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Corrosion Engineering
Principles and Solved Problems
- 2nd Edition - November 1, 2024
- Author: Branko N. Popov
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 0 1 1 - 1
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 0 1 2 - 8
Corrosion Engineering: Principles and Solved Problems, Second Edition gives a comprehensive overview and introduction to the field through an extensive theoretical descripti… Read more
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Request a sales quoteCorrosion Engineering: Principles and Solved Problems, Second Edition gives a comprehensive overview and introduction to the field through an extensive theoretical description of the principles of corrosion theory, passivity and corrosion prevention strategies and design of corrosion protection systems.
The second edition has been thoroughly updated with new knowledge and includes solved corrosion case studies, corrosion analysis and solved corrosion problems to help the reader to understand the corrosion fundamental principles from thermodynamics and electrochemical kinetics, the mechanism that triggers the corrosion processes at the metal interface and how to control or inhibit the corrosion rates. A key goal of the updated book is to help the next generation of engineers and scientists: (i) understand the theory of hydrogen embrittlement and stress corrosion cracking as well as hydrogen damage prevention strategies, (ii) design models for developing hydrogen damage-resistant alloys, and (iii) prevent damage of different industrial components due to the presence and localization of hydrogen in metals. To accomplish these objectives, the book offers case studies of hydrogen permeation, hydrogen embrittlement, mechanical properties of alloys, and hydrogen damage control.
The book covers the multidisciplinary nature of corrosion engineering through topics from electrochemistry, thermodynamics, mechanical, bioengineering, and civil engineering as well as materials science. It will appeal to students and instructors studying or teaching upper undergraduate/graduate level courses as well as researchers, and engineers in industry across these areas.
- Addresses corrosion theory, passivity, material selections and designs
- Extensive coverage of corrosion engineering protection strategies
- Contains over 500 solved problems, diagrams, case studies and end-of-chapter exercises
- Suitable for advanced/graduate corrosion courses as well as self-study reference for corrosion engineers
New to this edition:
- New chapters focusing further on the key topic of hydrogen corrosion: its entry into metals and alloys and the manifestation of hydrogen embrittlement, as well as the mechanisms of hydrogen degradation on metals
Corrosion engineers, and scientists in electrochemical, corrosion, mechanical, and civil engineering, and material science attending the University Programs Instructors who teach undergraduate/graduate level courses and short courses in corrosion engineering, mechanical engineering, hydrogen embrittlement and materials science Engineers in: NASA, nuclear energy, defense, aviation industries and in various industries including chemical, metallurgy, civil and construction. Also intended for practicing corrosion engineers, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, civil engineers, materials scientists, and energy engineers Graduate and undergraduate students who take corrosion engineering courses in chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, chemistry, and materials science courses
1: Evaluation of Corrosion
Abstract
1.1 Significance and Cost of Corrosion
1.2 Definition
1.3 Conditions for the Initiation of Corrosion
1.4 Electrochemical Polarization
1.5 Passivity
1.6 Types of Corrosion
1.7 Brief Description of Different Types of Corrosion
1.8 Corrosion Rate Determination
References
2: Thermodynamics in the Electrochemical Reactions of Corrosion
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Electrochemical Corrosion
2.3 Thermodynamics of Corrosion Processes
2.4 Equilibrium Electrode Potentials
2.5 Electrochemical Half-Cells and Electrode Potentials
2.6 Electromotive Force Series
2.7 Determination of Electrochemical/Corrosion Reaction Direction by Gibbs Energy
2.8 Reference Electrodes of Importance in Corrosion Processes
2.9 Measurement of Reversible Cell Potential with Liquid Junction Potential
2.10 Measurement of Corrosion Potential
2.11 Construction of Pourbaix Diagrams
2.12 Case Studies
Exercises
References
3: Electrochemical Kinetics of Corrosion
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Ohmic Polarization
3.3 Electrochemical Polarization
3.4 Concentration Polarization
3.5 Relevance of Electrochemical Kinetics to Corrosion
3.6 Construction of Evans Diagrams
3.7 Effects of Polarization Behaviour on the Corrosion Rate
3.8 Effects of Mass Transfer on Electrode Kinetics
Exercises
References
4: Passivity
Abstract
4.1 Active-Passive Corrosion Behaviour
4.2 Applications of Potentiostatic Polarization Measurements
4.3 Galvanostatic Anode Polarization
4.4 Fundamentals of Passivity
4.5 Factors Affecting Passivation
4.6 Methods for Spontaneous Passivation of Metals
4.7 Alloy Evaluation
4.8 Anodic Protection
4.9 Composition and Structure of Iron Passive Films
Exercises
References
5: Basics of Corrosion Measurements
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Polarization Resistance
5.3 Calculation of Corrosion Rates from Polarization Data-Stern and Geary Equation
5.4 Electrochemical Techniques to Measure Polarization Resistance
5.5 Applications of Linear Polarization Technique—Estimation of Corrosion Rates
5.6 Corrosion Potential Measurements as a Function of Time (OCP vs. Time)
5.7 Tafel Extrapolation Method
5.8 Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements
5.9 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
5.10 Advantages and Limitations of EIS
5.11 Recent Corrosion Research
Exercises
References
6: Galvanic Corrosion
Abstract
6.1 Definition of Galvanic Corrosion
6.2 Galvanic Series
6.3 Experimental Measurements
6.4 Prevention of Galvanic Corrosion
6.5 Theoretical Aspects
6.6 Testing Methods in Galvanic Corrosion
6.7 Automotive Applications
6.8 Galvanic Corrosion in Concrete Structures
6.9 Refrigeration
6.10 Dental Applications
6.11 Corrosion of Microstructures
6.12 Galvanic Coatings
6.13 Numerical Modelling of Galvanic Corrosion Couples
Exercises
References
7: Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Critical Pitting Potential and Evaluation of Pitting Corrosion
7.3 Mechanism of Pitting Corrosion
7.4 Effect of Temperature
7.5 Effects of Alloy Composition on Pitting Corrosion
7.6 Inhibition of Pitting Corrosion
7.7 Crevice Corrosion
7.8 Filiform Corrosion
7.9 Prevention
Exercises
References
8: Hydrogen Permeation and Hydrogen-Induced
Cracking
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
8.3 Hydrogen-Induced Damage
8.4 Hydrogen- Induced Cracking
8.5 Mathematical Model and Experimental study on hydrogen permeation through zinc-nickel alloys under corroding conditions.
8.6 Recent Studies in Hydrogen -induced damage
8.7 Preventing Hydrogen Damage in Metals
Exercises
References
9: Stress Corrosion Cracking
Abstract
9.1 Definition and Characteristics of Stress Corrosion Cracking
9.2 Testing Methods
9.3 Fracture Mechanics Testing
9.4 Examples of Stress Corrosion Cracking
9.5 SCC Models
9.6 Metallurgy of Stress Corrosion Cracking
Electrochemical Effects
9.8 Hydrogen Embrittlement
9.9 Corrosion Fatigue Cracking
9.10 Prevention of Stress Corrosion Cracking
Exercises
References
New Chapters
10: Hydrogen Entry into metals and alloys
Abstract
Thermodynamic Properties and Solubility of Hydrogen
Solubility of Hydrogen
Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals and alloys
Hydrogen Segregation to vacances and dislocation
Solubility Enhancement in Cold _Worked Palladium
Aloys.
Partial Molar Volume and Interactions with stress and
Strain Fields.
10.7 Lattice Location of Hydrogen
Case Studies
10.9 References
11: Mechanisms of Hydrogen Degradation on
Metals
Abstract
Internal Pressure Mechanism
Surface Energy (Absorption Mechanism)
Hydrogen Enhanced decohesion Mechanism (HEDE)
Adsorption Induced Localized Slip Model
Corrosion Enhanced Plasticity (CEO) Model.
Hydrogen-Induced Phase Transformation (HIPT)
Description of Hydrogen Induced Cracking
Factors which control the hydride Embrittlement
Hydrogen induced martensitic transformation
Adsorption-induced dislocation emission mechanism
Hydrogen Enhanced Localized Plasticity (HELP) mechanism
Hydrogen-enhanced strain-induced vacancy formation (HESIV)
Conclusion
Case Studies
References
12: Atmospheric Corrosion
Abstract
Introduction
Atmospheric Classification
Electrochemical Mechanism
Factors Affecting Atmospheric Corrosion
Atmospheric Corrosion of Selected Metals
Classification of Atmospheric Corrosion
Role of Pollutants
References
13: High-Temperature Corrosion
Abstract
Introduction
High-Temperature Corrosion Thermodynamics
Pilling-Bedworth Ratio
13.4 Formation of Oxide Layers at High Temperature
Electrochemical Nature of Oxidation Processes
13. 6 Oxidation Kinetics
Hot Corrosion
Methods of Protecting Against Hot Corrosion and High-Temperature Corrosion
Exercises
References
14: Corrosion of Structural Concrete
Abstract
Introduction Corrosion Mechanism of
Reinforcement in Concrete
Electrochemical Techniques for Corrosion Evaluation of Reinforcement in Concrete
Chloride-Induced Damage
Corrosion Control of Reinforcing Steel
Inhibitors
Sacrificial Zinc Coatings
Concrete Permeability
Prediction of Corrosion Initiation Time and Life of Rebars under Real Time (Practical Conditions
Mathematical Modelling of Corrosion Initiation time of steel reinforcement in a chloride environment a one dimensional solution
Development at the Centre for Electrochemical Engineering SimCorrTM software to predict corrosion initiation time for various cases.
References
15: Organic Coatings
Abstract
15. 2 Introduction
Classification of Organic Coatings
Pigments
Solvents, Additives, and Fillers
Surface Preparation
Application
Exposure Testing
Electrochemical Techniques
Evaluation Methods
Chemical and Physical Aging of Organic Coatings
References
16: Corrosion Inhibitors
Abstract
Introduction
Types of Inhibitors
Anodic passivating Inhibitors
Cathodic Precipitation Inhibitors
Organic Inhibitors
Ohmic Inhibitors
Vapor phase Inhibitors
Anodic Inorganic Inhibitors
References
17: Cathodic Protection
Abstract
Introduction
Fundamentals
Cathodic Protection Criteria
Field Data and Design Aspects
Monitoring Methods
Design of Cathodic Protection Systems
Computer-Aided Design of Cathodic Protection
Exercises
17.10 References
Solutions Guide
Solutions Guide: Chapter 2: Thermodynamics in the Electrochemical Reactions of Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 3: Electrochemical Kinetics of Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 4: Passivity
Solutions Guide: Chapter 5: Basics of Corrosion Measurements
Solutions Guide: Chapter 6: Galvanic Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 7: Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 8: Hydrogen Permeation and Hydrogen-Induced Cracking
Solutions Guide: Chapter 9: Stress Corrosion Cracking
Solutions Guide: Chapter 11: High-Temperature Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 15: Cathodic Protection
Index
Abstract
1.1 Significance and Cost of Corrosion
1.2 Definition
1.3 Conditions for the Initiation of Corrosion
1.4 Electrochemical Polarization
1.5 Passivity
1.6 Types of Corrosion
1.7 Brief Description of Different Types of Corrosion
1.8 Corrosion Rate Determination
References
2: Thermodynamics in the Electrochemical Reactions of Corrosion
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Electrochemical Corrosion
2.3 Thermodynamics of Corrosion Processes
2.4 Equilibrium Electrode Potentials
2.5 Electrochemical Half-Cells and Electrode Potentials
2.6 Electromotive Force Series
2.7 Determination of Electrochemical/Corrosion Reaction Direction by Gibbs Energy
2.8 Reference Electrodes of Importance in Corrosion Processes
2.9 Measurement of Reversible Cell Potential with Liquid Junction Potential
2.10 Measurement of Corrosion Potential
2.11 Construction of Pourbaix Diagrams
2.12 Case Studies
Exercises
References
3: Electrochemical Kinetics of Corrosion
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Ohmic Polarization
3.3 Electrochemical Polarization
3.4 Concentration Polarization
3.5 Relevance of Electrochemical Kinetics to Corrosion
3.6 Construction of Evans Diagrams
3.7 Effects of Polarization Behaviour on the Corrosion Rate
3.8 Effects of Mass Transfer on Electrode Kinetics
Exercises
References
4: Passivity
Abstract
4.1 Active-Passive Corrosion Behaviour
4.2 Applications of Potentiostatic Polarization Measurements
4.3 Galvanostatic Anode Polarization
4.4 Fundamentals of Passivity
4.5 Factors Affecting Passivation
4.6 Methods for Spontaneous Passivation of Metals
4.7 Alloy Evaluation
4.8 Anodic Protection
4.9 Composition and Structure of Iron Passive Films
Exercises
References
5: Basics of Corrosion Measurements
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Polarization Resistance
5.3 Calculation of Corrosion Rates from Polarization Data-Stern and Geary Equation
5.4 Electrochemical Techniques to Measure Polarization Resistance
5.5 Applications of Linear Polarization Technique—Estimation of Corrosion Rates
5.6 Corrosion Potential Measurements as a Function of Time (OCP vs. Time)
5.7 Tafel Extrapolation Method
5.8 Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements
5.9 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
5.10 Advantages and Limitations of EIS
5.11 Recent Corrosion Research
Exercises
References
6: Galvanic Corrosion
Abstract
6.1 Definition of Galvanic Corrosion
6.2 Galvanic Series
6.3 Experimental Measurements
6.4 Prevention of Galvanic Corrosion
6.5 Theoretical Aspects
6.6 Testing Methods in Galvanic Corrosion
6.7 Automotive Applications
6.8 Galvanic Corrosion in Concrete Structures
6.9 Refrigeration
6.10 Dental Applications
6.11 Corrosion of Microstructures
6.12 Galvanic Coatings
6.13 Numerical Modelling of Galvanic Corrosion Couples
Exercises
References
7: Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Critical Pitting Potential and Evaluation of Pitting Corrosion
7.3 Mechanism of Pitting Corrosion
7.4 Effect of Temperature
7.5 Effects of Alloy Composition on Pitting Corrosion
7.6 Inhibition of Pitting Corrosion
7.7 Crevice Corrosion
7.8 Filiform Corrosion
7.9 Prevention
Exercises
References
8: Hydrogen Permeation and Hydrogen-Induced
Cracking
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
8.3 Hydrogen-Induced Damage
8.4 Hydrogen- Induced Cracking
8.5 Mathematical Model and Experimental study on hydrogen permeation through zinc-nickel alloys under corroding conditions.
8.6 Recent Studies in Hydrogen -induced damage
8.7 Preventing Hydrogen Damage in Metals
Exercises
References
9: Stress Corrosion Cracking
Abstract
9.1 Definition and Characteristics of Stress Corrosion Cracking
9.2 Testing Methods
9.3 Fracture Mechanics Testing
9.4 Examples of Stress Corrosion Cracking
9.5 SCC Models
9.6 Metallurgy of Stress Corrosion Cracking
Electrochemical Effects
9.8 Hydrogen Embrittlement
9.9 Corrosion Fatigue Cracking
9.10 Prevention of Stress Corrosion Cracking
Exercises
References
New Chapters
10: Hydrogen Entry into metals and alloys
Abstract
Thermodynamic Properties and Solubility of Hydrogen
Solubility of Hydrogen
Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals and alloys
Hydrogen Segregation to vacances and dislocation
Solubility Enhancement in Cold _Worked Palladium
Aloys.
Partial Molar Volume and Interactions with stress and
Strain Fields.
10.7 Lattice Location of Hydrogen
Case Studies
10.9 References
11: Mechanisms of Hydrogen Degradation on
Metals
Abstract
Internal Pressure Mechanism
Surface Energy (Absorption Mechanism)
Hydrogen Enhanced decohesion Mechanism (HEDE)
Adsorption Induced Localized Slip Model
Corrosion Enhanced Plasticity (CEO) Model.
Hydrogen-Induced Phase Transformation (HIPT)
Description of Hydrogen Induced Cracking
Factors which control the hydride Embrittlement
Hydrogen induced martensitic transformation
Adsorption-induced dislocation emission mechanism
Hydrogen Enhanced Localized Plasticity (HELP) mechanism
Hydrogen-enhanced strain-induced vacancy formation (HESIV)
Conclusion
Case Studies
References
12: Atmospheric Corrosion
Abstract
Introduction
Atmospheric Classification
Electrochemical Mechanism
Factors Affecting Atmospheric Corrosion
Atmospheric Corrosion of Selected Metals
Classification of Atmospheric Corrosion
Role of Pollutants
References
13: High-Temperature Corrosion
Abstract
Introduction
High-Temperature Corrosion Thermodynamics
Pilling-Bedworth Ratio
13.4 Formation of Oxide Layers at High Temperature
Electrochemical Nature of Oxidation Processes
13. 6 Oxidation Kinetics
Hot Corrosion
Methods of Protecting Against Hot Corrosion and High-Temperature Corrosion
Exercises
References
14: Corrosion of Structural Concrete
Abstract
Introduction Corrosion Mechanism of
Reinforcement in Concrete
Electrochemical Techniques for Corrosion Evaluation of Reinforcement in Concrete
Chloride-Induced Damage
Corrosion Control of Reinforcing Steel
Inhibitors
Sacrificial Zinc Coatings
Concrete Permeability
Prediction of Corrosion Initiation Time and Life of Rebars under Real Time (Practical Conditions
Mathematical Modelling of Corrosion Initiation time of steel reinforcement in a chloride environment a one dimensional solution
Development at the Centre for Electrochemical Engineering SimCorrTM software to predict corrosion initiation time for various cases.
References
15: Organic Coatings
Abstract
15. 2 Introduction
Classification of Organic Coatings
Pigments
Solvents, Additives, and Fillers
Surface Preparation
Application
Exposure Testing
Electrochemical Techniques
Evaluation Methods
Chemical and Physical Aging of Organic Coatings
References
16: Corrosion Inhibitors
Abstract
Introduction
Types of Inhibitors
Anodic passivating Inhibitors
Cathodic Precipitation Inhibitors
Organic Inhibitors
Ohmic Inhibitors
Vapor phase Inhibitors
Anodic Inorganic Inhibitors
References
17: Cathodic Protection
Abstract
Introduction
Fundamentals
Cathodic Protection Criteria
Field Data and Design Aspects
Monitoring Methods
Design of Cathodic Protection Systems
Computer-Aided Design of Cathodic Protection
Exercises
17.10 References
Solutions Guide
Solutions Guide: Chapter 2: Thermodynamics in the Electrochemical Reactions of Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 3: Electrochemical Kinetics of Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 4: Passivity
Solutions Guide: Chapter 5: Basics of Corrosion Measurements
Solutions Guide: Chapter 6: Galvanic Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 7: Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 8: Hydrogen Permeation and Hydrogen-Induced Cracking
Solutions Guide: Chapter 9: Stress Corrosion Cracking
Solutions Guide: Chapter 11: High-Temperature Corrosion
Solutions Guide: Chapter 15: Cathodic Protection
Index
- No. of pages: 1036
- Language: English
- Edition: 2
- Published: November 1, 2024
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780443220111
BP
Branko N. Popov
Branko N. Popov is Carolina Distinguished Professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, USA is. He has established at USC an internationally recognized research program in corrosion and electrochemical engineering and is among the world’s most highly cited and respected researchers in the field.
In the last four years, his work at University of South Carolina led to research grants of $10M from the government and industry. During his seventeen years of service at USC and as the Director of the Centre for Electrochemical engineering. his research group has published 220 peer-reviewed articles, 52 proceeding volume articles, and 13 book chapters. His research group presented more than 220 conference papers on the National and International Conferences organized globally. His research group presented more than 235 conference papers on the National and International Conferences organized globally. He has received funding from DOE, NSF, ONR, ARMY, Reconnaissance Office, NRO, NASA, AESF, DOT and private companies. Dr. Popov has been included in the lists in 2014 and 2015 of ISI Highly Cited Researchers, which represents a world’s leading scientist, according to Tomson Reuters. According to Scholar Commons, his papers were accessed more than 53,500 times.
Affiliations and expertise
Carolina Distinguished Professor and Director of the Centre for Electrochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA