Combustion of Liquid Fuel Sprays

PrefaceChapter 1 Spray Combustion as a Source of Energy 1.1 The General Nature of Spray Combustion 1.2 Sources of Liquid Fuels Used in Spray Combustion 1.3 Biomass Sources of Liquid Fuels 1.4 The Nature and Properties of Fuel OilsChapter 2 The Properties of Sprays 2.1 Experimental Methods for Determining Droplet Size Distributions 2.2 Measurements of Droplet Velocity and Direction 2.3 Determination of the Spatial Distribution of Droplets Produced by an Atomiser 2.4 Laser Sheet Techniques 2.5 Mathematical Representation of Droplet Sizes 2.6 Mathematical Representation of Mean Droplet DiametersChapter 3 The Atomisation of Liquid Fuels 3.1 The Process of Atomisation 3.2 Pressure Jet Atomisers 3.3 Twin-Fluid Atomisers 3.4 Assisted Pressure Jet Atomisers (Air Assisted Atomisers) 3.5 Rotary Atomisers 3.6 Impinging Jet Atomisers 3.7 Ultrasonic Atomisers 3.8 Vibrating Orifice Aerosol Generator 3.9 Oxy-Oil AtomisersChapter 4 The Combustion of Droplets of Liquid Fuels 4.1 The Nature of Single Droplet Combustion 4.2 Studies of the Rate of Combustion of Volatile Droplets 4.3 Theoretical Models of the Combustion of Volatile Droplets 4.4 The Combustion of Industrial Fuel Oils 4.5 Combustion of Droplets of Monopropellants 4.6 The Combustion of Moving Droplets 4.7 Ignition of DropletsChater 5 Spray Combustion 5.1 Spray Combustion in One-Dimensional Systems 5.2 Combustion in Rocket Combustion Chambers 5.3 Combustion in Laminar Flames of Sprays and Mists 5.4 Limits of Inflammability 5.5 Combustion of Sprays in Stirred ReactorsChapter 6 The Nature and Control of Pollutants from 6.1 Spray Combustion 6.2 The Formation and Control of Particulate Materials 6.3 The Formation of Carbon Monoxide 6.4 Pollutants Originating from Sulphur Present in Liquid Fuels 6.4 The Formation and Control of Oxides of NitrogenChapter 7 The Combustion of Two-Phase Fuels 7.1 The Combustion of Coal-Water Slurries 7.2 Bitumen-Water Slurry Fuels 7.3 Other Fuel-Water Slurry Fuels 7.4 Coal-Oil MixturesChapter 8 Deposits from Oil Fired Systems 8.1 The Formation of Inorganic Deposits 8.2 Inorganic Deposits from Liquid Fuels Containing Coal 8.3 Carbon Deposits in Oil-Fired Furnaces 8.4 Carbon Deposits in Diesel EnginesChapter 9 Theoretical Modelling of Spray Combustion 9.1 Basic Conservation Equation for Gas Phase Motion 9.2 The Spray Model 9.3 Solution of the Equations 9.4 Applications of Spray Combustion ModellingChapter 10 Combustion of Sprays in Furnaces 10.1 General Features of Industrial Oil Burners 10.2 Aerodjmamic Features of Spray Flames in Stationary Combustion Units 10.3 High Intensity Combustors 10.4 Furnace Applications 10.5 Boiler Applications and Process HeatingChapter 11 Combustion of Sprays in Engines 11.1 Compression Ignition Engines 11.2 Gas Turbines 11.3 Liquid-Propellant RocketsReferencesAppendicesAppendix 1 Table of Energy and Power EquivalentsAppendix 2 Interconversion of Viscosity ReadingsAppendix 3 Gamma FunctionsAppendix 4 Values of Equilibrium ConstantsAppendix 5 Combustion Calculations for Fuel OilAppendix 6 Flame Temperature CalculationsIndex