Cerebellar Learning

Chapter 1: Long-Term Depression as a Model of Cerebellar Plasticity

• Abstract
• 1 A Historical Overview of LTD Studies
• 2 Molecular Mechanisms of LTD
• 3 Roles of LTD in Motor Learning
• 4 Significance of LTD in Cerebellar Neural Network
• 5 LTD Versus Learning Mismatch
• 6 Perspectives
• Acknowledgments

Chapter 2: The Organization of Plasticity in the Cerebellar Cortex: From Synapses to Control

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Plasticity in the Granular Layer
• 3 Mossy Fiber–Granule Cell LTP and LTD
• 4 Plasticity in the Molecular Layer
• 5 An Integrated View of Cerebellar Cortical Plasticity
• 6 Cerebellar Cortical Plasticity and Timing
• 7 Integration of Plasticity in the Cerebellar Cortex and Nuclei
• 8 Cerebellar Plasticity in Learning and Control
• 9 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments

Chapter 3: Questioning the Cerebellar Doctrine

• Abstract
• 1 The Cerebellar Doctrine and Its Three Pillars
• 2 The First Pillar: The Sole Cerebellar Function Is to Control Motor Behavior
• 3 The Second Pillar: Inputs Converge Only at the Level of Purkinje Cells
• 4 The Third Pillar: Depression at the Parallel Fiber to Purkinje Cell Synapse Is the Molecular Substrate of Cerebellar Learning
• 5 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 4: Distribution of Neural Plasticity in Cerebellum-Dependent Motor Learning

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Cerebellum-Dependent Learning—Eyeblink and NMR Conditioning as Behavioral Models for Analysis
• 3 Lesion Studies Reveal that NMR Conditioning Depends upon Cerebellar Compartments with C1 and C3 Cortical Zones in Lobule HVI
• 4 Inactivation Experiments Reveal Essential Roles for the Cerebellar Nuclei and Inferior Olive in the Acquisition of NMR and Eyeblink Conditioning
• 5 Inferior Olive Function in NMR and Eyeblink Conditioning
• 6 Cerebellar Cortex Function in NMR and Eyeblink Conditioning
• 7 Distribution of Plasticity at Cerebellar Cortical and Cerebellar Nuclear, or Brainstem, Levels
• 8 Cortical Plasticity in NMR and Eyeblink Conditioning
• 9 Conclusions
• Acknowledgment

Chapter 5: Feedback Control of Learning by the Cerebello-Olivary Pathway

• Abstract
• 1 Feedback is Essential for Learning
• 2 Anticipating Consequences
• 3 Classical Conditioning
• 4 The Cerebellar Microcomplex
• 5 Classical Conditioning Requires the Cerebellum
• 6 The Nucleo-Olivary Pathway and Negative Feedback
• 7 Reaching Equilibrium
• 8 Back to Behavior
• 9 Feedback, Anticipation, and Nucleo-Olivary Inhibition
• 10 Broadening the Perspective

Chapter 6: Cerebellum-Dependent Motor Learning: Lessons from Adaptation of Eye Movements in Primates

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Adaptation of the VOR
• 3 Short-Term Saccadic Adaptation
• 4 Smooth Pursuit Adaptation
• 5 Oculomotor Cerebellum—An Overview
• 6 Floccular Complex
• 7 Oculomotor Vermis
• 8 Complex Spike Activity During STSA and SPA
• 9 Conclusions

Chapter 7: Decorrelation Learning in the Cerebellum: Computational Analysis and Experimental Questions

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Implementation of Learning Rule
• 3 Properties of Learning Rule
• 4 Sensory Prediction
• 5 Motor Control
• 6 Future Directions
• Appendix Derivation of Supervised-Learning Rule
• Acknowledgments

Chapter 8: Modeling the Evolution of the Cerebellum: From Macroevolution to Function

• Abstract
• 1 Cerebellum, Learning, and Human Evolution
• 2 Evolutionary Neuroscience and Its Adoption of the Cerebellum
• 3 Comparative Studies of Cerebellar Connectivity
• 4 Macroevolutionary Studies of the Cerebellum
• 5 How Can Macroevolutionary Studies Contribute to Our Understanding of Cerebellar Function?
• 6 Summary
• Acknowledgment

Chapter 9: Cerebellar and Prefrontal Cortex Contributions to Adaptation, Strategies, and Reinforcement Learning

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 The Cerebellum and Error-Based Learning
• 3 Computational Models of Sensorimotor Adaptation
• 4 Multiple Learning Mechanisms in Sensorimotor Adaptation
• 5 Strategy Use During Sensorimotor Adaptation
• 6 Cerebellar and Neocortical Contributions to Sensorimotor Adaptation
• 7 Systems Interaction in Sensorimotor Learning
• 8 Cerebellum and Sensorimotor Learning: Beyond Adaptation
• 9 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments

Chapter 10: Automatic and Controlled Processing in the Corticocerebellar System

• Abstract
• 1 Dual Systems, Skills, and Habits
• 2 Control Theory
• 3 The Cerebellum and Forward Models
• 4 Cognitive Habits
• 5 Conclusion
• Acknowledgment