Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

1st Edition - October 30, 2024
Editors: Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Michael K Danquah, Jaison Jeevanandam, Daniel Ingo Hefft, Sharadwata Pan, Tabassum Asif Khan
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 9 9 7 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 9 9 8 - 7

Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications explores the use of chitosan-based nanoparticles as a sustainable solution for the development of improved therapeut… Read more

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Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications explores the use of chitosan-based nanoparticles as a sustainable solution for the development of improved therapeutic and diagnostic techniques. A range of biomedical applications is reviewed, including treatment against highly resistant bacteria and parasites; tissue regeneration; drug delivery, and more. Moreover, the application of chitosan-based nanoparticles for the effective delivery of hormones, vaccines, phytochemicals, nutraceuticals, and their application in immobilization of enzymes is also discussed in detail. This book provides a state-of-the-art overview for materials scientists, pharmaceutical scientists, and researchers with an interest in the development of novel materials for therapeutics.

Title of Book
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Chapter 1. Extraction, properties, and modification of chitosan-based nanoparticles
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Preparation of chitosan
1.3 Extraction of Chitosan-based nanoparticles
1.4 Properties of chitosan
1.5 Properties of chitosan-based nanoparticles
1.6 Uses of chitosan-based nanoparticles
1.7 Modification of chitosan-based nanoparticles
1.8 Recent reports on chitosan-based nanoparticles
1.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Bioinformatics, instrumentation, and control for modeling, synthesis, and characterization of chitosan based nanoparticles
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Bioinformatics and its role in chitosan-based nanoparticle synthesis
2.3 Integration of biological and chemical data
2.4 Examples of bioinformatics tools and databases for nanoparticle research
2.5 Instrumentation for nanoparticle synthesis
2.6 Modeling the synthesis of nanoparticle-based on chitosan
2.7 Integration of bioinformatics, instrumentation, and modeling
2.8 Integration of bioinformatics and instrumentation in nanoparticle research
2.9 Characterization of chitosan nanoparticles
2.10 Predictive modeling and design of chitosan nanoparticles
2.11 Targeted delivery systems
2.12 Computational modeling techniques
2.13 Bioinformatics tools for molecular modeling
2.14 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. Biosynthesized and natural chitosan-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Properties of chitosans
3.3 Synthesis and characterization of biosynthesized and natural chitosan-based nanoparticles
3.4 Natural chitosan-based nanoparticles
3.5 Natural sources of chitosans
3.6 Extraction techniques for chitosan from natural sources
3.7 Characterization of natural chitosan-based nanoparticles
3.8 Biomedical applications of biosynthesized and natural chitosan-based nanoparticles
3.9 Toxicity and biocompatibility issues
3.10 In vivo studies of chitosan-based nanoparticles
3.11 Regulatory and ethical considerations
3.12 Emerging trends in chitosan-based nanoparticle
3.13 Future direction for research and development
3.14 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4. Chitosan-based nanoformulation of phytochemicals for biomedical applications
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles in biomedical industries
4.3 Application of chitosan-based nanoparticle in bacterial infection treatment
References
Chapter 5. Chitosan-based nanoformulation of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Production and characterization of metal oxide and metal nanoparticles
5.3 Characterization techniques of nanoparticles
5.4 Utility of chitosan-based nanoformulations in biomedical and environmental field
5.5 Utility of chitosan-based nanoformulations in biomedical imaging and diagnosis
5.6 Industrial and environmental applications
5.7 Challenges and future directions associated with natural chitosan-based nanoparticles
5.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6. Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Challenges in current cancer treatment approaches
6.3 Properties of chitosan
6.4 Advantages of chitosan-based nanoparticles for cancer therapy in the delivery of drugs
6.5 Synthesis of chitosan-based nanoparticles
6.6 Importance of controlled synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles
6.7 Chemotherapeutic agents
6.8 Cell culture studies demonstrating nanoparticles effectiveness
6.9 Assessment of cytotoxicity and biocompatibility
6.10 Animal model in evaluation of therapeutic outcomes
References
Chapter 7. Chitosan-based nanoparticles for insulin delivery and diabetes treatment
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Glucose and its regulation
7.3 Insulin
7.4 Mechanism of action of insulin
7.5 Management of diabetes
7.6 Nanotechnology and uses in biomedicine
7.7 Use of nanoparticles in food technology
7.8 Application of nanoparticles in cosmetology
7.9 Nanoparticles in medicine
7.10 Chitosan
7.11 Chitosan as nanoparticle for insulin delivery
7.12 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8. Enhanced chitosan-based nanoformulation for antifungal applications
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Chitosan
8.3 Chitosan-based nanoformulations
8.4 Chitosan-based nanoformulations and applications
8.5 Chitosan-based nanoformulations and antifungal activity
8.6 Target parts of fungi
8.7 Going forward: how to further improve the antifungal activity
8.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9. Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles as an effective antibacterial agent
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Chitosan-based nanoparticles as antibacterial agents
9.3 Mode of action of chitosan-based nanoparticles on bacteria
9.4 Factors influencing the bacterial efficacy of chitosan-based nanoparticles
9.5 Applications of the antibacterial efficacy of chitosan-embedded nanoparticles
9.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10. Chitosan-based nanoparticles to treat highly resistant microorganisms and pathogenic parasites
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 General overview of highly resistant microorganisms and pathogenic parasites
10.3 General overview of parasites with specific examples
10.4 Mechanisms of chitosan-based nanoparticles against highly resistant microorganisms and pathogenic parasites
10.5 Bacteriostatic or bactericidal?
10.6 Membrane destruction or disruption?
10.7 Oxidative stress
10.8 Immune system modulation
10.9 Factors affecting antibacterial activity
10.10 Bacterial species type
10.11 Bacterial growth stage
10.12 Zeta potential
10.13 pH
10.14 Concentrations
10.15 Effect of molecular weight and acetylation level
10.16 Advantages and limitations in medical aspects
10.17 Limitations
10.18 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11. Healthcare application of chitosan-based nanoparticles incorporated with antimicrobial textile
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Sources and chemical composition of chitosan
11.3 Improving the efficacy of chitosan
11.4 Chitosan characteristics
11.5 Physical properties of chitosan
11.6 Solubility of chitosan
11.7 Chemical properties of chitosan
11.8 Biodegradability of chitosan
11.9 Toxicity of chitosan nanoparticles
11.10 Modification of chitosan
11.11 Antimicrobial properties of chitosan
11.12 Biomedical application of chitosan as nanoparticulate polymer formulations
11.13 Nanoparticles as spray-drying preparation
11.14 Nanoparticles loaded electrospun nanofibers
11.15 D-nanofibrous scaffold
11.16 Halloysite nanotube-based nanocomposite films
11.17 Freeze-dried biocompatible nanocomposite carboxymethyl cellulose
11.18 Nanotechnology in textile applications
11.19 Nanofilament and chitosan-based filament
11.20 Chitosan-textile finishing and its applications
11.21 Chitosan as a microbial inhibitor in textile-finishing
11.22 Antimicrobial mechanisms of chitosan nanoparticles
11.23 Chitosan advantages as a microbicidal agent incorporated in textiles
11.24 Drawbacks of chitosan as a textile microbicidal agent
11.25 Summary
11.26 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles for the treatment of kidney diseases
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Chitosan-based nanoparticles
12.3 Kidney diseases
12.4 Effective application of chitosan-based nanoparticles for the treatment of kidney diseases
12.5 Current scenario and future perspectives
12.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13. Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles for the treatment of liver diseases
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Chitosan
13.3 Nanochitosan preparation
13.4 Toxicity of chitosan nanoparticles
13.5 Benefits derived from nanochitosan
13.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14. Chitosan-based nanoparticles for the treatment of neurological disorders
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Chitosan
14.3 Potential use of nanoparticles as drug carriers
14.4 Chitosan based nanoparticles
14.5 Challenges in neurological disorder treatments
14.6 Application of chitosan based nanoparticles in neuronal disorders
14.7 Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
14.8 Application of chitosan based nanoparticles in treatment of Parkinson’s disease
14.9 Application of chitosan based nanoparticles in treatment of epilepsy
14.10 Application of chitosan based nanoparticles in treatment of multiple sclerosis
14.11 Application of chitosan based nanoparticles in treatment of strokes
14.12 Limitations associated with the use of chitosan based nanoparticles for the treatment of neurological disorders
14.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15. Chitosan based nanoparticles for the treatment of rare genetic diseases
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Rare genetic diseases: prevalence and impact on patients and families
15.3 Chitosan-based nanoparticles: harnessing biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity for advanced drug delivery systems
15.4 Drug delivery potential of chitosan-based nanoparticles: enhancing therapeutic outcomes
15.5 Significance of chitosan-based nanoparticles in rare genetic diseases
15.6 Applications of chitosan-based nanoparticles in the treatment of rare genetic diseases: unveiling therapeutic possibilities through advanced drug delivery
15.7 Recent studies and their relevance to the global economy
15.8 Challenges and future directions in the utilization of chitosan-based nanoparticles for treating rare genetic diseases
15.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16. Chitosan-based nanoformulations for alopecia treatment
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Minoxidil topical administration methods
16.3 Nanomaterials for androgenetic alopecia drug delivery
16.4 Problems with toxicity
16.5 Regulatory affairs
16.6 Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 17. Chitosan-based nanoformulation as nebulizer for nasal drug delivery in cystic fibrosis treatment
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Cystic fibrosis
17.3 Chitosan-based nanoformulations
17.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18. Chitosan-based nanoparticles as an antihypercholesterol agent
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Pathogenesis of hypercholesterolemia
18.3 Chitosan-based nanoparticles
18.4 Chitosan-based nanoparticles as an anti-hypercholesterol agent
18.5 Summary and future perspectives
References
Chapter 19. Chitosan based nanocarriers for delivery of therapeutic agents
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Chitosan nanoparticles
19.3 Recent in vivo/in vitro investigation of chitosan-based nanoparticles as therapeutic agent
19.4 Future challenges and opportunities
19.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 20. Chitosan-based nanoparticles as an effective hormone delivery agent
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 The fundamentals of chitosan
20.3 Chitosan-based nanomaterials for controlled bioactive agents release
20.4 Chitosan-based nanoparticles for hormone delivery
20.5 Delivery of estradiol
20.6 Delivery of progesterone
20.7 Delivery of human chorionic gonadotropin
20.8 Delivery of follicle-stimulating hormone
20.9 Delivery of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
20.10 Delivery of oxytocin
20.11 Delivery of insulin
20.12 Delivery of thyroxin
20.13 Delivery of testosterone
20.14 Delivery of growth hormone-releasing hormone
20.15 Conclusion
References
Chapter 21. Chitosan-based nanoparticles for tissue engineering and wound healing application
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Chitosan-based nanoparticles in tissue engineering
21.3 Bone regeneration using chitosan-based nanoparticles
21.4 Dental regeneration using chitosan-based nanoparticles
21.5 Cartilage regeneration using chitosan-based nanoparticles
21.6 Cardiac and nervous tissues regeneration using chitosan-based biomaterials
21.7 Wound healing
21.8 Chitosan-based biomaterials for wound healing and skin regeneration
21.9 Chitosan-based membranes for wound healing and skin regeneration
21.10 Chitosan-based hydrogels for wound healing and skin regeneration
21.11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 22. Nutraceutical applications of chitosan-based nanoparticles
Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Natural products
22.3 Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles
22.4 Synthesis of nanoparticles from biological samples of plants
22.5 Nutraceutical applications of chitosan-based nanoparticles
22.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 23. Machine learning models in clinical trials of chitosan-based nanoparticles potency
Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 The significance of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques
23.3 Machine learning techniques
23.4 Nanoinformatics and machine learning
23.5 Challenges in the domains of machine learning and nanoinformatics
23.6 Clinical trials for nanomedicine
23.7 Clinical trials using machine learning for nanoparticles based on chitosan
23.8 The machine learning models in different clinical trials of chitosan-based nanoparticles
23.9 Biosafety and efficacy evaluation
23.10 Knowledge discovery and data integration
23.11 Drug delivery optimization
23.12 Personalized treatment strategies
23.13 Toxicity prediction
23.14 Examples of artificial intelligence and machine learning applications in nanosecurity
23.15 Conclusion
Reference
Chapter 24. Toxicology of nanoengineered chitosan
Abstract
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Physicochemical properties of chitosan-based nanoparticles
24.3 Toxicology of nanoengineered chitosans
24.4 Nanochitosan biodegradation
24.5 Biodistribution of nanoengineered chitosan
24.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 25. Chitosan-based nanoparticles in the management of cardiovascular disease
Abstract
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Delivery of microRNAs by chitosan nanoparticles to functionally alter macrophage cholesterol efflux in vitro and in vivo
25.3 Challenges and future directions
25.4 Nanoparticles for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases
25.5 Novel approaches and combinations
25.6 Addressing insufficient local drug deposit
25.7 Chitosan and curcumin nanoformulations against potential cardiac risks associated with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in Wistar male rats
25.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 26. Chitin and chitosan: evolving application landscape in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery
Abstract
Highlights
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Chitin and chitosan in bone tissue engineering application
26.3 Wound healing application
26.4 Chitosan in drug delivery
26.5 Conclusion
26.6 Future prospects
Author contributions
Conflicts of interest
References
Chapter 27. Recent advances in the application of next-generation chitosan-based nanoparticles applied in the management of numerous kidney diseases and its complications
Abstract
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Properties of chitosan-based nanoparticles
27.3 Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles
27.4 Chitosan-based nanoparticles for kidney therapy
27.5 Advances in chitosan-based nanoparticles for drug delivery
27.6 Conclusion and future trends on chitosan-based nanoparticles for the treatment of kidney disease
References
Chapter 28. Current trends in the utilization of next-generation chitosan-based for sustainable treatment of liver diseases
Abstract
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Pathophysiology of liver disease
28.3 Chitosan-based nanoparticles for the treatment of liver disease
28.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 29. Recent applications of chitosan-based nanoformulated metal and metal oxide nanoparticles
Abstract
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Techniques of processing chitosan-based nanoformulation of metal oxide and metal nanoparticles
29.3 Recent advance in chitosan-based nanoformulation of metal oxide and metal nanoparticles
29.4 Significance importance of chitosan-based nanoformulation of metal oxide and metal nanoparticles
29.5 Conclusion and future trends
29.6 Future trends
References
Chapter 30. Application of nanochitosan for detection and diagnosis of diseases
Abstract
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Utilization of nanochitosan for detection and diagnosis of diseases: useful considerations
30.3 Role of nanochitosan in the detection and diagnosis of infertility
30.4 Application of nanochitosan as adjuvant nanodiagnostic for heavy metal–induced diseases
30.5 Nanochitosan for other diagnostic purposes
30.6 Discussion
30.7 Conclusion
References
Index

Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji

Prof. Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji is a full Professor at the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences and the Director of Research and Innovation, Edo State University Uzairue (EDSU), Edo State, Nigeria. He formerly served as the Acting Director of Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer, Head of the Department of Microbiology, and Sub Dean of the Faculty of Science. Currently, he holds the positions of Chairman of the Grant Committee and Dean of the Faculty of Science at EDSU.

Prof. Adetunji is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology in the UK. Additionally, he serves as a Visiting Professor and the Executive Director of the Center for Biotechnology at Precious Cornerstone University, Nigeria. His research centers on applying biological techniques and microbial bioprocesses to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and contribute to advancements in agriculture.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor at the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences and the Director of Research and Innovation, Edo State University Uzairue (EDSU), Edo State, Nigeria.

Michael K Danquah

Dr. Danquah is a full Professor and the Director of Chemical Engineering Program at the University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, United States. He is a Chartered Engineer (CEng), Chartered Professional Engineer (CPEng), Chartered Scientist (CSci) and a Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE). Dr. Danquah’s research focuses on the utilization of bioprocess and biomolecular engineering principles to develop emerging biopharmaceuticals, biosensing and molecular separation systems; environmental bioremediation systems; and biofuels and bio-products. Dr. Danquah’s research findings are well published and cited with over 230 peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, conference publications and technical reports. His research has also resulted in intellectual properties and patent applications, large-scale manufacturing plants, and commercialized products and formulations.

Affiliations and expertise

Chemical Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN, USA

Jaison Jeevanandam

Dr. Jaison Jeevanandam obtained his Ph.D. in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science from Curtin University, Malaysia. His Ph.D. project focused on the development of a novel nanomedicine for reversing insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetes. He has experience in nanoparticle synthesis, especially in green synthesis using plant extracts, characterization, cytotoxic analysis of nanoparticles, and in vitro analysis in diabetic models. His current research focuses on the application of bionanotechnology in the development of nanoformulations for drug delivery. Dr. Jaison has authored an edited book on ‘Research advances in dynamic light scattering’ for Nova Science Publishers, United States and contributed about 16 book chapters and 28 journal articles along with some conference papers.

Affiliations and expertise

CQM (Madeira Chemistry Research Centre), University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal

Daniel Ingo Hefft

Daniel Hefft is a food engineer from Germany. He is the team lead of the Product Research and Ingredients Team within the Consulting Technologies group at Campden BRI. He is also an Honorary Research Fellow of Chemical Engineering in the School of Chemical Engineering of the University of Birmingham. Prior to this appointment, Daniel lectured in Food Sciences, Dairy Technology/ Engineering, and Precision Agriculture at University Centre Reaseheath and served as the Academic Director of the Institute of Sustainability and Food Innovation. He got his undergraduate degree and food engineering qualification from Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe with specialisation in cereal technology. He has a MSc degree from the University of Reading and PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University Birmingham. He has been awarded Research Fellowships (2019) and a Research Affiliation in Nanoengineering (2020-2021) with the University of Birmingham. Further he has extensive years of experience in the food industry, having worked for a range of leading companies. His speciality are food process design and engineering. He was the founder and past CTO of Rheality Ltd (2020-2021), which utilises a novel and patented technology based on acoustic sensing and machine learning for live and in situ rheology measurements. He is also co-inventor of a new packaging system that extends shelf-life of fresh produce without the need of active cooling. Daniel is also the founder of the Engineering for Food and Drinks Special Interest group at the Institution of Agricultural Engineers and its current chair. Since 2018 he gained professional recognition as a Chartered Engineer with the Institution of Agricultural Engineers. He is further involved in the Association of German Food Technologists (GDL e.V.), a lifetime member of the Society of Dairy Technology, the International Society of Food Engineering, and the Institute of Physics (IOP). He is a Chartered Scientist with the IOP since 2021. His academic contributions include 60+ scientific publications in internationally recognised, high impact factor, peer-reviewed journals, and books. He has been awarded with the Distinguished Scientist award in Chemical Engineering by PCU in 2020. Further, there are two patents to his name relating to the invention of an in-line rheometry device and a novel composite packaging for primary and secondary application.

Affiliations and expertise

School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Product Research, Campden BRI, Chipping Campden, UK

Sharadwata Pan

Dr. Sharadwata Pan obtained his tertiary education (Bachelors and Masters in Technology, 2002-2007) in Biotechnology in India. Following this, he obtained his PhD degree in 2015, working in an interdisciplinary area transcending molecular biotechnology and polymer physics, via a unique, dual-badged programme between Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India and Monash University, Australia. Since 2016, he is working in Germany, first as a scientific staff at the Technical University of Munich (2016-2023), and currently (2023-to date), in the same capacity at the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. For the past 6 years or so, his main expertise encompass developing the next generation of patentable healthcare, cosmetics and biomedical products, partnering with German SMEs and raising third party research grants (> 1M €) to carry out cutting edge and application oriented research, primarily targeted towards industrial product development. His main focus lies on generating sustainable solutions and specializes in benchmarking existing commercial products and conceptualization of innovative techniques to tune novel prototypes.

Affiliations and expertise

Materials Research Scientist, Institute of Fluid Mechanics, Department of Chemical and Bioengineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.

Tabassum Asif Khan

Dr. Tabassum Khan is currently full professor and Head of depatment in Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India. Her research focuses on pharmaceutical chemistry for the synthesis of innovative drugs, biomaterials and nanoparticles for cancer and other specific disease treatment. She has been awarded with SHASTRI fellow – SMP by Ministry of Human Resource and Development, Government of India in 2017-2018. She has procured about 24.6 million Indian rupees as research grant from various national and international funding agency. Further, she has been a reviewer for research projects and centers in various countries, such as Poland, Serbia, Canada, and South Africa. She has published about 54 peer-reviewed journal articles, 6 book chapters, 1 patent and filed 4 patent applications.

Affiliations and expertise

Full professor and Head, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.

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Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

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Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji

Michael K Danquah

Jaison Jeevanandam

Daniel Ingo Hefft

Sharadwata Pan

Tabassum Asif Khan