Cell Synchrony

Studies in Biosynthetic Regulation

1st Edition - January 1, 1966
Editors: Ivan L. Cameron, George M. Padilla
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 5 2 5 0 - 6
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 2 9 2 5 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 6 8 9 7 - 2

Cell Synchrony: Studies in Biosynthetic Regulation focuses on the processes, principles, applications, methodologies, and approaches involved in biosynthetic regulation, including… Read more

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Cell Synchrony: Studies in Biosynthetic Regulation focuses on the processes, principles, applications, methodologies, and approaches involved in biosynthetic regulation, including chromosome replication, cellular biosynthesis, and enzyme synthesis. The selection first takes a look at the theory of synchronous cultures, synchronous replication of the chromosome in Bacillus subtilis, and chromosome replication in Escherichia coli. Discussions focus on attempts to characterize the physical state of replicating DNA, cell division and the regulation of chromosome replication, regulation of sequential chromosome synthesis, synchrony of chromosome replication, and determination of the cell doubling-time distribution function from the decay of synchronization. The text then examines nuclear events in synchronously dividing yeast cultures, periodic enzyme synthesis in synchronous cultures of yeast, and light-induced synchronous sporulation of a myxomycete. Topics include periodicity of enzyme synthesis, use of synchronous cultures for studying cellular biosynthesis, and cytological observations on synchronously dividing cultures. The book explores the effects of temperature on the mitotic cycle of normal and synchronized mammalian cells; behavior of sulfhydryl groups in synchronous division; and morphogenetic and macromolecular aspects of synchronized Tetrahymena. The selection is highly recommended for researchers interested in biosynthetic regulation.

List of Contributors

Preface

Chapter 1 Cell Synchrony, a Prologue to Discovery

I. Introduction

II. A Concept of Cell Synchrony

III. Synchrony and the Evolution of Cell Types

References

Chapter 2 On the Theory of Synchronous Cultures

I. Introduction

II. Finite Difference Conventions

III. Doubling-Time Distributions

IV. Ergodic Cultures

V. Growth Curve Prediction

VI. Determination of the Cell Doubling-Time Distribution Function from the Decay of Synchronization

VII. The Initial State of a Culture

VIII. The State Function

IX. Degree of Synchronization

X. Age Distribution

XI. Steady-State Growth

XII. A Numerical Example

XIII. Nonergodic Cultures: Cyclic Synchronous Cultures

XIV. Resumé

References

Chapter 3 Synchronous Replication of the Chromosome in Bacillus Subtilis

I. Introduction

II. Nonsynchronous Replication

III. Synchrony of Chromosome Replication

IV. Applications of Chromosome Synchrony

V. Future Problems

References

Chapter 4 Chromosome Replication in Escherichia coli

I. Introduction

II. The Escherichia coli Systems

III. Sequential Replication of the Escherichia coli Chromosome

IV. Regulation of Sequential Chromosome Synthesis

V. Measuring Changes in the Sequential Pattern of Replication

VI. Studies on the Mechanism Controlling Initiation of DNA Synthesis: Use of Inhibitors

VII. Cell Division and the Regulation of Chromosome Replication

VIII. Heterogeneity in the Resumption of DNA Synthesis after the Completion of a Chromosome Replication Cycle

IX. Rate of Chromosome Replication

X. Attempts to Characterize the Physical State of Replicating DNA

XI. The Regulation of Chromosome Replication

References

Chapter 5 Nuclear Events in Synchronously Dividing Yeast Cultures

I. Introduction

II. Nucleic Acid Synthesis in Synchronously Dividing Cultures

III. Cytological Observations on Synchronously Dividing Cultures

IV. General Conclusions

Addendum

References

Chapter 6 Periodic Enzyme Synthesis in Synchronous Cultures of Yeast

I. The Use of Synchronous Cultures for Studying Cellular Biosynthesis

II. Ordered Transcription During the Division Cycle

III. The Periodicity of Enzyme Synthesis

IV. The Relationship Between Gene Position and the Time of Enzyme Synthesis

V. Possible Mechanisms for Controlling Sequential Transcription

References

Chapter 7 Light-Induced Synchronous Sporulation of a Myxomycete—The Relation of Initial Metabolic Changes to the Establishment of a New Cell State

I. Introduction

II. Changes in Plasmodial Macromolecular Components During the Dark and Light Periods

III. Light-Induced Changes in the Plasmodial ATP Level

IV. Inhibition of Respiration by Light

V. Evidence of Light-Dependent Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

VI. Metabolism and Nature of the Yellow Pigment

VII. Melanogenesis

VIII. Some Observations on Energy-Controlled Metabolism Relating to Morphogenesis

IX. Summary

References

Chapter 8 Studies on Chloroplast Replication in Synchronized Euglena

I. Introduction

II. Physiological Reproduction

III. Biochemical Reproduction

IV. Morphological Reproduction

V. Role of Chloroplast Development in Synchronizing Euglena

VI. Summary

References

Chapter 9 Silica Shell Formation in Synchronously Dividing Diatoms

I. Introduction

II. Methods for Inducing Synchrony

III. Physiological Studies of Silicon Uptake and Shell Formation

IV. Morphological Development of Silica Shell

v. General Conclusions

References

Chapter 10 Intracellular Control of Enzyme Synthesis and Activity During Synchronous Growth of Chlorella

i. Introduction

II. Organism and Growth Characteristics

III. Metabolic Shifts During Synchronous Growth

IV. Intracellular Control of RNA and DNA Synthesis

v. Intracellular Control of Enzyme Synthesis and Activity

References

Chapter 11 Energetics and the Synchronized Cell Cyle

I. Introduction

II. Respiration and Growth of Synchronized Astasia

III. Oxygen Tension and the Respiration and Division of Synchronized Astasia

IV. Respiration and Substrate Utilization

V. Conclusion

References

Chapter 12 Synchrony of Cell Division in Root Meristems Following Treatment with 5-Aminouracil

I. Introduction

II. Mitotic Inhibition During Treatment with Aminouracil

III. Relation of the Aminouracil Effect to DNA Synthesis

IV. Studies of the Aminouracil Effect in Sectioned Material

V. Collateral Effects Produced by Aminouracil

References

Chapter 13 The Physiology of Reptitively Synchronized Tetrahymena

I. Introduction

II. Temperature-Induced Cell Synchrony in Tetrahymena

III. Relation Between the Nuclear DNA Cycle and the Division Cycle in Mass Cultures of Synchronized Tetrahymena pyriformis HSM

IV. Attempts to Synchronize the Nuclear DNA and Cell Division Cycles in the GL-C Strain

V. Summary and Conclusions

References

Chapter 14 Morphogenetic and Macromolecular Aspects of Synchronized Tetrahymena

I. Introduction

II. Timing of Morphogenesis

III. Autoradiography and Other Tracer Studies

IV. Biochemical Studies

V. Nucleolar Changes during Synchrony

VI. Ribosomal Studies

VII. Discussion

VIII. Conclusion

References

Chapter 15 Behavior of Sulfhydryl Groups in Synchronous Division

I. Introduction

II. SH Cycles in Sea Urchin Eggs

III. SH Cycle in Synchronized Tetrahymena Cells

IV. Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 16 A Method of Making Synchronous Cell Cultures by Density Gradient Centrifugation

Text

References

Chapter 17 Effects of Temperature on the Mitotic Cycle of Normal and Synchronized Mammalian Cells

I. Introduction

II. Effects of Temperature on the Duration of the Mit otic Cycle and of Mitosis

III. Life Cycle Analysis of HeLa Cells at Different Temperatures

IV. Mitotic Accumulation at Low Temperatures

V. Induction of Division Synchrony by Excess Thymidine

VI. Effect of Temperature Shift on the Duration of Mitosis in a Synchronized Culture

VII. Synchronization by Temperature Shocks

VIII. Summary

References

Chapter 18 Some Macromolecular Characteristics of Synchronized Hela Cells

I. Introduction

II. Method

III. Macromolecular Synthesis

IV. Morphological Studies

V. Biochemical Characteristics of Metaphase-Arrested Cells

VI. Conclusion

References

Addendum

Author Index

Subject Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Cell Synchrony

Studies in Biosynthetic Regulation

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