Cerebral Asymmetries

1st Edition, Volume 208 - March 13, 2025
Imprint: Elsevier
Editors: Costanza Papagno, Paul Corballis
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 6 4 6 - 5
eBook ISBN:
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Cerebral Asymmetries, Volume 208 summarizes research on cerebral hemispheric asymmetries and their implication for consciousness cognition, language emotion, behavior movement,… Read more

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Cerebral Asymmetries, Volume 208 summarizes research on cerebral hemispheric asymmetries and their implication for consciousness cognition, language emotion, behavior movement, and neurological disease. The book discusses anatomy and networks, genetics, hormones, and evolution, although it is primarily focused on animal research as it relates back to humans.

Cerebral Asymmetries
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Series Page
Copyright
In Memoriam
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series
Foreword
Preface
Contributors
Chapter 1 Cerebral asymmetry: Historical introduction
Abstract
Keywords
Before Broca
Broca and the Cancel Culture
The Golden Age of Cortical Localization
Antilocalizationist Tendencies in Neurology and Psychology
Lashley and the Coalescence Between Neurology and Psychology
Donald Hebb and Brenda Milner
Roger Sperry, the Riddle of the Corpus Callosum and the Split Brain
References
Section I: Anatomic asymmetries
Chapter 2 Asymmetries in the human brain
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Asymmetries From the Cortex to Receptors
Connectional Anatomy
Connectional Asymmetries
Connectional variability
Commissural pathways
Association pathways
Projection pathways
U-shaped tracts
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3 Latent dimensions of brain asymmetry
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Dimensions of Functional Lateralization
Handedness
Language lateralization
Functional laterality beyond handedness and language
Network analysis of functional laterality
Dimensions of Structural Asymmetry
Brain torque
Global asymmetries beyond brain torque
Network analysis of structural asymmetry
Dimensional Associations Between Functional Laterality and Structural Asymmetry
Concluding Remarks and Future Directions
References
Chapter 4 The relationship between brain and visceral asymmetry: Evidence from situs inversus in humans
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Visceral Asymmetry
Phenotypes of visceral asymmetry
Cause of visceral situs anomalies
Ontogenesis of visceral asymmetry
Brain Asymmetry
Left–right asymmetry of the neurocognitive system
Ontogenesis of brain asymmetry
Are asymmetries of visceral and brain development related?
Atypical Brain Asymmetry in Human Visceral Situs Anomalies
Systematic review
Discussion
References
Section II: Clinical
Chapter 5 Oncology: Brain asymmetries in language-relevant brain tumors
Abstract
Keywords
Incidence, Prevalence, and Prognosis of Brain Tumors
Types of brain tumors
Brain Tumors and Differences
Sex differences
Cognitive difference with left- and right-hemispheric tumors
Lobar differences
Techniques to Identify Tumors Affecting the Language System
Noninvasive structural and functional techniques
Invasive techniques
Language and Cognitive Profiles in Brain Tumor Patients
Gliomas
Meningiomas
Supplementary motor area syndrome and spontaneous speech
Anatomic and Functional Alterations
White matter dysfunctions and disconnections
Functional connectivity alterations due to tumor lesions
Cortical and Subcortical Areas: Functions and Tasks
Gliomas (awake surgery)
Meningiomas
Effect of Surgery on Language/Cognitive Functions
Glioma (awake procedure)
Meningioma (asleep procedure)
Conclusion
References
Web References
Chapter 6 Cerebral asymmetries in schizophrenia
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Schizophrenia
Cerebral asymmetry in schizophrenia: An historical overview
Structural and functional brain asymmetry in schizophrenia
Asymmetry of language structures and implications for symptoms
Conclusions
References
Chapter 7 Hemispheric asymmetry in neurodegenerative diseases
Abstract
Keywords
Asymmetry in the AD Spectrum
Asymmetry in the FTLD-ALS Spectrum
The semantic variants
Nonfluent/agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia
The behavioral variant
Progressive supranuclear palsy and cortico-basal syndrome
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Asymmetry in PD and Lewy Body Disease (LBD)
Conclusions
References
Section III: Consciousness/attention
Chapter 8 Interhemispheric differences in visual attention
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Alerting
Orienting
Studies on brain-damaged patients
Brain-imaging studies of attention networks
Role of the left hemisphere in visuospatial attention
Effects of attention on interhemispheric transfer
Attention and category-specific cortical areas
Hemispheric differences in unconscious vs conscious attention
Effects of emotion on hemispheric differences in visuospatial attention
Executive Functions
Conclusive Remarks
References
Chapter 9 Left- and right-side unilateral spatial neglect: Hemispheric differences
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Unilateral spatial neglect in humans
The history of neglect
Etiology of neglect
Rare types of neglect
The Lateralization of Neglect in Brain-Damaged Animals
The Lateralization of Neglect in Brain-Damaged Children
Neglect as a Multicomponent Syndrome
Defective manifestations
Productive manifestations
The Assessment of Spatial Neglect
Peri-personal/near extra-personal space
Personal space
Activities of daily living (ADL)
Test batteries
Information technology (IT)
Left vs Right Spatial Neglect
Overall frequency and severity
Behavioral similarities and differences between left-side and right-side neglect
Anatomo-Functional Correlates of Right and Left Spatial Neglect
Extra-personal neglect
Personal neglect
Interim conclusion
Damage to the cerebellum and the brainstem
Hemispheric Differences in Neglect: Anatomo-Functional Models
Hemispheric rivalry (Kinsbourne, 1970, 1993)
Hemispheric differences in orienting spatial attention toward the contralateral and ipsilateral sides of space (Heilman et al., 1987; Mesulam, 2000)
Right and Left-Side Neglect: Aphasia and Crossed Aphasia
The Effects of Asymmetric Sensory Stimulations on Left and Right-Side Neglect
Caloric vestibular stimulation
Prism adaptation
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10 Split-brain patients: A clinical vs experimental perspective
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Early History of the Callosotomy
The First Reports of a Disconnection Effect
Clinical Perspectives of the Behavioral Outcome of Callosotomy
Important Qualifications Regarding the Complete Corpus Callosotomy
Experimental Perspectives on the Behavioral Outcome of Callosotomy (or, Views from a Van)
Communication Between the Hemispheres Outside the Corpus Callosum
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Section IV: Development and Lifespan
Chapter 11 Hemispheric organization of the brain and its prevailing impact on the neuropsychology of aging
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Lateralization of brain function
Benefits of hemispheric asymmetry and bilateral cooperation
Hemispheric Organization and Theories of Neurocognitive Aging
Accelerated right-hemisphere aging
Asymmetry reduction
Dedifferentiation and decline
Bihemispheric recruitment and compensatory overactivation
The right hemisphere and cognitive reserve
Additional Considerations
Bihemispheric neurostimulation
Socioeconomic status and laterality
Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Development of handedness and other lateralized functions during infancy and early childhood
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Conceptualizing the Development of Hemispheric Lateralization
The Historical Approach vs the Intentional Stance Approach to Development
Development of Hand-Use Preferences During Infancy as an Aspect of Handedness Development
What Is Hemispheric Specialization?
How Infant Hand Preferences Could Affect Hemispheric Specialization of Function
The Historical Approach to the Development of Handedness
The Role of Handedness in the Development of Cognitive Functions
Language
Tool use
Perinatal Brain Insult and the Development of Handedness
Cognitive Developmental Consequences of Cerebral Palsy
Conclusions
Conflict of interest
References
Section V: Genetics, hormones, and evolution
Chapter 13 Handedness and brain asymmetries in nonhuman primates
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Handedness in Nonhuman Primates
Gestural communication
Tool use
Neuroanatomic Asymmetries and Their Behavioral Correlates
Central sulcus
Planum temporale
Inferior frontal gyrus
Discussion
Rigor, reproducibility, and statistical power in the study of handedness and brain asymmetries
The determinants of individual and phylogenetic variation in handedness
The dissociation in brain regions associated with handedness in Primates
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 14 Brain and behavioral asymmetries in nonprimate species
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Limb Preference and Motor Biases
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
Invertebrates
Perceptual and Cognitive Asymmetries
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
Invertebrates
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 15 Hemispheric asymmetries, paleoneurology, and the evolution of the human genus
Abstract
Keywords
Brain Evolution and Prehistory
Brains and Endocasts
Brain Asymmetries and Endocranial Morphology
Brain Asymmetries in Fossil Hominids
Craniovascular Traits
Fossil Species, Cognition, and Behavior
Final Remarks and Some Open Questions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 16 Large-scale genetic mapping for human brain asymmetry
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Genome-Wide Association Studies of Brain Structural Asymmetry
Genome-Wide Association Studies of Handedness
Gene-Brain-Handedness Associations
A Role for Microtubules in Left–Right Axis Formation?
Shared Genetic Effects on Brain Asymmetry and Psychiatric Traits
Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 17 Sex/gender differences in hemispheric asymmetries
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Evidence Regarding Sex/Gender Differences in Hemispheric Asymmetries
Structural Cerebral Asymmetries
Functional Cerebral Asymmetries
Contemporary Views of Sex/Gender Differences in Hemispheric Asymmetry
The Biopsychosocial Approach
Clinical Implications
Conclusions
References
Section VI: Language
Chapter 18 Functional and structural brain asymmetries in language processing
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
What is “language”?
Asymmetries in the brain
Components of the Functional Language Network
Components of the Structural Language Network
Development of the Language Network
Functional lateralization during development
Structural lateralization during development
Language development with only one hemisphere
Discussion
Conclusion
Conflicts of interest
References
Chapter 19 Brain asymmetries in figurative language comprehension
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Defining Figures of Speech
The Right-Hemisphere Hypothesis
The Neural Correlates of Idioms
The Neural Correlates of Metaphor
The Neural Correlates of Irony
Conclusions
References
Chapter 20 The lateralization of reading
Abstract
Keywords
History of Lateralization in Reading
The Alexias
Peripheral alexias: Perception
Peripheral alexias: Attention
Central alexias
Tachistoscopic Studies
Typical subjects
Split-brain studies
Lateralization in Neuroimaging
The Role of the Right Hemisphere
Lateralization in the Development of Reading
Typical development
Why is the VWFA on the left? Developmental hypotheses
Developmental dyslexia
Logographic vs Alphabetic Script
Tachistoscopic studies of logographic reading
Event-related potentials of logographic reading
Functional neuroimaging of logographic reading
Neuropsychologic studies of logographic reading
Tactile (Nonvisual) Text: Braille Reading by the Blind
Visual Non-text Reading
Sign language in the deaf
Lip-reading
Non-phonologic Reading of Symbols: Musical Notation
Reading Numbers
Conclusion
References
Chapter 21 Functional and structural brain asymmetries in sign language processing
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
What is “language”?
A Primer on Sign Language Linguistics
Interim summary
Sign Language Acquisition and Development
Interim summary
Sign Language Aphasia
Interim summary
Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Sign Language
Electrophysiologic studies
Magnetic resonance and radionuclide imaging studies
Interim summary
Structural Neuroimaging of Sign Language
Interim summary
Discussion
Toward a Functional Neuroanatomy of Sign Language
Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
References
Chapter 22 Unveiling the hemispheric specialization of language: Organization and neuroplasticity
Abstract
Keywords
General Considerations
Neuroimaging Evidence and Hemispheric Predominance for Language
HSL through the functional brain mapping
HSL through the functional brain connectivity
HSL through the anatomic cortical thickness assessed with VBM-MRI (voxel-based morphometry)
HSL through the anatomic connectivity
Neuroplasticity of the HSL
Reorganization of the HSL in healthy aging
Reorganization of the HSL in poststroke aphasia
Reorganization of the HSL in TLE
Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Section VII: Movement/motor asymmetries/cerebellum
Chapter 23 Cerebellar asymmetries
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Structural Asymmetries
Broad cerebellar structure
Deep cerebellar nuclei
Cytoarchitecture
Summary
Functional Lateralization
Task-based asymmetries
Resting-state connectivity asymmetries
Technical considerations for studying cerebellar lateralization
Summary
Neurochemical Asymmetries
Conclusions
References
Chapter 24 Handedness
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction: What Is Handedness?
The assessment of handedness 1: Hand preference
The assessment of handedness 2: Hand skill
Best practice for handedness assessment in clinical neurologic practice and research
Handedness categories for hand preference
Handedness categories for hand skill
The association between handedness and other forms of motor asymmetries
Handedness and asymmetries in cortical structure
Handedness and the cerebellum
Handedness and the spinal cord
Handedness and asymmetries in brain activity
Handedness and cognitive abilities
Handedness retraining
Conclusion: The critical importance of handedness assessment in clinical neurology and basic neuroscience
References
Chapter 25 Hemispheric asymmetries in the control of upper limb movements
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Upper Limb Apraxia
Clinical manifestations
Clinical assessment
Hemispheric asymmetries in upper limb praxic abilities
Constructional Apraxia
Clinical manifestations
Clinical assessment
Hemispheric asymmetries in constructional abilities
Concluding Remarks
References
Section VIII: Other cognitive and perceptual function
Chapter 26 The arts and hemispheric specialization
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
The Early Dominant Model of Art: Hemispheric Specialization and Functional Localization
Neuropsychologic Logic of Hemispheric Specialization in Art
The Advanced Perspective: Current Understanding of Hemispheric Specialization and Art
Visual Art
Viewers of Artworks: Neuroesthetics
Drawing
Hyperschematia
Left Hemisphere: Color Vision and Meaning of Colors
Literary Arts
Musical Arts
Creativity and Art
Hemispheric Asymmetries: Imagination and Imagery in the Mind of the Artist
Art's Evolutionary Background: Language Laterality, Handedness, and Artmaking
Summary and Conclusions
References
Chapter 27 Emotion: An evolutionary model of lateralization in the human brain
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
The Nature of Emotions
Similarities and differences between the emotional and the cognitive system
Historical Developments of the Construct of Emotional Lateralization
The first clinical observations
Experimental studies that have tried to clarify the meaning of the previous clinical observations
Is Lateralization of Emotions a Phylogenetically Recent or Old Phenomenon?
A critical survey of the literature assuming that emotional asymmetries may have evolved along all vertebrate species
A systematic review of investigations that have studied asymmetries for emotions in nonhuman primates
Are the Main Characteristics of the Right Hemisphere Partly Determined by Evolutionary Factors Linked to Its Involvement in Emotional Functions?
Concluding Remarks
References
Further reading
Chapter 28 Hemispheric asymmetries in face recognition in health and dysfunction
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Evidence for RH Superiority for Face Perception in Typical Observers
Neural Evidence for the Role of the RH in Face Perception
Neuropsychologic investigations
Acquired prosopagnosia
Congenital or developmental prosopagnosia
More General Review of Neuroimaging Studies
New Approaches for Examining Right-Hemisphere Face Superiority
The Emergence of Lateralized Superiority for Faces and Hemispheric Plasticity
Facial Expression Perception
Conclusion
References
Chapter 29 Hemispheric asymmetries in episodic memory
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
The Role of Language, Visuospatial Perception, and Working Memory in Episodic Memory
Where Do Hemispheric Asymmetries in Episodic Memory Come from?
Medial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and the Material-Specific Hypothesis
The Neuroimaging of Memory and the HERA Model
Conclusions
References
Chapter 30 Brain laterality of numbers and calculation: Complex networks and their development
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Clinical Studies: Math Errors Following Left or Right Brain Lesions
Neuroimaging Studies in Healthy Adults
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS)
Studies in Developmental Populations
Right-lateralized parietal activation supports early numerical processing
Bilateral parietal activation emerges in childhood
Cross-hemispheric integration of parietal areas
Hemispheric asymmetries in other regions supporting basic number processing in children
Left- and right-lateralized activation contributes to the typical development of arithmetic skills
The right PSPL
The hippocampus supports encoding numerical facts in the development
Brain correlates in children with mathematical learning difficulties
Conclusions
References
Chapter 31 Seeing and visualizing across the hemispheres
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Visual Object Recognition
Global and local processing of visual information
Integration of the constituent parts of visual objects
Object perception and recognition
Visual Mental Imagery
Conclusions
References
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Cerebral Asymmetries

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Costanza Papagno

Paul Corballis

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