Community Health Nursing

Cover image

Title page

Table of Contents

Copyright

Preface

    List of Illustrations

1.  Introduction to community health and community health nursing

    Definitions

    Aims of community health nursing

    Objectives

    How to achieve the goal?

    Principles of community health nursing

    Changing concepts of community health

    Concepts of community health nursing

    Qualities of community health nurse

    Philosophy of community health nursing

    Historical development of community health and community health nursing in India

    Scope of community health nursing practice

    Review questions

    References

2.  Health planning and policies and problems

    Introduction

    Five year plans in India

    Health committees

    Central council of health and family welfare

    National health policies (1983, 2002)

    National health policy-III, 2017

    Policy thrust

    National population policy

    Health problems in India

    Summary

    Review questions

    References

3.  Delivery of community health services

    Introduction

    Planning

    Budgeting in health care system

    Health care financing

    Material management

    Organization, staffing and functions at village level, subcentre, PHC, CHC, subdivisional/taluk, district hospital, central, state, district

    Urban health infrastructure

    Environmental sanitation

    Health education

    Vital statistics

    Maternal health centres

    Medical termination of pregnancy act

    Medical termination amendment bill

    Safe abortion services at various levels of care

    Female foeticide act

    Family welfare programmes

    Family planning services at various levels of care

    Components of health services

    National health programmes

    School health services

    Occupational health

    Defence services

    Institutional services

    Systems of medicine and health care

    Social and spiritual healing

    Mainstreaming of AYUSH under NRHM

    Referral system

    Review questions

    References

4.  Community health nursing approaches, concepts and roles and responsibilities of nursing personnel

    Epidemiological approach

    Theories and models for community health nursing

    Community health nursing process

    Problem-solving approach

    Evidence-based approach

    Primary health care

    Family health services

    Roles and responsibilities of community health nursing (CHN) in family health service (fig. 4.7)

    Home visiting

    Information, education and communication

    Health management information system

    Nursing management information system (NMIS)

    Maintenance of records and reports

    Training and supervision

    Role of community health nurse in national health programmes

    School health services

    Occupational health

    Organization of clinics and camps

    Health care waste management

    Review questions

    References

5.  Activities of community health nurse in assisting individuals and groups to promote and maintain their health

    Introduction

    Growth and development

    Weight measurement

    Blood pressure monitoring in the home/community settings

    Menstrual cycle

    Breast self-examination

    Testicular self-examination

    Warning signs of five severe diseases

    Routine health check-ups

    Immunization and immunization schedule

    Diagnosing illness and the diagnostic process

    Treatment

    Counselling

    Health records maintained at public health settings

    Waste management

    Social issues

    Women’s empowerment

    Violence/abuse against women

    Child abuse

    Elder abuse

    Female feticide

    Review questions

    References

6.  National health and family welfare programmes in India and the health schemes in India

    National health programmes in India

    Eradication programmes

    Elimination programmes

    Control programmes

    Nutritional programmes

    Programmes related to system strengthening and welfare

    Other health and sanitation programmes

    Health screening

    National programme for control and treatment of occupational diseases

    Health schemes

    Review questions

    References

7.  Health agencies

    International health agencies

    World Health Organization

    The United Nations fund for population activities

    United Nations development programme (UNDP)

    World Bank

    Food and agriculture organization (FAO)

    United Nations international children’s emergency fund (UNICEF)

    Danish international development agency (DANIDA)

    European Commission

    International Red Cross

    The United States agency for international development (USAID)

    United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization

    Colombo plan

    Cooperative for assistance and relief everywhere (CARE)

    International labour organization (ILO)

    Joint United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)

    Ford foundation

    Voluntary health agencies

    Review questions

    References

Index