Critical Materials
- 1st Edition - October 21, 2020
- Latest edition
- Author: Alexander King
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 7 8 9 - 0
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 7 9 0 - 6
Critical Materials takes a case-study approach, describing materials supply-chain failures from the bronze age to present day. It looks at why these failures occurred, what the… Read more
Critical Materials takes a case-study approach, describing materials supply-chain failures from the bronze age to present day. It looks at why these failures occurred, what the consequences were, and how they were resolved. It identifies key lessons to guide responses to current and anticipated materials shortages at a time when the world’s growing middle class is creating unprecedented demand for manufactured products and the increasingly exotic materials that go into them. This book serves as a guide to materials researchers and industrial end-users for finding effective approaches to shortages of specialty materials.
The lessons in the book are also appropriate to those who use materials and for those involved in manufacturing supply-chain management and industrial design.
- Instructs the reader on how to select the most effective strategies to deal with materials supply-chain failures
- Discusses technical feasibility, economic viability and the political context
- Includes an extensive use of case studies to illustrate key concepts of criticality
Materials scientists, materials engineers in industry, supply chain managers, government officials
1: Why are we worried? The rare earth crisis and its impacts.
2: This is not new. A short history of supply-chain failures.Copper and the end of the Bronze AgeThe Venetian monopoly on glassThe wars of the twentieth centuryCobalt (1978)Molybdenum (1980 and 2004)Rhenium (2006-2008)NiobiumTantalumSiliconLessons learned
3: Assessing the Risks.Defining and measuring criticalityWhat criticality is and is notComparisons among different assessmentsTechnological, social and economic factors causing criticality to riseTipping points. What takes us from criticality to crisis?Lessons learned
4: Impacts. What changed when supply crises happened?Impacts on existing technologies (case studies)Impacts on emerging technologies (case studies)Lessons learned
5: Mitigating Criticality, part I. Technology Substitution.Making do without a materialCosts and trade-offsShort and long-term solutionsLessons learned
6: Mitigating Criticality, part II. Material Substitution.The new challenge of inventing materials on demandEffective R&D tools and techniquesBuilding research teamsMaterials Genome InitiativeA few successesLessons learned
7: Mitigating Criticality, part III. Source Diversification.How are mines developed?Conventional minesUnconventional sourcesCo-productionLessons learned
8: Mitigating Criticality, part IV. Reuse and Recycling.Urban mines vs. conventional minesTechnological vs. regulatory solutionsSuccesses and failuresLessons learned
9: Tactical Responses to Crises and Strategies for Avoiding Them.Starting preparations soonerShortening the R&D timelineReducing complexity – lessons from nature.
- Edition: 1
- Latest edition
- Published: October 21, 2020
- Language: English
AK
Alexander King
Alex King is a professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Iowa State University. He earned his doctorate from Oxford University and did his post-doc work at both Oxford University and MIT. He went on to join the faculty at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, where he also served as the Vice Provost for Graduate Studies (Dean of the Graduate School). He was the Head of the School of Materials Engineering at Purdue from 1999 to 2007. From 2008 until 2013 he was the Director of DOE’s Ames Laboratory and became the Founding Director of the Critical Materials Institute from 2013 through 2018.
Dr. King is a Fellow of the Institute of Mining Minerals and Materials; ASM International; and the Materials Research Society. He was also a Visiting Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science in 1996 and a US Department of State Jefferson Science Fellow for 2005-06. He served as the President of MRS in 2002, Chair of the University Materials Council of North America from 2006-07, Co-chair of the Gordon Conference on Physical Metallurgy in 2006, and Chair of the APS Interest Group on Energy Research and Applications for 2010. Dr. King was named the recipient of the 2019 Acta Materialia Hollomon Award for Materials and Society.
Alex King delivered a TEDx talk on critical materials in 2013 and was the TMS & ASM Distinguished Lecturer on Materials and Society in 2017. He is currently a scientific adviser for Harvard’s Material Alchemy (described as “translating science into commercial products that use sustainable materials”) and a member of the Advisory Board of CHiMaD (the Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, funded by the Department of Commerce, and led by Northwestern University).
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, USA.Read Critical Materials on ScienceDirect