Computer Programming and Architecture
The Vax
- 2nd Edition - September 15, 1988
- Imprint: Digital Press
- Authors: Henry Levy, Richard Eckhouse
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 9 3 3 - 0 8 2 4 - 8
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 9 9 3 7 - 2
Takes a unique systems approach to programming and architecture of the VAXUsing the VAX as a detailed example, the first half of this book offers a complete course in assembly… Read more
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Request a sales quoteTakes a unique systems approach to programming and architecture of the VAX
Using the VAX as a detailed example, the first half of this book offers a complete course in assembly language programming. The second describes higher-level systems issues in computer architecture. Highlights include the VAX assembler and debugger, other modern architectures such as RISCs, multiprocessing and parallel computing, microprogramming, caches and translation buffers, and an appendix on the Berkeley UNIX assembler.
Using the VAX as a detailed example, the first half of this book offers a complete course in assembly language programming. The second describes higher-level systems issues in computer architecture. Highlights include the VAX assembler and debugger, other modern architectures such as RISCs, multiprocessing and parallel computing, microprogramming, caches and translation buffers, and an appendix on the Berkeley UNIX assembler.
Software programmers intersted in VAX hardware
Preface
I Architecture and Implementation
Organization of This Book
Review of Number Systems
Number Systems
Binary and Hexadecimal Representations
Negative Numbers
Exercises
2 Computer Structures and the VAX
Computer Structures
The Memory
The Central Processing Unit
Instruction Execution
Classes of Instruction Architectures
The Input/Output System
Describing Computer Structures
Introduction to the VAX
VAX Information Units and Data Types
Integers
Floating-Point Numbers
Alphanumeric Characters
Decimal Strings
Summary of Data Types
Summary
Exercises
3 The Program Assembler and Debugger
Assembler Statement Types
VAX Instruction Format
The Functions of a Symbolic Assembler
The Location Counter
Symbols
Constants
Storage Allocation
Storing Strings
Expressions
Control Statements
Labels
The Listing
The Assembly Process
The Program Debugger
Using the Debugger
Examining and Depositing
Basic Control Flow
Setting Breakpoints, Watchpoints, and Tracepoints
Using the Screen
First Program Example: Simple Output
Conventions for Writing Programs
Exercises
4 Instruction and Addressing Fundamentals
VAX Instruction Characteristics
Generic Operations
Control Flow
Operand-Addressing Techniques
Simple Addressing
Immediate Mode
General-Purpose Registers
Indirect Mode
Register Autoincrement and Autodecrement Modes
Operand Context
Displacement Mode
Index Mode
A Simple Example
Exercises
5 VAX Instruction Encoding
General Instruction Format
Encoding an Instruction
Program-Counter Relative Addressing
Immediate Addressing
Absolute Addressing
Branch Addressing
Summary
Exercises
5 Advanced Control Structures
The Jump Instruction
Case Statements
Loops
The Stack
Subroutines and Procedures
Argument Lists and Call Instructions
The Argument Pointer
Saving Registers
An Example Procedure
The Call Frame
Local Variables
Fast Linkages
Recursion
Reentrant Routines
Macros
Creating Local Labels
Macro Calls within Macro Definitions
Argument Concatenation
Repeat Blocks
Conditional Assembly
Summary
Exercises
7 More VAX Data Types
Bits and Bit Fields
Logical Bit Instructions
Single-Bit Instructions
Variable-Length Bit Fields
Converting Integer Data Types
Character Strings
Packed Decimal String Instructions
Multiple-Precision Integer Arithmetic
Floating-Point Arithmetic
Exercises
8 Linked Data Structures
Multi-Element Structures and Records
Arrays
Circular Lists
Linked Lists
Doubly Linked Lists
Self-Relative Queues
Trees
Summary
Exercises
9 Analysis of the VAX Instruction Set
Exercises
1 0 Comparative Architectures
General Issues in Instruction Set Design
The IBM System 360/370
The CDC Cyber Series
The Intel 80386 Microprocessor
Reduced Instruction Set Computers
Berkeley RISC II
Summary
Exercises
11 Physical Input and Output
I/O Processing
Control and Status Registers and I/O Space
Low-Speed Devices
The Line Printer
Terminal Multiplexing
High-Speed Devices
Magnetic Disks
Simplified Disk Control
Magnetic Tape
Mass Storage Control Protocol Networks
The Initial Bootstrap Problem
Summary
Exercises
1 2 The Support of an Operating System
Sharing the Processor
Sharing the Memory
Processes
Processor Access Modes
Process Access Mode Stacks
Changing Modes
Checking for Accessibility
Process Context Switching
Summary of Process Concepts
VAX Memory Management
VAX Memory Structure
VAX Page Tables
VAX Address-Space Regions
System Space
Process Space
Privileged Processor Registers
Summary of Memory Management Concepts
Interrupt and Exception Handling
Interrupts and Exceptions
Interrupts
Exceptions
Interrupt and Exception Vectors
Software Interrupts
Summary of Condition and Exception Handling
Summary
Exercises
1 3 T h e Structure of a VAX Operating System
Process Scheduling
VMS Process Scheduling
VMS Scheduler Context-Switch Example
Process Paging
VMS Memory Management
Paging under VMS
Swapping under VMS
Input and Output Processing
The VMS I/O System
VMS I/O Database
VMS I/O System Components
I/O Control Flow
The Use of Interrupt Priority Levels
Synchronizing I/O Database Access
System Service Implementation
Summary
Exercises
1 4 Caches and Translation Buffers
Choice of Memory Technology and Structure
The Fastest Technology Approach
Cache Memory Approach
Associative Memories and Cache Organization
Issues in Cache Design
Cache Coherency in Multiprocessors
Multilevel Caches
An Example Cache Organization: The VAX 6200
The Translation Buffer
The Instruction Buffer
Summary
Exercises
1 5 Microprogramming
Instruction to Microprogramming
Organization of a Simple Micromachine
The Data Path in a Simple Machine
The Control Unit in a Simple Machine
The MicroVAX I Microarchitecture
The MicroVAX I Data Path
MicroVAX I Data-Path Control
Microinstruction Branching
Execution of a VAX Instruction
Microarchitecture Alternatives
Exercises
1 6 Parallelism and Parallel Computer Systems
Classifying Multicomputer Systems
Pipelined Processors
Multiple Functional Units and Hazards
Vector Machines: The Cray-1
Multiprocessors
Multiprocessor Organizations
What Is Required for Multiprocessing?
Examples of Multiprocessor Systems
The Connection Machine: A Highly Parallel SIMD Machine
The Butterfly: An Interconnection Network Machine
MIMD Hypercube Machines
Summary
Exercises
Appendix A The Ultrix Assembler
Appendix B VAX Instruction Set Description
Bibliography
Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: September 15, 1988
- Imprint: Digital Press
- No. of pages: 444
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9781493308248
- eBook ISBN: 9781483299372
HL
Henry Levy
Affiliations and expertise
University of WashingtonRE
Richard Eckhouse
Affiliations and expertise
University of MassachusettsRead Computer Programming and Architecture on ScienceDirect