8. Long-term case studies
9. Strategies for agro-climatic site mapping and adapting suitability
10. Conclusion and future perspective
Chapter Twenty Three. Harnessing home gardens for sustainable agroforestry: A promising approach to reducing greenhouse gas emission
1. Objective
2. Audience
3. Rationale
4. Expected results and deliverables
5. Actions taken/workflow/tools used/simulations and analyses
6. Results
7. Learning and knowledge outcomes
Chapter Twenty Four. Nanomaterials and novel solvents for carbon capture technologies
1. Carbon emissions and mitigation
2. Organic frameworks for carbon capture
3. Inorganic materials
4. Dual application materials
5. Ionic liquids as solvents for conversion of carbon dioxide
6. Solvents
7. Recycling to chemical forms
8. The mesoporous and ultra-microporous nanomaterials for carbon dioxide absorption
9. Conclusions
Chapter Twenty Five. Landfill gas as a source of energy to promote decarbonization: Evaluation of Yazd county landfill, Iran
1. Introduction
2. Yazd municipal waste
3. Segregation of waste in Yazd: Aware, willing, and capability of households
4. Urban waste in Yazd City: The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for waste management
5. Yazd landfill methane production capability
6. Conclusion
Chapter Twenty Six. Green energy from waste to promote decarbonization: A case study in Brazil
1. Introduction
2. Transition to a low-carbon context
3. Potential of low-carbon hydrogen in Brazil
4. Routes for hydrogen production
5. Biomass hydrogen
6. Generating electricity for electrolysis from waste biomass
7. Hydrogen cells and their role in decarbonization
8. Fuel cells
9. Security on hydrogen storage
10. Safe hydrogen
11. Primary sources of hydrogen
12. Anaerobic digestion
13. Recycling
14. Heat treatment
15. Power generation sources in Brazil (current and projections)
16. Waste-to-energy recovery plants
17. A case study in Brazil
18. Metodology
Chapter Twenty Seven. Decarbonizing iron and steel sectors in India
1. Introduction
2. India’s greenhouse gas emissions
3. Iron and steel industry in India—Production and policy
4. Future emissions: 2030
5. Pathways for carbon intensity reduction in the steel sector
6. Decarbonizing India's iron and steel sectors: Key findings and recommendations
7. Conclusions
Index

Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad

Dr. Prasad is Emeritus Professor, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad (India). He has made outstanding contributions to the fields of bioremediation, bioresources, biomass energy sources, bioeconomy, and to the broad field of environmental biotechnology, all of which are his main areas of expertise. Dr. Prasad has served the Government of India’s Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change as a member of various advisory committees on biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, pollution control and abatement, environmental information systems and bioremediation of contaminated sites. He is an active visiting scientist for several international universities.

Affiliations and expertise

Emeritus Professor and Former Dean, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

Larry Erickson

Larry E. Erickson received doctorate in 1964 in chemical engineering from Kansas State University. He has been a member of the chemical engineering faculty at K-State since 1964. In 1967-68 he conducted research in biochemical engineering at the University of Pennsylvania, and introduced courses in biochemical engineering and bioseparations at K-State. From 1985-2018, he has provided leadership for hazardous substance research at K-State. From 1989-2003, he was director of the Great Plains/Rocky Mountain Hazardous Substance Research Center, a consortium of universities with headquarters at K-State. In order to advance pollution prevention and improve environmental management, he introduced seminars in hazardous waste engineering, air quality, and sustainability. He has worked with more than 70 graduate students, coauthored more than 450 papers, traveled professionally to more than 25 countries, and participated in more than $50 million of funded research projects. In January 2015, he transitioned to emeritus professor of chemical engineering. He has been employed by Mobil Oil Company, ESSO Research and Engineering Co., Humble Oil and Refining Company. He has been a visiting faculty member at MIT, University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino, Russia, and Institute of Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, USA

Fabio Carvalho Nunes

Fabio C Nunes is Professor and Researcher, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia (IF BAIANO). Environmental consultant job in licensing projects, impact assessment and environmental management. Geographer (2002), M.Sc. Geochemistry and Environment (2005), Ph.D. in Coastal and Sedimentary Geology from the Federal University of Bahia (2011). Develops scientific research with soils, soil-plant interactions, environmental impact assessment (EIA), recovery of degraded areas and education. Environmental Consultant since 2005 and 120 technical reports, Professor in the Faculty of Technology and Sciences - FTC (2006-2011), Professor since August 2011 in the Instituto Federal of Bahia (IF BAIANO), teaching for graduation Geography, Biological Sciences, and Post-graduation in Professional and Technological Education. Published 21 research articles in peer-reviewed Journals and 22 book chapters in Brazilian and international publishers, such as Elsevier and John Wiley & Sons.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor and Researcher, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia (IF BAIANO). Environmental consultant job in licensing projects, impact assessment and environmental management, Brazil

Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan

Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan is an assistant professor from Department of Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, and a researcher in Environmental Sustainability Research Center (ENSI-RC) Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia. He pursued M.Sc. in soil remediation in Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia and Ph.D. in Environmental Systems in The University of Kitakyushu. Now, he works on the environmental systems and management, mostly in waste management and its impact to air pollution. He developed scientific measurements on open burning emission. He also studied about life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), dynamic system, and Geographical Information System (GIS) modelling for environmental system analysis. He published 17 research articles in international peer-reviewed journals and 3 book chapters in Wiley Online Library.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor from Department of Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, and a researcher in Environmental Sustainability Research Center (ENSI-RC) Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

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Decarbonization Strategies and Drivers to Achieve Carbon Neutrality for Sustainability

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Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad

Larry Erickson

Fabio Carvalho Nunes

Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan