Cardiovascular Intervention
A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease
- 2nd Edition - September 8, 2023
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Editor: Deepak L. Bhatt
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 7 3 6 8 - 0
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 3 5 0 3 9 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 7 3 6 9 - 7
Part of the renowned Braunwald family of references, Cardiovascular Intervention: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease provides today’s clinicians with clear, authoritative… Read more
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Request a sales quotePart of the renowned Braunwald family of references, Cardiovascular Intervention: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease provides today’s clinicians with clear, authoritative guidance on every aspect of catheterization of the heart and vasculature and the latest imaging technologies. This practical reference on interventional cardiology is organized from a procedural perspective, with chapters focused exclusively on how to manage complex cardiovascular disease. Now fully updated from cover to cover, the 2nd Edition offers authoritative and current point-of-care coverage of this highly complex, technology-driven specialty—an ideal resource for practitioners at all levels of experience.
- Offers concise, focused coverage of all aspects of managing interventional cardiology patients, highlighting cautions, procedural nuances and tips, and outcomes.
- Covers all the newest catheterization techniques and equipment, including new-generation stents, mechanical support devices, imaging technology, and closure devices.
- Offers complete coverage of structural heart disease and new developments in heart valve disease, including TAVI and mitral valve procedures.
- Provides updates on the latest procedures, devices, and clinical guidelines for evidence-based practice.
- Uses a clear, easy-to-follow organization with separate sections on coronary artery interventions, peripheral artery interventions, cerebrovascular interventions, venous interventions, structural heart interventions, and congenital heart disease.
- Features more than 506 high-quality illustrations and access to 176 procedural videos.
- An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date.
Fellows and practicing interventional cardiologists
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Video contents
- Braunwald’s heart disease family of books
- List of Illustrations
- List of Tables
- SECTION I. Interventional Cardiology
- 1. The birth of interventional cardiology
- The innovator of angioplasty
- The first peripheral arterial angioplasty
- The development of coronary angioplasty
- Coronary angioplasty then and now
- Acute angioplasty failure
- Mechanism of balloon angioplasty
- Dissemination of coronary angioplasty
- Andreas Grüntzig, the man
- Development of interventional cardiology and minimally invasive surgery
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 2. Guidelines and appropriateness criteria for interventional cardiology
- Introduction
- Practice guidelines
- Appropriateness criteria
- Other methods to improve quality
- Putting guidelines into practice
- Conclusions
- References
- 3. Vascular access and closure
- Femoral arterial access
- Femoral arterial access site closure
- Radial arterial access and closure
- Ulnar arterial access and closure
- Distal radial arterial access and closure
- Brachial arterial access and closure
- Venous access and closure
- Conclusions
- Selected references
- References
- 4. Pharmacotherapy in the modern interventional suite
- Pathophysiology of arterial thrombosis
- Aspirin
- Oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors
- Intravenous antiplatelet drugs
- Intravenous anticoagulant drugs
- Vasodilators and antihypertensive drugs
- Vasopressors and inotropic drugs
- Procedural sedation: Anxiolytics and analgesics
- Miscellaneous drugs
- Conclusions
- References
- 5. Hemodynamic support during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention
- Introduction
- Rationale for definition of “high risk”
- Clinical presentation
- Coronary blood flow and myocardial energetics during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- History of development of left ventricular support devices for high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention
- History of use of intraaortic balloon pump during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention
- Balloon-pump assisted coronary intervention study
- History of tandemheart development
- Transvalvular axial flow pumps
- History of impella development
- Clinical trials of impella in high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention
- Protect II
- Optimal use of impella for hemodynamic support
- Case example
- Complications of impella
- Conclusion: Future advances
- References
- 6. Radiation safety in the cardiac catheterization laboratory
- Basic principles
- Operation of X-ray fluoroscopic equipment
- Fluoroscopic modes
- Fluoroscopic image quality
- Assessment of radiation dose
- Radiation-induced injury
- Radiation reduction in the catheterization laboratory
- Occupational hazards of the catheterization laboratory
- The catheterization laboratory of the future
- References
- 7. Contrast selection
- Introduction
- Chemical structure
- Classification
- Properties of contrast media
- Adverse effects related to contrast media administration
- Ischemic complications
- Contrast-associated acute kidney injury
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- SECTION II. Coronary Artery Intervention
- 8. Percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected left main coronary artery disease
- Introduction
- Randomized controlled trials
- Meta-analyses
- Current guidelines and appropriate use criteria
- Scoring algorithms
- Impact of stent choice
- In-stent restenosis
- Disease location: Ostial or midshaft versus distal left main coronary artery
- One- versus two-stent approach for left main coronary artery bifurcation disease
- Two-stent techniques
- Dedicated bifurcation stents
- Importance of final proximal optimization technique and selective kissing balloon inflation
- Role of imaging
- Fractional flow reserve
- Myocardial infarction caused by left main coronary artery thrombosis
- Hemodynamic support
- Dual antiplatelet therapy selection and duration
- Follow-up after left main coronary artery percutaneous coronary intervention
- Left main coronary artery bifurcation PCI techniques
- Provisional stent technique
- Two-stent techniques
- Description of techniques
- Ostial left main coronary artery percutaneous coronary intervention
- Conclusions
- References
- 9. Chronic total coronary occlusions: Rationale, techniques, and clinical outcomes
- Introduction
- Indications and evidence
- Anatomic considerations
- Procedural techniques
- Technical strategies
- Complications of CTO PCI
- Conclusions
- Selected references
- References
- 10. Bifurcations
- Introduction
- Simplified guidelines after 20 years of bifurcation studies
- An individualized approach to bifurcations
- The left main
- Technical aspects of bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention
- Conclusions
- Selected references
- References
- 11. Bypass graft interventions
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Indications for bypass graft interventions
- Distal embolization and embolic protection devices
- Saphenous vein graft stenting
- Adjunctive pharmacotherapy
- Technical aspects of saphenous vein graft percutaneous coronary intervention: Intravascular imaging
- Saphenous vein graft engagement
- Acutely occluded saphenous vein grafts
- Chronically occluded saphenous vein grafts
- Intermediate saphenous vein graft lesions
- Saphenous vein graft percutaneous coronary intervention complications
- Arterial graft interventions
- Complications of percutaneous coronary intervention in prior coronary artery bypass grafting patients
- References
- 12. Calcified lesions
- Introduction
- Rotational atherectomy
- Orbital atherectomy
- Scoring balloon angioplasty
- Excimer laser atherectomy
- Intracoronary lithotripsy
- Conclusions
- References
- 13. Treatment of in-stent restenosis
- Introduction
- Definition
- Diagnosis
- Pathophysiology
- Mechanisms
- Intravascular imaging
- Treatment
- Cutting and scoring balloons
- Treatment algorithm
- Future interventional paradigms
- Conclusions
- Supplemental material
- Selected references
- References
- 14. Management of thrombotic lesions
- Introduction
- Pharmacologic strategies to prevent thrombus formation
- Thrombus in various clinical scenarios
- Devices to remove thrombus
- Experimental devices
- Devices that are not beneficial
- Case
- Conclusions
- References
- 15. Fractional flow reserve and nonhyperemic pressure ratios
- Rationale for translesional physiologic measurements
- Derivation of fractional flow reserve and nonhyperemic pressure indices
- Role of submaximal coronary hyperemia with contrast fractional flow reserve
- Nonhyperemic pressure ratios
- Coronary flow reserve versus fractional flow reserve
- Fractional flow reserve and myocardial bed size
- Technique of intracoronary pressure measurement
- Pharmacologic coronary hyperemia
- Validation of fractional flow reserve and nonhyperemic pressure ratio
- Discordance between nonhyperemic pressure ratio and hyperemic indices
- Fractional flow reserve/nonhyperemic pressure ratio for specific angiographic subsets
- Multivessel disease percutaneous coronary intervention
- Nonhyperemic pressure ratio and intermediate lesion assessment
- Left main stenosis
- Serial (multiple) lesions and diffuse coronary artery disease
- Diffuse coronary disease
- Fractional flow reserve in acute coronary syndrome
- Post-percutaneous coronary intervention physiology
- Assessing collateral flow
- Index of microcirculatory resistance
- Summary and future directions
- The future of intracoronary physiology: Angiographically derived fractional flow reserve
- References
- 16. Intravascular ultrasound imaging
- Background and limitations of angiography
- Intravascular ultrasound imaging: Basic image and measurements
- Guidelines for use and appropriate indications
- Diagnostic applications
- Interventional applications
- Intravascular ultrasound imaging in the peripheral arterial system
- Research applications: Progression and regression trials
- Advancing intravascular ultrasound technologies and future directions
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 17. Optical coherence tomography
- Introduction
- Physics of optical coherence tomography
- Image acquisition by frequency domain optical coherence tomography
- Evaluation of coronary pathology
- Pitfalls of image interpretation
- Assessment of coronary plaque characteristics
- Role of optical coherence tomography in percutaneous coronary intervention
- Future directions
- Conclusion
- Summary
- Selected references
- References
- SECTION III. Peripheral Artery Intervention
- 18. Intervention for lower extremity arterial disease
- Clinical assessment
- Percutaneous revascularization tools
- Controversy over paclitaxel-coated balloons and stents
- Interventions in specific arteries
- Conclusions
- References
- 19. Upper extremity intervention
- Introduction
- Diagnosis and clinical syndromes
- Treatment
- Conclusions
- References
- 20. Renal artery intervention: Catheter-based therapy for renal artery stenosis
- Introduction
- Diagnosis
- Renal artery intervention
- Asymptomatic renal artery stenosis
- Renovascular hypertension
- Evidence-based treatment
- Ischemic nephropathy
- Cardiac destabilization syndromes
- Summary
- References
- 21. Mesenteric artery interventio n: Catheter-based therapy for chronic mesenteric ischemia
- Introduction
- Diagnosis
- Management of chronic mesenteric ischemia
- Conclusions
- References
- 22. Renal denervation
- Introduction
- Role of the kidneys in hypertension
- Anatomy and physiology of the renal sympathetic nervous system
- Animal and human data supporting a link between the renal sympathetic nervous system and hypertension
- Percutaneous renal sympathetic denervation: Early trials using a single electrode radiofrequency catheter
- Limitations of early trials
- Symplicity HTN-3
- Newer generation devices
- Practical aspects: Patient selection and performance of the procedure
- Procedure
- Currently commercially available catheters
- The peregrine system (see Figures 22.8 and 22.9)
- Effect of renal denervation on conditions of sympathetic overactivity other than hypertension
- Sympathetic nerve activity mapping and tailored ablation
- Conclusions
- References
- 23. Endovascular management of aortic and thoracic aneurysms
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm
- Thoracic endovascular aortic repair
- References
- SECTION IV. Cerebrovascular Intervention
- 24. Carotid and vertebral intervention
- Carotid intervention
- Conclusions
- References
- 25. Cerebrovascular interventions
- Introduction
- The cerebral vasculature
- Acute ischemic stroke treatment
- Conclusions
- Selected references
- References
- SECTION V. Venous Intervention
- 26. Interventional management of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- Introduction
- Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis
- Acute deep vein thrombosis
- Chronic deep vein thrombosis
- Acute pulmonary embolism
- Epidemiology and classification
- Treatment escalation for massive pulmonary embolism
- Treatment escalation for submassive pulmonary embolism
- Patient follow-up
- Selected references
- References
- 27. Management of chronic venous insufficiency
- Epidemiology and risk factors of chronic venous disease
- Venous anatomy and physiology
- Etiology and pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency
- Evaluation and classification of patients with chronic venous insufficiency
- Anatomic and physiologic testing of chronic venous insufficiency
- Treatment of superficial chronic venous insufficiency
- Endovascular management of venous ulcerations
- Deep venous valves
- Conclusions
- Selected references
- References
- 28. Hemodialysis access intervention
- Introduction
- Epidemiology and prevalence of stage V kidney disease
- Vascular anatomy
- Pathogenesis of access failure
- Diagnostic evaluation
- Catheter-based treatment of failing accesses
- Outcomes
- Newer approaches
- Summary
- References
- SECTION VI. Structural Heart Intervention
- 29. Aortic valvuloplasty and transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- Introduction
- Balloon aortic valvuloplasty
- Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (implantation): General concepts
- Balloon-expandable valves
- Self-expanding valves
- “Real-world” registries
- New clinical indications
- Complications of transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- New transcatheter aortic valve replacement devices
- Future directions
- Conclusions
- References
- 30. Transcatheter mitral valve intervention
- Introduction: Normal mitral valve anatomy
- Mitral valve disease states
- Mitral stenosis
- Mitral regurgitation
- Pathophysiology
- Conclusions
- References
- 31. Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention
- Tricuspid valve regurgitation
- Pathophysiology
- Rationale for therapy
- Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention devices
- Leaflet-based repair technology
- Annuloplasty devices
- Spacer devices
- Tricuspid valve replacement
- Conclusion
- References
- 32. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Introduction and epidemiology
- Hallmarks and differential diagnosis
- Natural course of disease and clinical presentation
- Pathophysiology
- Diagnosis
- Management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Novel techniques for septal reduction using nonalcohol substances
- Shared decision making
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy centers
- References
- 33. Patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, left atrial appendage, and ventricular septal defect closure
- Patent foramen ovale
- Atrial septal defect closure
- Left atrial appendage closure
- Ventricular septal defect
- Post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defect
- Conclusions
- References
- 34. Interventions for advanced heart failure
- Disclosure
- Introduction
- Defining advanced heart failure
- Hemodynamics of heart failure
- Percutaneous mechanical circulatory support
- Circulatory support for cardiogenic shock and advanced heart failure
- Interventional therapy for right heart failure
- Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with heart failure
- Valvular interventions in advanced heart failure
- Emerging interventional approaches for heart failure
- Conclusions
- References
- 35. Endomyocardial biopsy
- Introduction
- Development of the procedure: Historical perspective
- Technique of the procedure
- Safety of endomyocardial biopsy
- Processing endomyocardial tissue specimens
- Indications for endomyocardial biopsy
- Endomyocardial biopsy in cardiac transplant allografts
- Expert practice summary
- Conclusions
- References
- 36. Pericardiocentesis and pericardial intervention
- Introduction
- The normal pericardium
- Pericardial effusion and tamponade
- Clinical diagnosis of pericardial tamponade
- Indications for pericardiocentesis
- Pericardiocentesis technique
- Postpericardiocentesis catheter management
- Complications of pericardiocentesis
- Malignant, recurrent, or persistently draining pericardial effusions
- Technique of single-balloon percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy
- Technique of double-balloon percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy
- Outcomes after percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy
- Percutaneous pericardial biopsy
- Technique of percutaneous pericardial biopsy
- Role of pericardioscopy
- Percutaneous epicardial access for electrophysiology studies and ablation
- Technique of pericardial access and epicardial mapping and ablation
- Limitations and potential complications of pericardial access and epicardial ablation
- Percutaneous pericardial access for transcatheter left atrial appendage ligation
- Preprocedural considerations
- Technique of percutaneous transpericardial left atrial appendage exclusion
- Procedural complications
- Future perspectives
- References
- SECTION VII. Congenital Heart Disease
- 37. Adult congenital heart disease: Cardiovascular interventions for pulmonary arterial hypertension, anomalous vascular connections, aortic coarctation, and pulmonary valve replacement
- Adult congenital heart disease
- Adults with congenital heart disease: Catheter interventions
- Conclusions
- References
- Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: September 8, 2023
- Imprint: Elsevier
- No. of pages: 632
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323873680
- eBook ISBN: 9780443350399
- eBook ISBN: 9780323873697
DB
Deepak L. Bhatt
Deepak L. Bhatt, MD, MPH, is Executive Director of Interventional Cardiovascular Programs at Brigham and Women’s Hospital Heart and Vascular Center and Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. A leading authority internationally on interventional cardiology in addition
Affiliations and expertise
Director of Mount Sinai Heart, Dr. Valentin Fuster Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States