Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Structures

2nd Edition - February 20, 2023
Editor: Amir Poursaee
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 8 4 0 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 1 3 2 - 9

Essential reading for researchers, practitioners, and engineers, this book covers not only all the important aspects in the field of corrosion of steel reinforced concrete but al… Read more

Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Structures

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Essential reading for researchers, practitioners, and engineers, this book covers not only all the important aspects in the field of corrosion of steel reinforced concrete but also discusses new topics and future trends. Theoretical concepts of corrosion of steel in concrete structures, the variety of reinforcing materials and concrete, including stainless steel and galvanized steel, measurements and evaluations, such as electrochemical techniques and acoustic emission, protection and maintenance methods, and modelling, latest developments, and future trends in the field are discussed.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
Preface to the Second Edition
1. An introduction to corrosion of engineering materials
1.1. Introduction – the ubiquitous nature of corrosion
1.2. Thermodynamics is on the side of corrosion
1.3. Kinetics are on the side of the metals
1.4. Forms of corrosion
1.5. A brief history of corrosion of reinforcing steel
1.6. The magnitude of the corrosion issue in general
1.7. Magnitude of corrosion issue specifically related to RC structures
1.8. Conclusion
2. Principles of corrosion of steel in concrete structures
2.1. Introduction
3. Assessing a concrete's resistance to chloride ion ingress using the formation factor
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Background
3.3. Experimental techniques
3.4. Microstructural parameters
3.5. Specifying formation factor
3.6. Conclusions
4. Chloride corrosion threshold
4.1. Background
4.2. Experimental laboratory tests
4.3. Field tests
4.4. The influence of concrete mix design and exposure conditions
4.5. The CCT of corrosion-resistant grades of rebar
4.6. The influence of the chloride cation
4.7. Conclusions
5. Corrosion of prestress and posttension reinforced concrete bridges
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Materials
5.3. Overview of corrosion mechanisms
5.4. Overview of corrosion failures and recent corrosion problems
5.5. Cathodic protection
5.6. PT grout testing
5.7. Closing remarks
6. Corrosion of stainless steel reinforcemnt in concrete
6.1. Rationale for the use of stainless alloys as reinforcing bars in chloride-contaminated environments
6.2. Experience to date with stainless rebar in the field
6.3. Available grades of stainless rebar
6.4. Experimental corrosion tests for stainless rebar
6.5. Results to date on corrosion behavior of stainless rebar
6.6. Conclusions
7. Corrosion of epoxy-coated steel in concrete
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Use
7.3. Current specifications
7.4. Specification changes
7.5. Manufacture
7.6. Fabrication
7.7. Field handling
7.8. Corrosion research
7.9. Changes in agency specification of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel
7.10. Summary
7.11. Sources of further information
8. Galvanized steel reinforcement: recent developments and future opportunities
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Galvanized reinforcement
8.3. Laboratory studies
8.4. Field studies
8.5. Design and fabrication
8.6. Applications of galvanized reinforcement
8.7. Future opportunities
8.8. Summary
8.9. Further information
9. Influence of the microstructure of the carbon steel reinforcing bar on its corrosion in concrete
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Influence of steel microstructure on its corrosion behavior
9.3. Influence of steel surface microstructure of its corrosion in concrete
10. Effect of different concrete materials on the corrosion of the embedded reinforcing steel
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Chloride ingress resistance
10.3. Carbonation resistance
10.4. Future trends
10.5. Conclusions
11. Corrosion measurement and evaluation techniques of steel in concrete structures
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Half-cell potential technique
11.3. Linear polarization resistance (LPR)
11.4. Galvanostatic pulse technique
11.5. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
11.6. Cyclic polarization
11.7. Cyclic voltammetry (CV)
11.8. Mott-Schottky technique
11.9. Corrosion sensors for field monitoring
12. Monitoring corrosion of steel in concrete structures
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Roles and concepts of monitoring
12.3. Parameters relevant for corrosion and types of sensors
12.4. Interpretation of monitoring data
12.5. Conclusions and outlook
13. Acoustic emission monitoring for corrosion damage detection and classification
13.1. Overview of the acoustic emission technique
13.2. Mechanism of corrosion detection using acoustic emission
13.3. Case studies for corrosion detection using AE
13.4. Corrosion classification using AE
13.5. Small scale specimens
13.6. Special considerations and potential applications in field
13.7. Special considerations for wireless sensing
13.8. Summary
14. Practical field implementation of corrosion measurement methods
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Half-cell potential
14.3. Linear polarization resistance
14.4. Galvanodynamic and potentiodynamic techniques
14.5. Galvanostatic and potentiostatic techniques
14.6. Coulostatic technique
14.7. Connectionless electrical pulse response analysis (CEPRA)
14.8. Practical aspects and case study
15. Corrosion protection methods of steel in concrete
15.1. Cathodic protection
15.2. Electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE)
15.3. Inhibitors
16. Modeling corrosion of steel in concrete
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Kinetics of steel corrosion in concrete
16.3. Theoretical/numerical modeling of corrosion current density
16.4. Environmental conditions and material/chemical properties of concrete around steel reinforcement
16.5. Empirical models and other practical approaches for predicting corrosion current density
16.6. Atomistic/molecular modeling to develop fundamental understanding
16.7. Conclusions
17. Future trends in research on reinforcement corrosion
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Processes leading to reinforcement corrosion
17.3. Corrosion onset. Chloride threshold
17.4. Corrosion propagation
17.5. Modeling of service life
17.6. Additional preventive measures
17.7. Repair techniques
17.8. Corrosion measurement techniques
17.9. Final comments
Index

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Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Structures

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Amir Poursaee