Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 4-Volume Set

14th Edition - December 14, 2020
Imprint: Elsevier
Authors: Frederick M. Azar, S. Terry Canale, James H. Beaty
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 7 2 1 7 - 7
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 7 2 1 8 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 7 2 1 9 - 1

Still the most widely used comprehensive resource in orthopaedic surgery, Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics is an essential reference for trainees, a trusted clinical tool for pra… Read more

Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 4-Volume Set

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Still the most widely used comprehensive resource in orthopaedic surgery, Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics is an essential reference for trainees, a trusted clinical tool for practitioners, and the gold standard for worldwide orthopaedic practice. Unparalleled in scope and depth, this 14th Edition contains updated diagnostic images, practical guidance on when and how to perform every procedure, and rapid access to data in preparation for surgical cases or patient evaluation. Drs. Frederick M. Azar and James H. Beaty, along with other expert contributors from the world-renowned Campbell Clinic, have collaborated diligently to ensure that this 4-volume text remains a valuable resource in your practice, helping you achieve optimal outcomes with every patient.

Instructions for online access
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics, 14th ed. List of Techniques
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
Volume I
Part I. General Principles
Chapter 1. Surgical Techniques
Surgical Techniques
Tourniquets
Radiographs in the Operating Room
Preventing Mistakes
Positioning of the Patient
Local Preparation of the Patient
Draping
Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis Virus Transmission
Reversing Prophylactic Anticoagulation Prior to Surgery
Blood Loss Control During Surgery
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis
Postoperative Pain Control
Special Operative Techniques
Methods of Tendon-to-Bone Fixation
Fixation of Tendon to Bone
Tendon Fixation into the Intramedullary Canal
Tendon to Bone Fixation Using Locking Loop Suture
Tendon to Bone Fixation Using Wire Suture
Fixation of Osseous Attachment of Tendon to Bone
Bone Grafting
Removal of a Tibial Graft
Removal of Fibular Grafts
Removal of an Iliac Bone Graft
Surgical Approaches
Approach to the Interphalangeal Joints
Medial Approach to the Great Toe Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Dorsomedial Approach to Great Toe Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Approach to the Lesser Toe Metatarsophalangeal Joints
Medial Approach to the Calcaneus
Lateral Approach to the Calcaneus
Extended Lateral Approach to the Calcaneus
Sinus Tarsi Approach
U-Shaped Approach to the Calcaneus
Kocher Approach (Curved L) to the Calcaneus
Tarsus and Ankle
Anterolateral Approach to Chopart Joint
Anterior Approach to Expose the Ankle Joint and Both Malleoli
Kocher Lateral Approach to the Tarsus and Ankle
Ollier Approach to the Tarsus
Single-Incision Posterolateral Approach to the Lateral and Posterior Malleoli
Posterolateral Approach to the Ankle
Anterolateral Approach to the Lateral Dome of the Talus
Posterior Approach to the Ankle
Medial Approach to the Tarsus
Medial Approach to the Ankle
Medial Approach to the Posterior Lip of the Tibia
Tibia
Anterolateral Approach to the Tibia
Medial Approach to the Tibia
Posterolateral Approach to the Tibial Shaft
Anterolateral Approach to the Lateral Tibial Plateau
Medial Approach to the Medial Tibial Plateau
Posteromedial Approach to the Medial Tibial Plateau
Posteromedial Approach (Prone) to the Superomedial Tibia
Posterolateral Approach to the Tibial Plateau
Posterolateral Approach to the Tibial Plateau Without Fibular Osteotomy
Tscherne-Johnson Extensile Approach to the Lateral Tibial Plateau
Anterolateral Approach for Access to Posterolateral Corner
Posterolateral Approach to the Fibula
Knee
Anteromedial Parapatellar Approach
Subvastus (Southern) Anteromedial Approach to the Knee
Anterolateral Approach to the Knee
Posterolateral Approach to the Knee
Posteromedial Approach to the Knee
Medial Approach to the Knee
Medial Approach to the Knee
Transverse Approach to the Meniscus
Lateral Approach to the Knee
Lateral Approach to the Knee
Lateral Approach to the Knee
Extensile Approach to the Knee
Direct Posterior Approach to the Knee
Direct Posteromedial Approach to the Knee for Tibial Plateau Fracture
Direct Posterolateral Approach to the Knee
Anterolateral Approach to the Femur
Lateral Approach to the Femoral Shaft
Posterolateral Approach to the Femoral Shaft
Posterior Approach to the Femur
Medial Approach to the Posterior Surface of the Femur in the Popliteal Space
Lateral Approach to the Posterior Surface of the Femur in the Popliteal Space
Lateral Approach to the Proximal Shaft and the Trochanteric Region
Hip
Anterior Iliofemoral Approach to the Hip
Anterior Approach to the Hip Using a Transverse Incision
Modified Anterolateral Iliofemoral Approach to the Hip
Lateral Approach to the Hip
Lateral Approach for Extensive Exposure of the Hip
Lateral Approach to the Hip Preserving the Gluteus Medius
Lateral Transgluteal Approach to the Hip
Lateral Transgluteal Approach to the Hip
Posterolateral Approach
Posterior Approach to the Hip
Posterior Approach to the Hip
Medial Approach to the Hip
Acetabulum and Pelvis
Stoppa Approach
Ilioinguinal Approach to the Acetabulum
Iliofemoral Approach to the Acetabulum
Kocher-Langenbeck Approach
Modified Gibson Approach
Extensile Iliofemoral Approach
Extensile Iliofemoral Approach
Triradiate Extensile Approach to the Acetabulum
Extensile Approach to the Acetabulum
Approach to the Ilium
Approach to the Symphysis Pubis
Posterior Approach to the Sacroiliac Joint
Anterior Approach to the Sacroiliac Joint
Approach to Both Sacroiliac Joints or Sacrum
Spine
Sternoclavicular Joint
Approach to the Sternoclavicular Joint
Approach to the Acromioclavicular Joint and Coracoid Process
Shoulder
Anteromedial Approach to the Shoulder
Anteromedial/Posteromedial Approach to the Shoulder
Anterior Axillary Approach to the Shoulder
Anterolateral Limited Deltoid-Splitting Approach to the Shoulder
Extensile Anterolateral Approach to the Shoulder
Transacromial Approach to the Shoulder
Posterior Deltoid-Splitting Approach to the Shoulder
Posterior Approach to the Shoulder
Simplified Posterior Approach to the Shoulder
Posterior Inverted-U Approach to the Shoulder
Humerus
Anterolateral Approach to the Shaft of the Humerus
Subbrachial Approach to the Humerus
Posterior Approach to the Proximal Humerus
Posterolateral Approach to the Distal Humeral Shaft
Posterolateral Extensile (Cold) Approach to the Distal Humerus
Elbow
Posterolateral Approach to the Elbow
Extensile Posterolateral Approach to the Elbow
Posterior Approach to the Elbow by Olecranon Osteotomy
Extensile Posterior Approach to the Elbow
Lateral Approach to the Elbow
Lateral J-Shaped Approach to the Elbow
Medial Approach with Osteotomy of the Medial Epicondyle
Medial and Lateral Approach to the Elbow
Global Approach to the Elbow
Posterolateral Approach to the Radial Head and Neck
Approach to the Proximal and Middle Thirds of the Posterior Surface of the Radius
Anterolateral Approach to the Proximal Shaft and Elbow Joint
Anterior Approach to the Distal Half of the Radius
Anterior Approach to the Coronoid Process of the Proximal Ulna
Approach to the Proximal Third of the Ulna and the Proximal Fourth of the Radius
Dorsal Approach to the Wrist
Dorsal Approach to the Wrist
Volar Approach to the Wrist
Lateral Approach to the Wrist
Medial Approach to the Wrist
Hand
Chapter 2. Advanced Imaging in Orthopaedics
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Mri Technology and Technique
Contraindications
Contrast Agents in Mri
Foot and Ankle
Knee
Hip
Spine
Shoulder
Wrist and Elbow
Elbow
Tumor Imaging
Computed Tomography
Conclusion
Part II. Reconstructive Procedures of the Hip in Adults
Chapter 3. Arthroplasty of the Hip
Applied Biomechanics
Design and Selection of Total Hip Components
Indications and Contraindications for Total Hip Arthroplasty
Preoperative Patient Evaluation and Optimization
Preoperative Radiographs
Preoperative Templating for Total Hip Arthroplasty
The Hip-Spine Relationship
Preparation and Draping
Surgical Approaches and Techniques
Implantation of Cemented Acetabular Component
Implantation of Cementless Femoral Component
Implantation of Cemented Femoral Component
Surgical Problems Relative to Specific Hip Disorders
Complications
Gluteus Maximus and Tensor Fascia Lata Transfer for Primary Deficiency of the Abductors of the Hip
Revision After Adverse Local Tissue Reaction
revision Of Total Hip Arthroplasty
Transtrochanteric Approach for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Removal of Cementless Femoral Component
Removal of Implants With Extensive Distal BoneIngrowth
Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy
Removal of a Broken Femoral Component
Removal of a Broken Stem—Proximal Window
Removal of a Broken Stem—Distal Window
Removal of Femoral Cement
Removal of Distal Cement With A High-Speed Burr
Removal of Distal Cement With A High-Speed Burr and Cortical Window
Removal of A Loose All-Polyethylene Cup
Removal of a Metal-Backed, Cemented Acetabular Component
Cementless Acetabular Component
Management of Acetabular Cavitary Deficits
Management of Segmental Acetabular Deficit with Femoral Head Allograft
Management of Segmental Acetabular Deficit With Metal Augment
Management of Combined Deficits With Structural Grafting
Acetabular Distraction for Management of Pelvic Discontinuity
Cup-Cage Technique for Management of Pelvic Discontinuity
Management of Pelvic Discontinuity With Allografting and Custom Component
Management of Femoral Deficit with Modular Femoral Component
Revision with Extensively Porous-Coated Femoral Stem
Management of Proximal Femoral Bone Loss With Modular Tapered Fluted Stem
Management of Proximal Femoral Deficiencies with Impaction Bone Grafting and Cemented Revision Stem
Management of Massive Deficits with Proximal Femoral Allograft-Prosthesis Composite
Management of Massive Deficits with Modular Megaprosthesis
Postoperative Management of Total Hip Arthroplasty
Chapter 4. Surface Replacement Hip Arthroplasty
Results
Indications and Patient Selection
Preoperative Radiographic Evaluation and Templating
Postoperative Management
Hip Resurfacing Technique—Birmingham Hip Replacement
Revision of Surface Replacement Arthroplasty Components
Chapter 5. Arthrodesis of the Hip
Indications and Results
Techniques
Arthrodesis With Cancellous Screw Fixation
Arthrodesis With Anterior Fixation
Arthrodesis With Double-Plate Fixation
Arthrodesis With Cobra Plate Fixation
Arthrodesis With Hip Compression Screw Fixation
Arthrodesis in the Absence of the Femoral Head
Arthrodesis of the Proximal Femur to the Ischium
Total Hip Arthroplasty After Hip Arthrodesis
Chapter 6. Hip Pain in the Young Adult and Hip Preservation Surgery
Evaluation and History
Femoroacetabular Impingement
Surgical Dislocation Of The Hip
Combined Hip Arthroscopy And Limited Open Osteochondroplasty
Mini-Open Direct Anterior Approach
Hip Dysplasia
Bernese Periacetabular Osteotomy
Rectus-Sparing Modification of Bernese Osteotomy
Extraarticular Sources of Hip Pain
Step-Cut Lengthening Of The Iliotibial Band
Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Core Decompression
Core Decompression—Percutaneous Technique
Idiopathic Transient Osteoporosis
Protrusio Acetabuli
Adult-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Neuropathic Arthropathy (Charcot Joint)
Part III. Reconstructive Procedures of the Knee in Adults
Chapter 7. Arthroplasty of the Knee
Modern Prosthesis Evolution and Design
Knee and Implant Biomechanics
Indications and Contraindications
Results of Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Preoperative evaluation
Surgical Technique for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Surgical Approach for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Bone Preparation for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Pie-Crusting
Posterior Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Varus Knee
Posterior Cruciate–Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty of A Varus Knee
Valgus Deformity Correction
Flexion Contracture Correction
Recurvatum Correction
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Balancing
Bone Grafting of Peripheral Tibial Defects
Component Implantation
Patellofemoral Arthroplasty
Surgical Problems Relative to Specific Disorders
Complications
Arthrodesis With an Intramedullary Nail for an Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty
Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Chapter 8. Arthrodesis of the Knee
Indications and Results
Techniques
Compression Arthrodesis Using External Fixation
Arthrodesis Using Intramedullary Nail Fixation
Knee Arthrodesis With Locked Intramedullary Nail After Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty
Arthrodesis Using Plate Fixation
Chapter 9. Soft-Tissue Procedures and Osteotomies About the Knee
Muscle Contractures
Proximal Release of Quadriceps
Quadricepsplasty for Posttraumatic Contracture of the Knee
Snapping Syndromes
Painful Paraarticular Calcifications
Tendinitis and Bursitis
Drainage of Bursa
Excision of Bursa
Popliteal Cyst Excision
Medial Gastrocnemius Bursa Excision
Semimembranosus Bursa Excision
Semitendinosus Tendon Transfer
Chronic Synovitis
Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Knee
Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Lateral Closing Wedge Osteotomy
Opening Wedge Hemicallotasis
Varus Distal Femoral Osteotomy
Part IV. Reconstructive Procedures of the Ankle in Adults
Chapter 10. Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Development of Total Ankle Arthroplasty Systems
Design Rationale
Preoperative Evaluation
Indications
Total Ankle Arthroplasty or Ankle Arthrodesis for Ankle Arthritis
Outpatient Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Considerations for Adjunctive Procedures
Dome Osteotomy for Correction of Varus Deformity Above the Ankle Deformity
Medial Tibial Plafondplasty for Varus Deformity at the Ankle Joint
Reconstruction of Lateral Ankle Ligaments for Chronic Instability as an Adjunct to Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Tibiotalar Arthrodesis Conversion to Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Outcomes
Complications
Revision Ankle Arthroplasty
Revision Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Chapter 11. Ankle Arthrodesis
Alternatives to Ankle Arthrodesis
Opening Wedge Osteotomy of the Tibia for Varus Deformity and Medial Joint Arthrosis
Intraarticular Opening Medial Wedge Osteotomy (Plafond-Plasty) of the Tibia for Intraarticular Varus Arthritis and Instability
Distraction Arthroplasty of the Ankle
Indications for Ankle Arthrodesis
Patient Evaluation
Techniques of Ankle Arthrodesis
Mini-Incision Technique
Transfibular (Transmalleolar) Arthrodesis With Fibular Strut Graft
Anterior approach with plate fixation
Lateral Approach With Fibular Sparing
Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis
Tibiocalcaneal Arthrodesis
Posterior Approach for Arthrodesis of Ankle and Subtalar Joints
Arthrodesis With a Thin-Wire External Fixation
Special Considerations
Tibiotalar Arthrodesis With a Sliding Bone Graft
Tibiotalar or Tibiotalocalcaneal Fusion With Structural Allograft and Internal Fixation for Salvage of Failed Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Bone Graft Harvest From the Proximal Tibia
Complications
Part V. Reconstructive Procedures of the Shoulder and Elbow in Adults
Chapter 12. Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty
Reconstructive Procedures of the Shoulder
Hemiarthroplasty
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Reconstructive Procedures of the Elbow
Debridement Arthroplasty
Interposition Arthroplasty
Radial Head Arthroplasty
Coonrad-Morrey Prosthesis
Elbow Resection Arthroplasty
Chapter 13. Salvage Operations for the Shoulder and Elbow
Shoulder Arthrodesis
External Fixation
Plate Fixation
Pelvic Reconstruction Plate
Shoulder Arthrodesis After Failed Prosthetic Shoulder Arthroplasty
Arthroscopic Shoulder Arthrodesis for Brachial Plexus Injury
Elbow Arthrodesis
Elbow Arthrodesis
Elbow Arthrodesis
Elbow Arthrodesis
Tendon Transfers for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
Latissimus Dorsi Transfer, Open Technique
Latissimus Dorsi Transfer, Arthroscopically Assisted Technique
Lower Trapezius Transfer, Open Technique
Lower Trapezius Transfer, Arthroscopically Assisted Technique
Pectoralis Major Transfer
Latissimus Dorsi Tendon Transfer
Part VI. Amputations
Chapter 14. General Principles of Amputations
Incidence and Indications
Surgical Principles of Amputations
Complications
Amputations in Children
Chapter 15. Amputations of the Foot
Toe Amputations
Terminal Syme Amputation
Amputation at the Base of the Proximal Phalanx
Metatarsophalangeal Joint Disarticulation
First Or Fifth Ray Amputation (Border Ray Amputation)
Multiple Ray Amputation
Central Ray Amputation
Transmetatarsal Amputation
Midfoot Amputations
Chopart Amputation
Hindfoot and Ankle Amputations
Syme Amputation
Two-Stage Syme Amputation
Boyd Amputation
Chapter 16. Amputations of the Lower Extremity
Foot and Ankle Amputations
Transtibial (Below-Knee) Amputations
Transtibial Amputation
Transtibial Amputation Using Long Posterior Skin Flap
Disarticulation Of The Knee
Knee Disarticulation
Knee Disarticulation
Knee Disarticulation
Transfemoral (Above-Knee) Amputations
Transfemoral (Above-Knee) Amputation of Nonischemic Limbs
Transfemoral (Above-Knee) Amputation of Nonischemic Limbs
Chapter 17. Amputations of the Hip and Pelvis
Disarticulation of the Hip
Anatomic Hip Disarticulation
Posterior Flap
External Hemipelvectomy (Hindquarter Amputation)
Standard Hemipelvectomy
Anterior Flap Hemipelvectomy
Conservative Hemipelvectomy
Chapter 18. Major Amputations of the Upper Extremity
Hand Amputations
Wrist Amputations
Amputation at the Wrist
Disarticulation of the Wrist
Forearm Amputations (Transradial)
Distal Forearm (Distal Transradial) Amputation
Proximal Third of Forearm (Proximal Transradial) Amputation
Elbow Disarticulation
Disarticulation of the Elbow
Arm Amputations (Transhumeral)
Supracondylar Area
Amputation Proximal to the Supracondylar Area
Shoulder Amputations
Amputation Through the Surgical Neck of the Humerus
Disarticulation of the Shoulder
Forequarter Amputations
Anterior Approach
Posterior Approach
Targeted Muscle Reinnervation (TMR) After Shoulder or Transhumeral Amputation
Targeted Muscle Reinnervation After Transhumeral Amputation
Chapter 19. Amputations of the Hand
Considerations for Amputation
Principles of Finger Amputations
Fingertip Amputations
Kutler V-Y or Atasoy Triangular Advancement Flaps
Atasoy Triangular Advancement Flaps
Bipedicle Dorsal Flaps
Adipofascial Turnover Flap
Cross-Finger Flaps for Reconstruction of Fingertip Amputations
Thenar Flap
Local Neurovascular Island Flap
Island Pedicle Flap
Retrograde Island Pedicle Flap
Ulnar Hypothenar Flap
Amputations of Single Fingers
Index Ray Amputation
Transposing the Index Ray
Thumb Amputations
Advancement Pedicle Flap for Thumb Injuries
Amputations of Multiple Digits
Phalangization of Fifth Metacarpal
Painful Amputation Stump
Reconstructions After Amputation
Krukenberg Reconstruction
Lengthening of the Metacarpal and Transfer of Local Flap
Osteoplastic Reconstruction and Transfer of Neurovascular Island Graft
Riordan Pollicization
Buck-Gramcko Pollicization
Foucher Pollicization
Part VII. Infections
Chapter 20. General Principles of Infection
Etiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B and C
Chapter 21. Osteomyelitis
Classification
Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis
Drainage of Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis
Subacute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis
Chronic Osteomyelitis
Sequestrectomy and Curettage for Chronic Osteomyelitis
Open Bone Grafting
Antibiotic Bead Pouch
Intramedullary Antibiotic Cement Nail
Sclerosing Osteomyelitis of Garré
Residual Stage of Osteomyelitis
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis
Anaerobic Osteomyelitis
Incision and Drainage for Osteomyelitis of Specific Regions
Split-Heel Incision
Distal third of the femur
Drainage
Resection or Excision for Osteomyelitis
Resection of the Metatarsals
Partial Calcanectomy
Resection of the Fibula
Resection of the Iliac Wing
Amputation for Osteomyelitis
Chapter 22. Infectious Arthritis
Clinical Presentation
Synovial Fluid Studies
Imaging Studies
Pathogenesis
Microbiology
Treatment
Tarsal Joints
Surgical Drainage Of The Tarsal Joint
Ankle
Anterolateral Drainage of the Ankle
Posterolateral Drainage of the Ankle
Anteromedial Drainage of the Ankle
Posteromedial Drainage of the Ankle
Knee
Arthroscopic Drainage of the Knee
Anterior Drainage of the Knee
Posterolateral and Posteromedial Drainage of the Knee
Posteromedial Drainage of the Knee
Posteromedial and Posterolateral Drainage of the Knee
HIP
Lateral Aspiration of the Hip
Anterior Aspiration of the Hip
Medial Aspiration of the Hip
Posterior Drainage of the Hip
Anterior Drainage of the Hip
Lateral Drainage of the Hip
Medial Drainage of the Hip
Arthroscopic Debridement and Partial Synovectomy of the Hip in an Adult
Resection of the Hip
Sacroiliac Joint
Spine
Sternoclavicular and Acromioclavicular Joints
Shoulder
Anterior Drainage of the Shoulder
Posterior Drainage of the Shoulder
Elbow
Medial Drainage of the Elbow
Lateral Drainage of the Elbow
Posterior Drainage of the Elbow
Wrist
Lateral Drainage of the Wrist
Medial Drainage of the Wrist
Dorsal Drainage of the Wrist
Operations to Correct Deformities After Septic Arthritis
Osteotomy of the Ankle
Transverse Supracondylar Osteotomy of the Femur
V-Osteotomy of the Femur
Supracondylar Cuneiform Osteotomy of the Femur
Supracondylar Controlled Rotational Osteotomy of the Femur
Intraarticular Osteotomy
Reconstruction After hip Sepsis
Transverse Opening Wedge Osteotomy of the Hip
Transverse Closing Wedge Osteotomy of the Hip
Brackett Osteotomy of the Hip
Chapter 23. Tuberculosis and other Unusual Infections
Tuberculosis
Curettage for Tuberculous Lesions in the Foot
Excision of Metatarsal
Excision of Cuneiform Bones
Excision of Navicular
Excision of Cuboid
Excision of Calcaneus
Excision of Talus
Partial Synovectomy and Curettage
Lesions Above Acetabulum
Lesions of the Femoral Neck
Lesions of the Trochanteric Area
Excision of the Hip Joint
Excision of Elbow Joint
Excision of Wrist Joint
Other Unusual Infections
Part VIII. Tumors
Chapter 24. General Principles of Tumors
Diagnostic Evaluation
Adjuvant Treatment
Principles of Surgery
Surgical Techniques
Resection of the Shoulder Girdle
Resection of the Scapula
Resection of the Proximal Humerus
Intercalary Resection of the Humeral Shaft
Resection of the Distal Humerus
Resection of the Proximal Radius
Resection of the Proximal Ulna
Resection of the Distal Radius
Resection of the Pubis and Ischium
Resection of the Acetabulum
Resection of the Innominate Bone (Internal Hemipelvectomy)
Resection of the Sacroiliac Joint
Resection of the Sacrum
Resection of the Sacrum
Resection of the Sacrum Through Posterior Approach
Resection of Vertebrae
Resection of the Proximal Femur
Resection of the Entire Femur
Intraarticular Resection of the Distal Femur with Endoprosthetic Reconstruction
Resection of the Proximal Tibia
Resection of the Distal Femur or Proximal Tibia with Allograft Arthrodesis
Resection of the Proximal Fibula
Resection of the Tibial Diaphysis
Resection of the Distal Third of the Fibula
Rotationplasty for a Lesion in the Distal Femur
Rotationplasty for a Lesion of the Proximal Femur Without Involvement of the Hip Joint
Rotationplasty for a Lesion of the Proximal Femur Involving the Hip Joint
Chapter 25. Benign Bone Tumors and Nonneoplastic Conditions Simulating Bone Tumors
Bone-Forming Tumors
Cartilage Lesions
Fibrous Lesions
Cystic Lesions
Fatty Tumors
Vascular Tumors
Other Nonneoplastic Lesions
Chapter 26. Benign/Aggressive Tumors of Bone
Giant Cell Tumor
Chondroblastoma
Chondromyxoid Fibroma
Osteoblastoma
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Chapter 27. Malignant Tumors of Bone
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ewing Sarcoma
Chordoma
Adamantinoma
Malignant Vascular Tumors
Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma and Fibrosarcoma
Multiple Myeloma and Plasmacytoma
Lymphoma
Metastatic Carcinoma
Chapter 28. Soft-Tissue Tumors
Benign Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions (Table 28.1)
Malignant Tumors (Table 28.2)
Volume II
Part IX. Congenital And Developmental Disorders
Chapter 29. Congenital Anomalies of the Lower Extremity
Anomalies of the Toes
Amputation of an Extra Toe (Simple Postaxial Polydactyly)
Tsuge Ray Reduction
Ray Reduction
Ray Amputation
Simplified Cleft Closure
Correction of Angulated Toe
Arthroplasty of the Fifth Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Creation of Syndactyly of the Great Toe and Second Toe for Hallux Varus
Dome-Shaped Osteotomies of Metatarsal Bases
Cuneiform and Cuboid Osteotomies
Anomalies of the Foot
Anterior Tibial Tendon Transfer
Transverse Circumferential (Cincinnati) Incision
Extensile Posteromedial and Posterolateral Release
Achilles Tendon Lengthening and Posterior Capsulotomy (Selective Approach)
First Metatarsal Osteotomy and Tendon Transfer for Dorsal Bunion
Osteotomy of the Calcaneus for Persistent Varus Deformity of the Heel
Medial Release with Osteotomy of the Distal Calcaneus
Selective Joint-Sparing Osteotomies for Residual Cavovarus Deformity
Triple Arthrodesis
Talectomy
Open Reduction and Realignment of Talonavicular and Subtalar Joints
Open Reduction and Extraarticular Subtalar Fusion
Anomalies of the Leg
Tibiofibular Synostosis
Insertion of Williams Intramedullary Rod and Bone Grafting
One-Stage or Two-Stage Release of Circumferential Constricting Band
Capsular Release and Quadriceps Lengthening for Correction of Congenital Knee Dislocation
Lateral Release and Medial Plication
Distal Fibulotalar Arthrodesis
Proximal Tibiofibular Synostosis
Varus Supramalleolar Osteotomy of the Ankle
Knee Fusion for Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency
Rotationplasty
Syme Amputation
Boyd Amputation
Physeal Exposure Around the Knee
Percutaneous Epiphysiodesis
Percutaneous Transepiphyseal Screw Epiphysiodesis
Tension Plate Epiphysiodesis
Proximal Femoral Metaphyseal Shortening
Distal Femoral Metaphyseal Shortening
Proximal Tibial Metaphyseal Shortening
Tibial Diaphyseal Shortening
Closed Femoral Diaphyseal Shortening
Transiliac Lengthening
Tibial Lengthening
Tibial Lengthening
Tibial Lengthening Over Intramedullary Nail (PRECICE Intramedullary Lengthening System, Ellipse Technologies, Irvine, Ca)
Femoral Lengthening
Femoral Lengthening
Femoral Lengthening Over Intramedullary Nail (PRECICE)
Chapter 30. Congenital and Developmental Abnormalities of the hip and Pelvis
Developmental Dysplasia of the hip
Arthrography of the hip in Ddh
Application of a Hip Spica Cast
Anterior Approach
Medial Approach
Trochanteric Advancement
Varus Derotational Osteotomy of the Femur in Hip Dysplasia, With Pediatric hip Screw Fixation
Primary Femoral Shortening
Innominate Osteotomy Including Open Reduction
Pericapsular Osteotomy of the Ilium
Triple Innominate Osteotomy
Transiliac (Dega) Osteotomy
Slotted Acetabular Augmentation
Innominate Osteotomy With Medial Displacement Of The Acetabulum (Chiari)
Congenital and Developmental Coxa Vara
Valgus Osteotomy for Developmental Coxa Vara
Exstrophy of the Bladder
Bilateral Anterior Iliac Osteotomies
Chapter 31. Congenital Anomalies of the Trunk and Upper Extremity
Congenital Elevation of the Scapula (Sprengel Deformity)
Woodward Operation
Morcellation of the Clavicle
Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Unipolar Release
Bipolar Release
Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Clavicle
Open Reduction and Iliac BoneGrafting for Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Clavicle
Congenital Dislocation of the Radial Head
Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Radius
Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Ulna
Congenital Radioulnar Synostosis
Radial and Ulnar Osteotomies for Correction of Congenital Radioulnar Synostosis (Two-Stage)
Chapter 32. Osteochondrosis or Epiphysitis and Other Miscellaneous Affections
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Innominate Osteotomy for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Lateral Shelf Procedure for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Varus Derotational Osteotomy of the Proximal Femur for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Reversed or Closing Wedge Technique for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Arthrodiastasis for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Osteochondroplasty Surgical Dislocation of the hip
Trochanteric Advancement for Trochanteric Overgrowth
Trochanteric Advancement For Trochanteric Overgrowth
Greater Trochanteric Epiphysiodesis for Trochanteric Overgrowth
Osteochondrosis or Epiphysitis
Tibial Tuberosity and Ossicle Excision
Excision of Ununited Tibial Tuberosity Fragment for Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Arthroscopic Ossicle and Tibial Tuberosity Debridement for Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Extraarticular Drilling for Stable Osteochondritis Dissecans of The Knee
Reconstruction of The Articular Surface With Osteochondral Plug Grafts for Osteochondrosis of the Capitellum
Tibia Vara (Blount Disease)
Metaphyseal Osteotomy for Tibia Vara
Chevron Osteotomy for Tibia Vara
Epiphyseal and Metaphyseal Osteotomy for Tibia Vara
Hemielevation of The Epiphysis Osteotomy With Leg Lengthening Using an Ilizarov Frame for Tibia Vara
Rickets, Osteomalacia, and Renal Osteodystrophy
Hemophilia
Synovectomy of the Knee in Hemophilia
Synoviorthesis for Treatment of Hemophilic Arthropathy
Open Ankle Synovectomy in Hemophilia
Congenital Affections
Fassier-Duval Telescoping rod, Femur
Tibial Lengthening Over an Intramedullary Nail With External Fixation in Dwarfism
Bony Bridge Resection for Physeal Arrest
Bony Bridge Resection and Angulation Osteotomy for Physeal Arrest
Peripheral and Linear Physeal bar Resection for Physeal Arrest
Central Physeal bar Resection for Physeal Arrest
Part X. Nervous System Disorders in Children
Chapter 33. Cerebral Palsy
Etiology
Classification
Diagnosis
Associated Conditions
Treatment
Hip
Adductor Tenotomy and Release
Iliopsoas Recession
Iliopsoas Release at the Lesser Trochanter
Combined One-Stage Correction of Spastic Dislocated Hip
Proximal Femoral Resection
Redirectional Osteotomy (Mchale Procedure for Neglected Hip Dislocation)
Hip Arthrodesis
Knee
Fractional Lengthening of Hamstring Tendons
Distal Femoral Extension Osteotomy and Patellar Tendon Advancement
Rectus Femoris Transfer
Rotational Abnormalities
Foot and Ankle
Z-Plasty Lengthening of the Achilles Tendon
Percutaneous Lengthening of the Achilles Tendon
Gastrocnemius-Soleus Lengthening
Musculotendinous Recession of the Posterior Tibial Tendon
Split Posterior Tibial Tendon Transfer
Split Anterior Tibial Tendon Transfer
Lateral Closing-Wedge Calcaneal Osteotomy
Medial Displacement Calcaneal Osteotomy
Hindfoot Arthrodesis
Spine-Pelvic Obliquity and Scoliosis
Upper Extremity
Release of Elbow Flexion Contracture
Adults With Cerebral Palsy
Adult Stroke Patients
Correction of Talipes Equinovarus
Release of Internal Rotation Contracture of the Shoulder
Fractional Lengthening of Pectoralis Major, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major
Chapter 34. Paralytic Disorders
Poliomyelitis
Posterior Transfer of Anterior Tibial Tendon
Subtalar Arthrodesis
Subtalar Arthrodesis
Triple Arthrodesis
Correction of Cavus Deformity
Lambrinudi Arthrodesis
Anterior Transfer of Posterior Tibial Tendon
Anterior Transfer of Posterior Tibial Tendon
Split Transfer of Anterior Tibial Tendon
Peroneal Tendon Transfer
Peroneus Longus, Flexor Digitorum Longus, or Flexor or Extensor Hallucis Longus Tendon Transfer
Tenodesis of The Achilles Tendon
Posterior Transfer of Peroneus Longus, Peroneus Brevis, and Posterior Tibial Tendons
Posterior Transfer of Posterior Tibial, Peroneus Longus, and Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendons
Transfer of Biceps Femoris and Semitendinosus Tendons
Osteotomy of the Tibia for Genu Recurvatum
Triple Tenodesis for Genu Recurvatum
Complete Release of Hip Flexion, Abduction, and External Rotation Contracture
Complete Release of Muscles from Iliac Wing and Transfer of Crest of Ilium
Posterior Transfer of the Iliopsoas for Paralysis of the Gluteus Medius and Maximus Muscles
Trapezius Transfer for Paralysis of Deltoid
Trapezius Transfer for Paralysis of Deltoid
Transfer of Deltoid Origin for Partial Paralysis
Transfer of Latissimus Dorsi or Teres Major or Both for Paralysis of Subscapularis or Infraspinatus
Flexorplasty
Anterior Transfer of the Triceps
Transfer of the Pectoralis Major Tendon
Transfer of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle
Rerouting of Biceps Tendon for Supination Deformities of Forearm
Myelomeningocele
V-O Procedure
Anterolateral Release
Transfer of the Anterior Tibial Tendon to the Calcaneus
Screw Epiphysiodesis
Supramalleolar Varus Derotation Osteotomy
Radical Flexor Release
Anterior Hip Release
Fascial Release
Adductor Release
Transfer of Adductors, External Oblique, and Tensor Fasciae Latae
Proximal Femoral Resection and Interposition Arthroplasty
Pelvic Osteotomy
Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
Correction of Knee Flexion Contracture with Circular-Frame External Fixation
Correction of Knee Flexion Contracture with Anterior Stapling
Reorientational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy for Hip Contractures in Arthrogryposis
Posterior Elbow Capsulotomy with Triceps Lengthening for Elbow Extension Contracture
Posterior Release of Elbow Extension Contracture and Triceps Tendon Transfer
Dorsal Closing Wedge Osteotomy of the Wrist
Brachial Plexus Palsy
Anterior Shoulder Release
Rotational Osteotomy of the Humerus
Derotational Osteotomy with Plate and Screw Fixation
Glenoid Anteversion Osteotomy and Tendon Transfer
Release of the Internal Rotation Contracture and Transfer of the Latissimus Dorsi and Teres Major
Arthroscopic Release and Transfer of the Latissimus Dorsi
Chapter 35. Neuromuscular Disorders
Treatment Considerations
Differentiation of Muscle Disease From Nerve Disease
Open Muscle Biopsy
Percutaneous Muscle Biopsy
Muscular Dystrophy
Percutaneous Release of hip Flexion and Abduction Contractures and Achilles Tendon Contracture
Transfer of the Posterior Tibial Tendon to the Dorsum of the Foot
Transfer of the Posterior Tibial Tendon to the Dorsum of the Base of the Second Metatarsal
Scapulothoracic Fusion
Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies
Plantar Fasciotomy, Osteotomies, and Arthrodesis for Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
Radical Plantar-Medial Release and Dorsal Closing Wedge Osteotomy
Transfer of the Extensor Hallucis Longus Tendon for Claw toe Deformity
Transfer of the Extensor Tendons to the Middle Cuneiform
Stepwise Joint-Sparing Foot Osteotomies
Part XI. Fractures and Dislocations in Children
Chapter 36. Fractures and Dislocations in Children
General Principles
Growth Plate Injuries
Open Fractures
Birth Fractures
Nonaccidental Trauma
Clavicle
Sternoclavicular Fractures and Dislocations
Lateral (Distal) Clavicular Fractures
Acromioclavicular Dislocations
Shoulder Dislocations
Proximal Humeral Fractures
Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning (or Screw Fixation) of Proximal Humerus
Closed Reduction and Intramedullary Nailing of Proximal Humerus
Humeral Shaft Fractures
Closed/Open Reduction and Intramedullary Nailing of Humeral Shaft
Supracondylar Humeral Fractures
Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning of Supracondylar Fractures (Two Lateral Pins)
Anterior Approach
Lateral Closing Wedge Osteotomy for Cubitus Varus
Lateral Condylar Fractures
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Lateral Condylar Fracture
Osteotomy for Established Cubitus Valgus Secondary to Nonunion or Growth Arrest
Medial Condylar Fractures
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Medial Condylar Fracture
Medial Epicondylar Fractures
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Displaced or Entrapped Medial Epicondyle
Distal Humeral Fractures
Capitellar Fractures
Olecranon Fractures
Radial Head and Neck Fractures
Closed and Open Reduction of Radial Neck Fractures
Percutaneous Reduction and Pinning
Closed Intramedullary Nailing
Coronoid Fractures
Elbow Dislocations
Radial Head Dislocations (Monteggia Fracture-Dislocations)
Overcorrection Osteotomy and Ligamentous Repair or Reconstruction
Galeazzi Fractures
Nursemaid’s Elbow
Forearm Fractures
Intramedullary Forearm Nailing
Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning of Fractures of the Distal Radius
Wrist Dislocations
Scaphoid and Carpal Fractures
Metacarpal Fractures
Phalangeal Fractures
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Physeal Fractures of Phalanges and Metacarpals
Pediatric Spine Fractures and Dislocations
Pelvic Fractures
Hip Fractures
Closed Reduction and Internal Fixation
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Valgus Subtrochanteric Osteotomy for Acquired Coxa Vara or Nonunion
Modified Pauwels Intertrochanteric Osteotomy for Acquired Coxa Vara or Nonunion
Traumatic Hip Dislocations
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Determining The Entry Point for Cannulated Screw Fixation of a Slipped Epiphysis
Determining the Entry Point for Cannulated Screw Fixation of a Slipped Epiphysis
Positional Reduction and Fixation for Scfe
Subcapital Realignment of the Epiphysis (Modified Dunn) for Scfe
Compensatory Basilar Osteotomy of the Femoral Neck
Extracapsular Base-Of-Neck Osteotomy
Intertrochanteric Osteotomy (Imhäuser)
Femoral Fractures
Spica Cast Application
Flexible Intramedullary Nail Fixation
Closed or Open Reduction
Knee Fractures and Dislocations
Reconstruction of the Patellofemoral and Patellotibial Ligaments With a Semitendinosus Tendon Graft
3-in-1 Procedure for Recurrent Dislocation of the Patella: Lateral Release, Vastus Medialis Obliquus Muscle Advancement, and Transfer of the Medial Third of the Patellar Tendon to the Medial Collateral Ligament
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Sleeve Fracture
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Eminence Fracture
Arthroscopic Reduction of Tibial Eminence Fracture and Internal Fixation With Bioabsorbable Nails
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Tibial and Fibular Fractures
Open Reduction and Removal of Interposed Tissue
Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing of Tibial Fracture
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Foot Fractures
Excision of Osteochondral Fragment of the Talus
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Cuboid Compression (Nutcracker) Fracture
Part XII. The Spine
Chapter 37. Anatomic Approaches to the Spine
Anatomy of Vertebral Column
Anatomy of Spinal Joints
Anatomy of Spinal Cord and Nerves
Anatomy of Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Pedicles
Circulation of Spinal Cord
Surgical Approaches
Anterior Transoral Approach
Anterior Retropharyngeal Approach
Subtotal Maxillectomy
Extended Maxillotomy
Anterior Approach, C3 to C7
Anterolateral Approach, C2 to C7
Low Anterior Cervical Approach
High Transthoracic Approach
Transsternal Approach
Modified Anterior Approach to Cervicothoracic Junction
Anterior Approach to the Cervicothoracic Junction Without Sternotomy
Anterior Approach to the Thoracic Spine
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery
Anterior Approach to the Thoracolumbar Junction
Minimally Invasive Approach to the Thoracolumbar Junction
Anterior Retroperitoneal Approach, L1 to L5
Percutaneous Lateral Approach, L1 to L4-5
Anterior Transperitoneal Approach, L5 to S1
Oblique Approach for Lumbar Interbody Fusion, L1-L5 and L5-S1
Video-Assisted Lumbar Surgery
Posterior Approach to the Cervical Spine, Occiput to C2
Posterior Approach to the Cervical Spine, C3 to C7
Posterior Approach to the Thoracic Spine, T1 to T12
Costotransversectomy
Posterior Approach to the Lumbar Spine, L1 to L5
Paraspinal Approach to Lumbar Spine
Posterior Approach to the Lumbosacral Spine, L1 to Sacrum
Posterior Approach to the Sacrum and Sacroiliac Joint
Chapter 38. Degenerative Disorders of the Cervical Spine
Overview of Disc Degeneration and Herniation in the Cervical Spine
Disc and Spine Anatomy
Natural History of Disc Disease
Diagnostic Studies
Injection Studies
Interlaminar Cervical Epidural Injection
Cervical Medial Branch Block Injection
Cervical Discography
Cervical Disc Disease
Removal of Posterolateral Herniations by Posterior Approach (Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy)
Minimally Invasive Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy With Tubular Distractors
Full-Endoscopic Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy
Tissue-Sparing Posterior Cervical Fusion
Smith-Robinson Anterior Cervical Fusion
Anterior Occipitocervical Arthrodesis By Extrapharyngeal Exposure
Fibular Strut Graft in Cervical Spine Arthrodesis With Corpectomy
Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Spine
Ankylosing Spondylitis of the Cervical Spine
Chapter 39. Degenerative Disorders of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine
Overview of Lumbar and Thoracic Disc Degeneration and Herniation
Disc and Spine Anatomy
Natural History of Disc Disease
Diagnostic Studies
Myelography
Interlaminar Thoracic Epidural Injection
Interlaminar Lumbar Epidural Injection
Transforaminal Lumbar and Sacral Epidural Injection
Caudal Sacral Epidural Injection
Lumbar Intraarticular Injection
Lumbar Medial Branch Block Injection
Sacroiliac Joint Injection
Lumbar Discography
Thoracic Discography
Thoracic Disc Disease
Thoracic Costotransversectomy
Thoracic Discectomy—Anterior Approach
Thoracoscopic Thoracic Discectomy
Minimally Invasive Thoracic Discectomy
Transforaminal Endoscopic Thoracic Discectomy
Lumbar Disc Disease
Microscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Interlaminar Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Dural Repair Augmented with Fibrin Glue
Repeat Lumbar Disc Excision
Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Arthrodesis
Transthoracic approach to the thoracic spine
Anterior Interbody Fusion of the Lumbar Spine
Percutaneous Anterior Lumbar Arthrodesis—Lateral Approach to L1 to L4-5
Hibbs fusion
Posterolateral Lumbar Fusion
Intertransverse Lumbar Fusion
Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
Pseudarthrosis Repair
Degenerative Disc Disease and Internal Disc Derangement
Thoracic/Lumbar Disc Arthroplasty (Total Disc Replacement)
Stenosis of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine
Midline Decompression (Neural Arch Resection)
Spinous Process Osteotomy (Decompression)
Microdecompression
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Adult Spinal Deformity
Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy
Coccygeal Pain
Coccygeal Injection
Chapter 40. Spondylolisthesis
General Information
Spondylolysis
Repair of Pars Interarticularis Defect with V-Rod Technique
Adult Isthmic Spondylolisthesis
In Situ Posterolateral Instrumented Fusion: Wiltse and Spencer Approach
Posterior Instrumented Fusion With Interbody Fusion (Plif And Tlif)
L5-S1 Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
Lumbar Decompression
Lumbar Decompression and Posterolateral Fusion With or Without Instrumentation
Lumbar Decompression and Combined Posterolateral and Interbody Fusion (Tlif Or Plif)
Perioperative Management and Complications
Chapter 41. Fractures, Dislocations, and Fracture-Dislocations of the Spine
Initial Management of Spinal Injury
Stretch Test
Spinal Cord Injury
Application of Gardner-Wells Tongs
Closed Reduction of the Cervical Spine
Cervical Spine Injuries
Halo Vest Application
Occipitocervical Fusion Using Modular Plate and Rod Construct, Segmental Fixation With Occipital Plating, C1 Lateral Mass Screw, C2 Isthmic (Pars) Screws, and Lateral Mass Fixation
Occipitocervical Fusion Using Wires and Bone Graft
Posterior Primary Osteosynthesis of C1
Anterior Odontoid Screw Fixation
Posterior C1-C2 Fusion Using Rod and Screw Construct With C1 Lateral Mass Screws
Posterior C1-C2 Fusion With C2 Translaminar Screws
Posterior C1-C2 Transarticular Screws
Posterior C1-C2 Fusion Using the Modified Gallie Posterior Wiring Technique
Posterior C1-C2 Wiring
Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion With Plating
Cervical Corpectomy and Reconstruction With Plating
Posterior Subaxial Fixation and Fusion
Lateral Mass Screw and Rod Fixation
Thoracic and Lumbar Injuries
Thoracic and Lumbar Segmental Fixation With Pedicle Screws
Anterior Plating
Sacral Fractures and Spinopelvic Dissociation Injuries
Lumbopelvic Fixation (Triangular Osteosynthesis)
Chapter 42. Infections and Tumors of the Spine
Infections of the Spine
Drainage of Retropharyngeal Abscess Through Posterior Triangle of the Neck
Anterior Cervical Approach to Drainage of Retropharyngeal Abscess
Costotransversectomy for Drainage of Dorsal Spine Abscess
Drainage of Paravertebral Abscess
Drainage Through the Petit Triangle
Drainage by Lateral Incision
Drainage by Anterior Incision
Coccygectomy for Drainage of a Pelvic Abscess
Radical Debridement and Arthrodesis
Tumors of the Spine
Anterior Excision of Spinal Tumor
Costotransversectomy for Intralesional Excision of Spinal Tumor
Transpedicular Intralesional Excision for Tumor of the Spine
Chapter 43. Pediatric Cervical Spine
Normal Embryology and Growth and Development
Anomalies of the Odontoid
Atlantoaxial Fusion
Posterior Atlantoaxial Fusion
Posterior Atlantoaxial Fusion Using Laminar Wiring
C1-2 Fixation with Transarticular Screws and with Screw and Rods (Harms Technique)
Translaminar Screw Fixation of C2
Occipitocervical Fusion
Occipitocervical Fusion Passing Wires Through Table of Skull
Occipitocervical Fusion Without Internal Fixation
Occipitocervical Fusion Using Crossed Wiring
Occipitocervical Fusion Using Contoured Rod and Segmental Rod Fixation
Occipitocervical Fusion Using a Contoured Occipital Plate, Screw, and Rod Fixation
Transoral Approach
Transoral Mandible-Splitting and Tongue-Splitting Approach
Subtotal Maxillectomy
Lateral Retropharyngeal Approach
Anterior Retropharyngeal Approach
Application of Halo Device
Complications
Basilar Impression
Atlantooccipital Fusion
Idiopathic Atlantooccipital Instability
Klippel-Feil Syndrome
Posterior Fusion of C3-7
Posterior Fusion of C3 to C7 Using 16-Gauge Wire and Threaded Kirschner Wires
Posterior Fusion with Lateral Mass Screw Fixation
Posterior Fusion With Lateral Mass Screw and Rod Fixation
Rib Resection
Atlantoaxial Rotatory Subluxation
Cervical Instability in Down Syndrome
Familial Cervical Dysplasia
Congenital Anomalies of the Atlas
Larsen Syndrome
Posterior Spinal Fusion for Cervical Kyphosis Through A Lateral Approach
Sternal-Splitting Approach to the Cervicothoracic Junction
Intervertebral Disc Calcification
Chapter 44. Scoliosis and Kyphosis
Scoliosis
Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis
Casting for Idiopathic Scoliosis
Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis
Dual Growing Rod Instrumentation Without Fusion
Shilla Guided Growth System
Growing Rod Attachment Using Rib Anchors
Anterior Vertebral Tethering
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Posterior Surgeries for Idiopathic Scoliosis
Facet Fusion
Facet Fusion
Autogenous Iliac Crest Bone Graft
Thoracic Pedicle Screw Insertion Techniques
Pedicle Hook Implantation
Transverse Process Hook Implantation
LaminaR Hook Implantation
Sublaminar Wires
Instrumentation Sequence in Typical Lenke 1A Curve
Deformity Correction By Direct Vertebral Rotation
Temporary Distraction Rod
Anterior Release
Osteotomy In Complex Spinal Deformity
Posterior Thoracic Vertebral Column Resection
Osteotomy of the Ribs
Thoracoabdominal Approach
Lumbar Extraperitoneal Approach
Disc Excision
Anterior Instrumentation of A Thoracolumbar Curve
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Discectomy
Thoracoscopic Vertebral Body Instrumentation for Vertebral Body Tether
Neuromuscular Scoliosis
Luque Rod Instrumentation And Sublaminar Wires Without Pelvic Fixation
Sacropelvic Fixation
Galveston Sacropelvic Fixation
Unit Rod Instrumentation With Pelvic Fixation
Iliac Fixation With Iliac Screws
Iliac and Lumbosacral Fixation With Sacral-Alar-Iliac Screws
Congenital Scoliosis
Transpedicular Convex Anterior Hemiepiphysiodesis and Posterior Arthrodesis
Convex Anterior and Posterior Hemiepiphysiodeses and Fusion
Hemivertebra Excision: Anteroposterior Approach
Hemivertebra Excision: Lateral-Posterior Approach
Hemivertebra Excision: Posterior Approach
Transpedicular Eggshell Osteotomies With Frameless Stereotactic Guidance
Expansion Thoracoplasty
Kyphosis
Scheuermann Disease
Anterior Release and Fusion
Posterior Multiple Hook and Screw Segmental Instrumentation
Posterior Column Shortening Procedure for Scheuermann Kyphosis
Congenital Kyphosis
Anterior Osteotomy and Fusion
Anterior Cord Decompression and Fusion
Anterior Vascular Rib Bone Grafting
Circumferential Decompression and Cantilever Bending
Posterior Hemivertebra Resection With Transpedicular Instrumentation
Progressive Anterior Vertebral Fusion
Infantile Lumbar Hypoplasia
Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolysis Repair
Modified Scott Repair Technique
Intralaminar Screw Fixation OF Pars Defect (Buck Screw Technique)
Spondylolysis Repair with U-Rod or V-Rod
Posterolateral Fusion and Pedicle Screw Fixation
Instrumented Reduction
Reduction and Interbody Fusion
One-Stage Decompression and Posterolateral Interbody Fusion
Uninstrumented Circumferential In Situ Fusion
Kyphoscoliosis
Posterior Instrumentation and Fusion
Vertebral Excision and Reduction of Kyphosis
Unusual Causes OF Scoliosis
Open Biopsy of Thoracic Vertebra
Unusual Causes of Kyphosis
Volume III
Part XIII. Sports Medicine
Chapter 45. Knee Injuries
Anatomy
Mechanics
Menisci
Open Meniscal Repair
Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy and Decompression of Meniscal Cyst
Excision of Meniscal Cyst
Acute Traumatic Lesions of Ligaments
Repair of Medial Compartment Disruptions
Reconstruction of Medial Compartment
Repair of Posteromedial Corner
Reconstruction of Posteromedial Corner
Reconstruction of the Anterolateral Ligament
Repair of Lateral Compartment Disruptions
Reconstruction of the Posterolateral Structures for Mild-To-Moderate Posterolateral Instability
Reconstruction of the Popliteal Tendon Using the Iliotibial Band for Posterolateral Instability
Rerouting of the Biceps Tendon to the Femoral Epicondyle for Posterolateral Instability
Anatomic Posterolateral Knee Reconstruction for Grade III Posterolateral Injury
Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction With a Single Allograft Fibular Sling
Allograft Reconstruction of the Lateral Collateral Ligament
Reconstruction of Posterolateral Structures With Semitendinosus Tendon
Valgus Tibial Osteotomy and Posterolateral Reconstruction
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Repair of Bony Tibial Avulsions of Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Extraarticular Procedures (Iliotibial Band Tenodesis)
Extraarticular Procedures (Iliotibial Band Tenodesis)
Extraarticular Procedures (Iliotibial Band Tenodesis)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Graft
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Hamstrings (With Proximal Release of Hamstrings)
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Repair of Bony Avulsion
Reconstruction of Posterior Cruciate Ligament With Patellar Tendon Graft
Reconstruction of Posterior Cruciate Ligament With Patellar Tendon Graft
Reconstruction of Posterior Cruciate Ligament With Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone or Achilles Tendon–Bone Grafts
Reconstruction of Posterior Cruciate Ligament With Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone or Achilles Tendon–Bone Grafts
Traumatic Dislocations
Synovial Plicae
Articular Cartilage Injuries
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Disorders of the Patella
Subperiosteal Release of the Lateral Quadriceps Mechanism
Advancement of the Tibial Tuberosity
Patellectomy
Thompson Quadricepsplasty
Mini-Invasive Quadricepsplasty
Posterior Capsulotomy
Posterior Capsulotomy
Open Wounds of the Knee Joint
Chapter 46. Shoulder and Elbow Injuries
Shoulder Injuries
Open Anterior Acromioplasty
Open Repair of Rotator Cuff Tears
Latissimus Dorsi Transfer
Decompression and Debridement of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
Closed Manipulation
Posterior Surgical Approach for Quadrilateral Space Syndrome
Posterior Surgical Approach for Suprascapular Nerve Entrapment
Suprascapular Notch Decompression
Spinoglenoid Notch Decompression
Removal of a Ganglion From the Inferior Branch of the Suprascapular Nerve
Elbow Injuries
Correction of Tennis Elbow
Correction of Medial Epicondylitis
Anterior and Posterior Release of Elbow Contracture
Excision of Heterotopic Ossification
Chapter 47. Recurrent Dislocations
Patella
Reconstruction of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament
Medial Quadriceps Tendon-Femoral Ligament Reconstruction
Distal Realignment
Oblique Osteotomy of the Tuberosity
Fulkerson Osteotomy
Trochleoplasty
Hip
Sternoclavicular Joint
Shoulder
Bankart Operation
Modified Bankart Repair
Anterior Stabilization With Associated Glenoid Deficiency (Laterjet Procedure)
Reconstruction of Anterior Glenoid Using Iliac Crest Bone Autograft
Capsular Shift
Neer Inferior Capsular Shift Procedure Through a Posterior Approach
Tibone and Bradley Technique
Capsular Shift Reconstruction With Posterior Glenoid Osteotomy
Mclaughlin Procedure
Surgical Failures
Elbow
Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction—andrews et al. Technique
Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction
Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair With an Internal Brace
Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction for Posterolateral Rotatory Instability
Chapter 48. Traumatic Disorders
Compartment Syndrome
Fasciotomy for Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Thigh
Single-Incision Fasciotomy for Lower Leg Compartment Syndrome
Double-Incision Fasciotomy for Lower Leg Compartment Syndrome
Double Mini-Incision Fasciotomy for Chronic Anterior Compartment Syndrome
Single-Incision Fasciotomy for Chronic Anterior and Lateral Compartment Syndrome
Double-Incision Fasciotomy for Chronic Posterior Compartment Syndrome
Rupture of Muscles and Tendons
Open Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture
Open Repair of Achilles Tendon Rupture—Krackow et al.
Open Repair of Achilles Tendon Rupture—Lindholm
Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Using Plantaris Tendon
Dynamic Loop Suture Technique for Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture
Minimally Invasive and Percutaneous Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture
Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Repair
Transfer of the Peroneus Brevis Tendon for Neglected Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Direct Repair of Neglected Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Repair of Neglected Achilles Tendon Ruptures Using Peroneus Brevis and Plantaris Tendons
Repair of Neglected Achilles Tendon Ruptures Using Gastrocnemius-Soleus Turn-Down Graft
V-Y Repair of Neglected Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Repair of Neglected Achilles Tendon Ruptures Using Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Transfer
Tenotomy and Repair for Chronic Patellar Tendinosis
Fixation of Patellar Stress Fracture
Suture Repair of Patellar Tendon Rupture
Suture Anchor Repair of Patellar Tendon Rupture
Achilles Tendon Allograft for Chronic Patellar Tendon Rupture
Hamstring (Semitendinosus and Gracilis) Autograft Augmentation for Chronic Patellar Tendon Rupture
Hamstring Autograft Augmentation for Chronic Patellar Tendon Rupture
Repair of Acute Rupture of the Tendon of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle
Repair of Proximal Hamstring Avulsion
Open Repair of Proximal Hamstring Avulsion
Endoscopic Repair of Proximal Hamstring Avulsion
Repair of Proximal Biceps Tendon Rupture
Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis
Two-Incision Technique for Repair of the Distal Biceps Tendon
Single-Incision Technique for Repair of the Distal Biceps Tendon
Double-Row Repair of the Distal Triceps Tendon
Displacement of Tendons
Repair of the Superior Peroneal Retinaculum
Fibular Groove Deepening With Tissue Transfer (Periosteal Flap) for Recurrent Peroneal Tendon Dislocation
Indirect (Impaction) Fibular Groove Deepening for Peroneal Tendon Dislocation
Achilles Tendon Augmentation of Superior Peroneal Retinaculum Repair
Treatment of Biceps Brachii Tendon Displacement
Part XIV. Arthroscopy
Chapter 49. General Principles of Arthroscopy
Instruments and Equipment
Anesthesia
Documentation
Advantages
Disadvantages
Indications and Contraindications
Basic Arthroscopic Techniques
Complications
Chapter 50. Arthroscopy of the Foot and Ankle
Ankle Arthroscopy
Arthroscopic Examination and Debridement of the Ankle Joint
Posterior Debridement forAnkle Impingement
Posterior Arthroscopic Subtalar Arthrodesis
Subtalar Arthroscopy
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthroscopy
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthroscopy
Tendoscopy/Endoscopy of Tendons
Tendoscopic Recession of the Gastrocnemius Tendon
Chapter 51. Arthroscopy of the Lower Extremity
Knee
Resection of Bucket-Handle Tear
Removal of Posterior Horn Tear
Treatment of Partial Depth Meniscal Tears
Partial Excision of the Discoid Meniscus
Inside-To-Outside Technique
Outside-To-Inside Technique
Lateral Meniscal Suturing
Outside-In Repair of Complete Radial Tear of the Lateral Meniscus
Transtibial Pull-Out Repair of Radial or Meniscal Root Tear
Meniscal Replacement
Removal of Loose Bodies
Resection of Plica
Arthroscopic Drilling of an Intact Lesion of the Femoral Condyle
Arthroscopic Screw Fixation for Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions in the Medial Femoral Condyle
Osteochondral Autograft Transfer
Anatomic Single-Bundle Endoscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Graft
Two-Incision Technique for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Graft
Endoscopic Quadruple Hamstring Graft
All-Inside Quadruple Hamstring Graft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Anatomic Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Transepiphyseal Replacement of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using Quadruple Hamstring Grafts
Physeal-Sparing Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Partial Transepiphyseal Acl Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Athletes
Anterior Cruciate and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction (BOX 51.8)
Single-Tunnel Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Double-Tunnel Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Lateral Retinacular Release
Arthroscopically Assisted Fracture Reduction and Percutaneous Fixation
Arthroscopic Lysis and Excision of Adhesions
HIP
Supine Position Arthroscopy
Lateral Position Arthroscopy
Arthroscopic Repair of Labral Tears
Arthroscopic Treatment of Pincer Impingement
Arthroscopic Treatment of Cam Impingement
Arthroscopic Labral Reconstruction
Repair of the Adductor Tendon
Treatment of External Snapping Hip
Psoas Release at the Lesser Trochanter
Psoas Release at the Joint Level
Chapter 52. Arthroscopy of the Upper Extremity
Shoulder
Establishing A Posterior Portal
Antegrade Method
Retrograde Method
Establishing The Superior Portal
Arthroscopic Removal of Loose Body
Arthroscopic Fixation of Type II Slap Lesions
Biceps Tendon Release
Arthroscopic Biceps Tenodesis: Percutaneous Intraarticular Transtendon Technique
Arthroscopic “Loop ‘N’ Tack” Tenodesis
Biceps Tenodesis: Arthroscopic or Mini-Open Technique with Screw Fixation
Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Technique
Posterior Shoulder Stabilization
Capsular Shift
Arthroscopic Repair of Posterior Humeral Avulsion of the Glenohumeral Ligament
Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression and Acromioplasty
Chock-Block Method for Acromioplasty
Debridement of Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears
Repair of Delamination and Localized, Articular-Side Partial-Thickness Cuff Tears
Transtendinous Repair of A Partial Articular-Side Supraspinatus Tendon Avulsion Lesion
Rotator Cuff Repair
Superior Capsule Reconstruction
Subscapularis Tendon Repair
Arthroscopic Resection of the Distal End of the Clavicle (Mumford Procedure)
Superior Approach
Acromioclavicular Joint Separation
Arthroscopically Assisted AC Joint Reconstruction
Release of Calcific Tendinitis
Capsular Release
Suprascapular Nerve Release
Scapulothoracic Bursectomy
Elbow
Arthroscopic Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans
Osteochondral Autograft Transfer
Removal of Olecranon Tip and Osteophytes
Resection of Thickened Pathologic Synovial PLICA
Arthroscopy for Arthrofibrosis
Arthroscopic Tennis Elbow Release
Arthroscopic Bursectomy
Wrist
Part XV. Fractures and Dislocations in Adults
Chapter 53. General Principles of Fracture Treatment
Classification of Fractures
Classification of Soft-Tissue Injuries
Trauma Principles
Percutaneous Drainage of a Morel-Lavallée Lesion
Irrigation and Debridement of Open Wounds
Fracture Healing (Bone Regeneration)
Harvest of Femoral or Tibial Bone Graft With the RIA Instrumentation
Principles of Surgical Treatment
Biomaterials of Fracture Fixation
Biomechanics of Implant Design and Fracture Fixation
Screw Fixation
Asif Cancellous Screw Technique
Pin Insertion
Rehabilitation
Treatment of Complications From Surgical Treatment of Fractures
Chapter 54. Fractures of the Lower Extremity
Ankle
Fixation of the Lateral Malleolus
Fixation of the Medial Malleolus
Repair of the Deltoid Ligament and Internal Fixation of the Lateral Malleolus
Reduction and Fixation of Posterior Malleolar Fracture
Reduction and Fixation of Anterior Tibial Margin Fractures
Stabilization of Unstable Ankle Fracture-Dislocation
Staged Minimally Invasive Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Posterolateral Approach to Pilon Fractures
Spanning External Fixation of Tibial Pilon Fracture
Definitive Ring External Fixation of Tibial Pilon Fractures
Fractures of the Tibial Shaft
Intramedullary Nailing of Tibial Shaft Fractures
External Fixation for Tibial Shaft Fractures
Ilizarov External Fixation for Tibial Shaft Fractures
Tibial Plateau Fracture
Open Reduction and Fixation of a Lateral Tibial Plateau Fracture
Posteromedial Exposure
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Bicondylar Injuries
Circular External Fixation
Patella
Common Approach and Technique for Patellar Fractures
Circumferential Wire Loop Fixation
Tension Band Wiring Fixation
Partial Patellectomy
Partial Patellectomy Using Figure-of-Eight Load-Sharing Wire or Cable
Total Patellectomy
Distal Femur
Fracture Fixation of the Medial Condyle
Fracture Fixation of the Posterior Part of the Medial Condyle
Swashbuckler Approach to the Distal Femur
Submuscular Minimally Invasive Locking Condylar Plate Application
Double Plate Fixation
Shaft of the Femur
Antegrade Femoral Nailing
Retrograde Femoral Nailing
Extraction of an Unbroken Antegrade Femoral Nail
Extraction of a Broken Femoral Antegrade Nail
Chapter 55. Fractures and Dislocations of the Hip
Femoral Neck Fractures
Fixation of Femoral Neck Fracture With Cannulated Screws
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Fluoroscopically Guided Capsulotomy of the Hip
Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures
Screw–Side Plate Fixation of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures
Intramedullary Nailing of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures
Intramedullary Nailing of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures With Integrated Proximal Interlocking Screws (Intertan)
Subtrochanteric Femoral Fractures
Intramedullary Nailing in Reconstruction Mode
Fixation of Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture With a Proximal Femoral Locking Plate
Fixation of Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture With a Blade Plate
Hip Dislocations and Femoral Head Fractures
Open Reduction of Posterior Hip Dislocation Through a Posterior Approach
Fractures of the Ipsilateral Femoral Neck and Shaft
Chapter 56. Fractures of the Acetabulum and Pelvis
Acetabular Fractures
Anterior Intra-Pelvic Approach
Fixation of Comminuted Posterior Wall Fracture With or Without a Transverse Component
Anterior Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty for Fractures Involving Primarily the Anterior Wall and Column
Pelvic Fractures
Gluteal Pillar External Fixation
Supra-Acetabular External Fixation
Anterior Subcutaneous Internal Fixation
Pelvic Clamps
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of the Pubic Symphysis
Internal Fixation: Posterior Approach and Fixation of Sacral Fractures and Sacroiliac Dislocations (Prone)
Percutaneous Iliosacral Screw Fixation of Sacroiliac Disruptions and Sacral Fractures (Supine)
Anterior Approach and Stabilization of the Sacroiliac Joint
Chapter 57. Fractures of the Shoulder, Arm, and Forearm
Clavicle
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Clavicular Fractures
Intramedullary Fixation With a Headed, Distally Threaded Pin (Rockwood Clavicle Pin)
Distal Clavicular Fracture Repair With Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction and Cortical Button Fixation
Fractures Around The Shoulder
Intramedullary Nailing of a Proximal Humeral Fracture
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Proximal Humeral Fractures
Anterolateral Acromial Approach for Internal Fixation of Proximal Humeral Fracture
Fractures of the Humeral Shaft
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of the Humeral Shaft Through a Modified Posterior Approach (Triceps-Reflecting)
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis
Antegrade Intramedullary Nailing of Humeral Shaft Fractures
Fractures of the Humeral Shaft With Radial Nerve Palsy
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of the Distal Humerus With Olecranon Osteotomy
Fractures, Dislocations, and Fracture-Dislocations of the Elbow
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Radial Head Fracture
Stabilization of “Terrible Triad” Elbow Fracture-Dislocation
Internal Joint Stabilization for Elbow Instability
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Olecranon Fracture
Fractures of the Shafts of the Radius and Ulna
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Both-Bone Forearm Fractures
Fractures of the Distal Radius
Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning of Distal Radial Fracture
External Fixation of Fracture of the Distal Radius
Volar Plate Fixation of Fracture of the Distal Radius
Distraction Plate Fixation
Chapter 58. Malunited Fractures
Foot
Correction of Metatarsal Angulation
Correction of Tarsal Malunion
Posterior Subtalar Arthrodesis
Distraction Arthrodesis
Resection of Lateral Prominence of Calcaneus
Correction of Calcaneal Malunion Through Extensile Lateral Approach
Correction of Valgus Malunion of Extraarticular Calcaneal Fracture
Ankle
Osteotomy for Bimalleolar Fracture
Correction of Diastasis of the Tibia And Fibula
Supramalleolar Osteotomy
Tibia
Oblique Tibial Osteotomy
Clamshell Osteotomy
Subcondylar Osteotomy and Wedge Graft for Malunion of Lateral Condyle
Osteotomy and Internal Fixation of the Lateral Condyle
Patella
Femur and Hip
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Osteotomy for Femoral Malunion
Osteotomy for Femoral Malunion in Children
Correction of Cervicotrochanteric Malunion
Acetabulum
Pelvis
Scapula
Osteotomy and Reorientation of Scapular Neck
Clavicle
Osteotomy and Plate Fixation
Osteotomy and Elastic Intramedullary Nailing of Midshaft Clavicular Fracture
Humerus
Closing Wedge Valgus Osteotomy for Varus Malunion of Proximal Humerus
Correction of Proximal Third Humeral Malunion
Forearm
Correction of Radial Neck Malunion
Osteotomy and Fixation of Monteggia Fracture Malunion
Resection of Proximal Part of Radial Shaft
Osteotomy and Plating for Forearm Malunion
Correction of Forearm Malunion with Distal Radioulnar Joint Instability
Drill Osteoclasis
Distal Radius
Opening Wedge Metaphyseal Osteotomy with Bone Grafting and Internal Fixation with Plate and Screws
Volar Osteotomy
Intramedullary Fixation
External Fixation
Osteotomy for Intraarticular Malunion
Radiolunate Arthrodesis
Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy
Resection of the Distal Ulna
Carpus
Hand
Chapter 59. Delayed Union and Nonunion of Fractures
Definitions
Etiology and Pathophysiology
General Treatment of Nonunions
Decortication
Fibular Autograft (Nonvascularized)
Intramedullary Fibular Strut Allograft (Humerus)
Factors Complicating Nonunion
Nonunion of Specific Bones
Resection of the Distal Fragment of the Medial Malleolus
Sliding Graft
Bone Graft of Medial Malleolar Nonunion
Posterolateral Bone Grafting
Anterior Central Bone Grafting
Percutaneous Bone Marrow Injection
Tibial Exchange Nailing
Plate Fixation and Bone Grafting of the Clavicle
Chapter 60. Acute Dislocations
Indications for Open Reduction
Ankle
Patella
Open Reduction and Repair of Patellar Dislocation
Grafting of the Medial Patellar Retinaculum
Open Reduction and Repair of the Extensor Mechanism
Knee
HIP
Open Reduction of Hip Dislocation
Sternoclavicular Joint
Acromioclavicular Joint
Anatomic Reconstruction of the Conoid and Trapezoid Ligaments
Shoulder
Elbow
Open Reduction of Radial Head Dislocation
Distal Radioulnar Joint
Chapter 61. Old Unreduced Dislocations
Foot
Ankle
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
Ligamentous Reconstruction for Old Unreduced Dislocation of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
Knee
Open Reduction for old Unreduced Dislocation of the Knee
Patella
Open Reduction for Old Unreduced Dislocation of the Patella
HIP
Intertrochanteric Osteotomy for Chronic Anterior Dislocation of the Hip
Traction and Abduction for Chronic Posterior Hip Dislocation
Sternoclavicular Joint
Resection or Stabilization of the Medial End of the Clavicle for Old Anterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation
Stabilization of Old Posterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation
Acromioclavicular Joint
Resection of the Lateral End of the Clavicle for Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation
Reconstruction of the Superior Acromioclavicular Ligament for Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation
Transfer of the Coracoacromial Ligament for Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation
Arthroscopic Transfer of the Coracoacromial Ligament for Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation
Shoulder
Open Reduction of Chronic Anterior Shoulder Dislocation
Open Reduction of Chronic Posterior Shoulder Dislocation From a Superior Approach
Open Reduction of Chronic Posterior Shoulder Dislocation Through an Anteromedial Approach
Deltopectoral Approach for Chronic Posterior Shoulder Dislocation
Elbow
Open Reduction and V-Y Lengthening of Triceps Muscles for Chronic Elbow Dislocation
Volume IV
Part XVI. Peripheral Nerve Injuries of the Upper and Lower Extremities
Chapter 62. Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Anatomy of the Spinal Nerves
Internal Topography of Peripheral Nerves
Neuronal Degeneration and Regeneration
Classification of Nerve Injuries
Effects of Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Etiology of Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Clinical Diagnosis of Nerve Injuries
General Considerations of Treatment of Nerve Injuries
Factors That Influence Regeneration After Neurorrhaphy
General Considerations for Surgery
Technique of Nerve Repair
Epineurial Neurorrhaphy
Perineurial (Fascicular) Neurorrhaphy
Interfascicular Nerve Grafting
Cervical Plexus
Nerve Transfers
Transfer of the Ulnar Nerve Fascicles to Nerve of the Biceps Muscle
Double Fascicular Transfer From Ulnar and Median Nerves to Nerve of the Brachialis Branches
Neurotization of the Suprascapular Nerve With the Spinal Accessory Nerve
Neurotization of the Axillary Nerve With Radial Nerve
Upper Extremity Nerve Injuries
Posterior Approach for Division of the Transverse Scapular Ligament
Approach to the Axillary Nerve
Approach to the Musculocutaneous Nerve
Approach to the Radial Nerve
Approach to the Ulnar Nerve
Nerve Transfer for Ulnar Nerve Reconstruction
Approach to the Median Nerve
Lumbar Plexus
Approach to the Femoral Nerve
Sacral Plexus
Approach to the Sciatic Nerve
Approach to the Common, Superficial, and Deep Peroneal Nerves
Approach to the Tibial Nerve Deep to the Soleus Muscle
Part XVII. Microsurgery
Chapter 63. Microsurgery
Microvascular Anastomosis (End-to-End)
Microvascular End-to-Side Anastomosis
Microvascular Vein Grafting
Replantation
Preparation for Replantation
Vessel Repair in Replantation
Nerve Repair for Replantation
Reoperation
Revascularization
Pocket Technique For Microvascular Anastomosis
Single-Stage Tissue Transfer (Free Flaps)
Dissection for Free Groin Flap
Dissection for Anterolateral Thigh Flap
Dissection for Scapular and Parascapular Flap
Dissection for Lateral Arm Flap
Muscle and Musculocutaneous Free Flaps
Dissection for Latissimus Dorsi Transfer
Dissection for Serratus Anterior Flap
Dissection for Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscle Flap
Dissection for Gracilis Muscle Transfer
Dissection for Rectus Abdominis Transfer
Functioning Neuromuscular Transfers
Transfer of Functioning Muscle
Free Vascularized Bone Transplant
Posterior Approach for Harvesting Fibular Graft
Lateral Approach for Harvesting Fibular Graft
Distal Tibiofibular Fusion to Prevent Progressive Valgus Deformity
Free Iliac Crest Bone Graft
Harvesting of Medial Femoral Condyle Corticoperiosteal Free Flap
Medial Femoral Condyle Corticoperiosteal Free Flap for Scaphoid Arthroplasty
Composite Free Tissue Transfers From the Foot
Dorsalis Pedis Free Tissue Transfer
Neurovascular Free Flap Transfer First Web Space
Great Toe Wraparound Flap Transfer
Thumb and Finger Reconstruction
Single-Stage Great Toe Transfer
Trimmed-Toe Transfer
Second or Third Toe Transplantation
Vascularized Free Flaps Containing Joints and Epiphyses
Part XVIII. The Hand
Chapter 64. Basic Surgical Technique and Postoperative Care
Preoperative Planning and Preparation
Choice of Anesthesia
Preparation and Draping for Elective Surgery
Tourniquet
Instruments
Basic Skin Technique
Midlateral Finger Incision
Z-Plasty
Care After Surgery
Splinting
Chapter 65. Acute Hand Injuries
History
Examination
Considerations for Amputation
Order of Tissue Repair
Arterial Injuries
Considerations for Skin Closure
Methods and Indications for Skin Closure
Grafts and Flaps
Applying Split-Thickness Grafts
Applying Full-Thickness Grafts
Applying Cross Finger Flaps
Applying a Radial Forearm Graft
Applying a Posterior Interosseous Flap
Applying a Random Pattern Abdominal Pedicle Flap
Groin Pedicle Flap
Hypogastric (Superficial Epigastric) Flap
Applying a Filleted Graft
Skin Coverage
Chapter 66. Flexor and Extensor Tendon Injuries
Flexor Tendons
Modified Kessler-Tajima Suture
Flexor Tendon Repair Using Six-Strand Repair (Adelaide Technique)
Four- or Six-Strand Repair
Multiple Looped Suture Tendon Repair
Six-Strand Double-Loop Suture Repair
Eight-Strand Repair
End-to-Side Repair
Roll Stitch
Pull-Out Technique for Tendon Attachment
Repair in Zones I and II
Repair in Zones III, IV, and V
Profundus Advancement
Reconstruction of Finger Flexors: Single-Stage Tendon Graft
Reconstruction of Flexor Tendon Pulleys
Stage 1: Excision of Tendon and Scar and Reconstruction of Flexor Pulley
Stage 2: Rod Removal and Tendon Graft Insertion
Flexor Tendon Graft
Two-Stage Flexor Tendon Graft for Flexor Pollicis Longus
Transfer of Ring Finger Flexor Sublimis to Flexor Pollicis Longus
Flexor Tenolysis After Repair and Grafting
Freeing of Adherent Tendon
Tenodesis
Extensor Tendons
Chronic Mallet Finger (Secondary Repair)
Chronic Mallet Finger (Secondary Repair)
Tendon Transfer for Correction of old Mallet Finger Deformity
Tendon Graft for Correction of old Mallet Finger Deformity
Repair of Central Slip of The Extensor Expansion Causing Boutonniere Deformity
Reconstruction of the Extensor Mechanism for Chronic Boutonniere Deformity
Repair of Traumatic Dislocation of the Extensor Tendon
Chapter 67. Fractures, Dislocations, and Ligamentous Injuries of The Hand and Wrist
Principles of Treatment
Thumb
Closed Pinning
Open Reduction
Corrective Osteotomy
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent Dislocation
Open Reduction—Volar Approach
Repair by Suture
Anatomic Graft Reconstructions
Jobe Four-Limb Reconstruction
Finger Metacarpals
Open Reduction
Open Reduction—Dorsal Approach
Open Reduction and Fixation of Metacarpal Shaft Fracture
Percutaneous Pinning of Metacarpal Shaft Fracture
Percutaneous Pinning of A Metacarpal Shaft Fracture
Open Reduction and Plate Fixation
Open Reduction and Screw Fixation
Phalanges
Open Reduction
Hemi-Hamate Autograft
Open Reduction
Dynamic Distraction External Fixation
Dynamic Intradigital External Fixation
Tendon Graft to Replace Ruptured Collateral Ligament
Open Reduction and Fixation with A Kirschner Wire
Open Reduction and Fixation with A Pull-Out Wire and Transarticular Kirschner Wire
Intraarticular Fractures
Complications of Hand Fractures
Correction of Metacarpal Neck Malunion
Correction of Nonunion of the Metacarpals
Metacarpophalangeal Joint Capsulotomy
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Capsulotomy
Chapter 68. Nerve Injuries at the Level of the Hand and Wrist
Evaluation
Two-Point and Moving Two-Point Discrimination Testing
Nerve Regeneration
Primary and Delayed Primary Nerve Repair
Secondary Nerve Repair
Suturing of Nerves
Nerve Grafts
Conduit-Assisted Digital Nerve Repair
Tension-Free Nerve Graft
Management of Specific Nerve Injuries
Suture of Digital Nerves
Transfer of the Proper Digital Nerve Dorsal Branch
Repair of the Ulnar Nerve
Repair of the Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve
Repair of the Median Nerve
Repair of the Superficial Radial Nerve
Traumatic Neuromas
Neurovascular Island Grafts
Neurovascular Island Graft Transfer
Chapter 69. Wrist Disorders
Anatomy
Diagnosis of Wrist Conditions
Arthroscopy of the Wrist
Patient Positioning for Wrist Arthroscopy
Radiocarpal Examination
Midcarpal Examination
Distal Radioulnar Examination
Fractures and Dislocations of the Carpal Bones, Including Kienböck Disease
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation OF Acute Displaced Fractures of the Scaphoid—Volar Approach with ILIAC Crest Bone Grafting
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Acute Displaced Fractures of the Scaphoid—Dorsal Approach
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Acute Displaced Fractures of the Scaphoid—Volar Approach with Distal Radial Autograft
Percutaneous Fixation of Scaphoid Fractures
Excision of the Proximal Fragment
Proximal Row Carpectomy
Arthroscopic Proximal Row Carpectomy
Grafting Operations
Grafting Operations
Grafting Operations
Pronator-Based Graft
Vascularized BONE Grafts—
Vascularized Bone Grafts—
Excision Or Reduction and Fixation of the Hook of the Hamate
Capitate Shortening With Capitate-Hamate Fusion
Radial Decompression for Treatment of Kienböck Disease
Radial Shortening
Distal Radioulnar and Ulnocarpal Joint Injuries
Arthroscopic Debridement of Triangular Fibrocartilage Tears
Arthroscopic Repair of Class 1B Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears from the Ulna
Open Repair of Class 1B Injury
Open Repair of Class 1c Injury
Arthroscopic Repair of Class 1D Injury
Open Repair of Class 1D Injuries
Anatomic Reconstruction of the Distal Radioulnar Ligaments
Reconstruction of the Dorsal Ligament of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex
Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy
Limited Ulnar Head Excision: Hemiresection Interposition Arthroplasty
“Matched” Distal Ulnar Resection
“Wafer” Distal Ulnar Resection
Combined Arthroscopic “Wafer” Distal Ulnar Resection and Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Debridement
Distal Radioulnar Arthrodesis With Distal Ulnar Pseudarthrosis (Baldwin; Sauvé-Kapandji; Lauenstein)
Tenodesis of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris and Transfer of the Pronator Quadratus
Combination Tenodesis of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Interposition for Failed Ulna Resection
Arthrodesis of the Wrist
Compression Plate Technique
Arthrodesis of the Wrist
Carpal Ligament Injuries and Instability Patterns
Ligament Repair
Ligament Reconstruction
Ligament Reconstruction
Ligament Reconstruction
Dorsal Capsulodesis
Scaphotrapezial-Trapezoid Fusion
Scaphocapitate Arthrodesis
Scaphocapitolunate Arthrodesis
Lunotriquetral Arthrodesis
Osteoarthritis of the Wrist
Chapter 70. Special Hand Disorders
Aneurysm, Thrombosis, and Embolism in Radial, Ulnar, and Digital Arteries
Thermal Burns
Escharotomy
Tangential Excision
Full-Thickness Excision
Electrical Burns
Radiation Burns
Chemical Burns
Frostbite
Injection Injuries
Shotgun Injuries
Wringer Injuries
Extravasation Injuries
Focal Dystonia of the Hand
Psychoflexed and Psychoextended Hands (Dysfunctional Postures)
Factitious Hand Syndromes
Chapter 71. Paralytic Hand
Principles of Tendon Transfer
Restoration of Pinch
Transfer of the Sublimis Tendon
Transfer of the Sublimis Tendon
Transfer of the Extensor Indicis Proprius
Transfer of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Combined with the Sublimis Tendon
Transfer of the Palmaris Longus Tendon to Enhance Opposition of the Thumb
Muscle Transfer (Abductor Digiti Quinti) to Restore Opposition
Transfer of the Brachioradialis or Radial Wrist Extensor to Restore Thumb Adduction
Transfer of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Tendon to Restore Thumb Adduction
Royle-Thompson Transfer (Modified)
Transfer of the Extensor Indicis Proprius Tendon
Transfer of a Slip of the Abductor Pollicis Longus Tendon
Restoration of Intrinsic Function of the Fingers
Transfer of the Flexor Digitorum Sublimis of the Ring Finger
Transfer of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus or Brevis Tendon
Transfer of the Extensor Indicis Proprius and Extensor Digiti Quinti Proprius
Capsulodesis
Tenodesis
Peripheral Nerve Palsies
Transfer of Pronator Teres to Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, Flexor Carpi Radialis to Extensor Digitorum Communis, and Palmaris Longus to Extensor Pollicis Longus
Transfer of Pronator Teres to Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, Flexor Carpi Radialis to Extensor Pollicis Brevis and Abductor Pollicis Longus, Flexor Digitorum Sublimis Middle to Extensor Digitorum Communis, and Flexor Digitorum Sublimis Ring to Extensor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Indicis Proprius
Severe Paralysis From Damage to the Cervical Spinal Cord or Other Causes
Distal Biceps-to-Triceps Transfer
Posterior Deltoid-to-Triceps Transfer
Transfer of the Brachioradialis to the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Moberg Key Grip Tenodesis
Two-Stage Reconstruction to Restore Digital Flexion and Key Pinch
Zancolli Reconstruction
Chapter 72. Cerebral Palsy of the Hand
Patient Evaluation
Nonoperative Management
Operative Management
Transfer of the Pronator Teres
Brachioradialis Rerouting
Fractional Lengthening of the Flexor Carpi Radialis Muscle and Finger Flexors
Release of the Flexor-Pronator Origin
Extensive Release of the Flexor Pronator Origin
Transfer of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Wrist Arthrodesis
Carpectomy
Myotomy
Release of Contractures, Augmentation of Weak Muscles, and Skeletal Stabilization
Flexor Pollicis Longus Abductorplasty
Redirection of Extensor Pollicis Longus
Sublimis Tenodesis of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint
Intrinsic Lengthening
Lateral Band Translocation
Chapter 73. Arthritic Hand
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Psoriatic Arthritis
Reiter Syndrome
Gout
Scleroderma (Progressive Systemic Sclerosis)
Nonoperative Treatment of Synovitis and Tenosynovitis
Rheumatoid Nodules
Staging of Operations
Finger Deformities Caused by Rheumatoid Arthritis
Correction of Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Hyperextension Deformity
Lateral Band Mobilization and Skin Release
Correction of Mild Boutonniere Deformity by Extensor Tenotomy
Correction of Moderate Boutonniere Deformity
Correction of Severe Boutonniere Deformity
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Volar Plate Interposition Arthroplasty
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty Through a Dorsal Approach
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty Through an Anterior (VOLAR) Approach
Extensor Tendon Realignment and Intrinsic Rebalancing
Metacarpophalangeal Joint Arthroplasty
Metacarpal Joint Surface Arthroplasty
Synovectomy
Flexor Tendon Sheath Synovectomy
Metacarpophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
Deformities of the Thumb
Thumb Interphalangeal Joint Synovectomy
Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint Synovectomy
Thumb Trapeziometacarpal Joint Synovectomy
Interphalangeal Soft-Tissue Reconstruction
Metacarpophalangeal Synovectomy with Extensor Tendon Reconstruction
Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint Reconstruction for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Metacarpophalangeal Arthroplasty
Trapeziometacarpal Ligament Reconstruction
Distraction Arthroplasty
Tendon Interposition Arthroplasty with Ligament Reconstruction
Arthroscopic Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthroplasty
Interphalangeal Arthrodesis of the Thumb
Metacarpophalangeal Arthrodesis of the Thumb
Tension Band Arthrodesis of the Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint
Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis with Intramedullary Screw Fixation
Trapeziometacarpal Arthrodesis
Trapeziometacarpal Arthrodesis
Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthrodesis with Kirschner Wire or Blade-Plate Fixation
Rheumatoid Deformities of the Wrist
Dorsal Synovectomy
Volar Synovectomy
Arthrodesis of the Wrist
Chapter 74. Compartment Syndromes and Volkmann Contracture
Definition and History
Anatomy
Etiology
Diagnosis
Measuring Compartment Pressures in the Forearm and Hand Using a Handheld Monitoring Device
Management
Forearm Fasciotomy and Arterial Exploration
Hand Fasciotomies
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Forearm
Mini-Open Forearm Fasciotomy
Excision of Necrotic Muscles Combined With Neurolysis of Median and Ulnar Nerves for Severe Contracture
Two-Staged Free Gracilis Transfer
Release of Established Intrinsic Muscle Contractures of the Hand
Release of Severe Intrinsic Contractures With Muscle Fibrosis
Chapter 75. Dupuytren Contracture
Pathogenesis
Prognosis
Nonoperative Treatment
Collagenase Injections
Operative Treatment
Subcutaneous Fasciotomy
Partial (Selective) Fasciectomy
Chapter 76. Stenosing Tenosynovitis of the Wrist and Hand
Stenosing Tenosynovitis
Surgical Treatment of de Quervain Disease
Surgical Release of Trigger Finger
Percutaneous Release of Trigger Finger
Chapter 77. Compressive Neuropathies of the Hand, Forearm, and Elbow
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
“Mini-Palm” Open Carpal Tunnel Release
Extended Open Carpal Tunnel Release
Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release Through a Single Incision
Two-Portal Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release
Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome and Tardy Ulnar Nerve Palsy
In Situ Decompression of the Ulnar Nerve
Endoscopic Decompression of the Ulnar Nerve
Endoscopic Cubital Tunnel Release
Medial Epicondylectomy
Transposition of the Ulnar Nerve
Pronator Syndrome and Anterior Interosseous Syndrome
Approach to The Median Nerve
Radial Tunnel Syndrome
Approach to the Radial Nerve
Chapter 78. Tumors and Tumorous Conditions of the Hand
Classification
Diagnosis
Treatment
Benign Tumors (Table 78.4)
Malignant Tumors
Tumorous Conditions
Excision of a Dorsal Wrist Ganglion
Excision of a Volar Wrist Ganglion
Arthroscopic Resection Of A Dorsal Wrist Ganglion
Chapter 79. Hand Infections
Factors Influencing Hand Infections
General Approach to Hand Infections
Incision and Drainage of Hand Infection
Paronychia
Eponychial Marsupialization
Felon
Incision and Drainage of Felons
Subfascial Space Infections
Incision and Drainage of Deep Fascial Space Infection
Tenosynovitis
Postoperative Closed Irrigation
Open Drainage
Infections of Radial and Ulnar Bursae
Incision and Drainage of Radial and Ulnar Bursae
Septic Arthritis
Open Drainage Of Septic Finger Joints
Osteomyelitis
Human Bite Injuries
Animal Bite Injuries
Miscellaneous and Unusual Infections
Chapter 80. Congenital Anomalies of the Hand
Principles of Management
Incidence and Classification
Embryology
Malformations Upper Extremity
Metacarpal Lengthening
Centralization of the Hand Using Transverse Ulnar Incisions
Centralization of the Hand With Removal of the Distal Radial Anlage
Centralization of the Hand and Tendon Transfers
Centralization With Transfer of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Centralization of the Hand
Triceps Transfer to Restore Elbow Flexion
Rotational Osteotomy of the First Metacarpal
Excision of an Ulnar Anlage
Creation of a One-Bone Forearm
Resection of a Dyschondrosteosis Lesion
Closing Wedge Osteotomy Combined With Darrach Excision of the Distal Ulnar Head
Dome Osteotomy and Excision of Vickers Ligament
Malformations of Hand Plate
Metacarpal Lengthening
Lengthening With Distraction Stage I
Lengthening With Distraction Stage II
Callotasis Metacarpal Lengthening
Toe-Phalanx Transplantation
Toe-Phalanx Transplantation
Simple Z-Plasty of the Thumb Web
Four-Flap Z-Plasty
Web Deepening With a Sliding Flap
Opponensplasty
Ring Sublimis Opponensplasty
Ring Sublimis Opponensplasty With Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction
Abductor Digiti Quinti Opponensplasty
Rerouting of the Flexor Pollicis Longus
Recession of the Index Finger
Riordan Pollicization
Buck-Gramcko Pollicization
Foucher Pollicization
Correction of Types I And II Bifid Thumbs
Correction of Types III Through VI Bifid Thumbs
Reduction Osteotomy
Excision of the Proximal Ulna
Reconstruction of the Hand and Wrist
Excision of Extra Digit
Malformations Unspecified
Open Finger Syndactyly Release
Syndactyly Release With Dorsal Flap
Syndactyly Release With Matching Volar and Dorsal Proximally Based V-Shaped Flaps
Tendon Release
Transfer of the Flexor Superficialis Tendon to the Extensor Apparatus
Group 2 Clasped Thumb Deformity
Group 3 Clasped Thumb Deformity
Reverse Wedge Osteotomy
Opening Wedge Osteotomy of the Terminal Phalanx
Cleft Closure
Simple Closure of Type I and II Cleft Hands
Combined Cleft Closure and Release of Thumb Adduction Contracture
Cleft Closure and Release of Thumb Adduction Contracture
Palmar Cleft Closure
Deepening of Web and Metacarpal Osteotomy
Tendon Transfer for Type II Deformities
Reconstruction of the Hand in Apert Syndrome
Deformations
Multiple Z-Plasty Release of a Congenital Ring
Release of a Congenital Trigger Thumb
Release of a Trigger Finger
Dysplasias
Debulking
Epiphysiodesis
Digital Shortening
Thumb Shortening
Part XIX. The Foot and Ankle
Chapter 81. Surgical Techniques
Preoperative Preparation
Application of A Tourniquet
Perioperative Medical Management
Perioperative Pain Management
Forefoot Block
Ankle Block
Popliteal Sciatic Nerve Block (Prone)
Lateral Popliteal Nerve Block
Chapter 82. Disorders of the Hallux
Hallux Valgus (Bunion)
Modified Mcbride Bunionectomy
Distal Chevron Metatarsal Osteotomy
Modified Chevron Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy
Johnson Modified Chevron Osteotomy
Increased Displacement, Distal Chevron Osteotomy
Chevron-Akin Double Osteotomy
Chevron Bunionectomy
Minimally Invasive Chevron-Akin Osteotomy
Proximal Crescentic Osteotomy With A Distal Soft-Tissue Procedure
Scarf Osteotomy
Ludloff Osteotomy
Proximal Opening Wedge Osteotomy and Distal Chevron Osteotomy
Medial Cuneiform Osteotomy
Akin Procedure
Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint With Small Plate Fixation
Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint With Low-Profile Contoured Dorsal Plate and Compression Screw Fixation
Truncated Cone Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsocuneiform Articulation (Lapidus Procedure)
Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsocuneiform Articulation (Lapidus Procedure) with Plate Fixation
Double First Metatarsal Osteotomies
Modified Peterson Procedure
First Cuneiform Osteotomy
First Web Space Dissection, Lateral Release, and Repeat Capsular Imbrication (Hallux Valgus Angle Less than 30 Degrees and First-Second Intermetatarsal Angle Less than 15 Degrees)
Correcting Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy
Correction of Malunion of the Chevron Osteotomy
Distraction Osteogenesis for Metatarsal Shortening
Correction of Uniplanar (Static) Hallux Varus Deformity
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy, Medial Capsular Release Without Tendon Transfer
Transfer of Extensor Hallucis Longus with Arthrodesis of the Interphalangeal Joint of the Hallux
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Tenodesis
Hallux Rigidus
Cheilectomy
Distal Oblique Osteotomy for Hallux Rigidus
“V” Resection of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint (Valenti Procedure)
Excision of the Sesamoid
Fibular Sesamoidectomy: Plantar Approach
Arthritis of the Interphalangeal Joint
Chapter 83. Disorders of Tendons and Fascia and Adolescent and Adult Pes Planus
Disorders of the Posterior Tibial Tendon
Synovectomy with Repair of Incomplete Tears
Transfer of Flexor Digitorum Longus or Flexor Hallucis Longus to Tarsal Navicular
Repair of Spring Ligament
Reconstruction of the Spring Ligament Using the Peroneus Longus
Anterior Calcaneal Osteotomy (Lateral Column Lengthening)
Step-Cut Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy (Z Osteotomy)
Medial Calcaneal Displacement Osteotomy
Opening Wedge Medial Cuneiform (Cotton) Osteotomy
Isolated Medial Column Arthrodesis
Minimally Invasive Deltoid Ligament Reconstruction
Lateral Column Lengthening and Excision of Accessory Navicular
Accessory Navicular Fusion
Calcaneonavicular Bar Resection
Resection of a Middle Facet Tarsal Coalition
Disorders of the Achilles Tendon
Calcaneal Osteotomy for Haglund Deformity
Debridement of the Tendon for Insertional Achilles Tendon Disease
Flexor Hallucis Longus Transfer for Chronic Noninsertional Achilles Tendinosis
Disorders of the Anterior Tibial Tendon
Synovectomy of the Anterior Tibial Tendon
Debridement and Repair of the Distal Anterior Tibial Tendon
Repair of Complete Rupture of the Anterior Tibial Tendon
Minimally Invasive Tendon Reconstruction with Semitendinosus Autograft
Disorders of the Peroneal Tendons
Synovectomy of the Peroneal Tendons
Fibular Groove Deepening and Repair of the Superior Retinaculum
Repair of Rupture of the Peroneal Tendons
Peroneal Tendon Repair-Reconstruction
Debridement of the Peroneus Longus Tendon, Removal of OS Peroneum, and Tenodesis of Peroneus Longus Tendon to Peroneus Brevis Tendon
Injuries of the Flexor Tendons
Release of the Fibroosseous Tunnel
Repair of Flexor Hallucis Tear
Painful Heel
Plantar Fascia and Nerve Release
Two-Portal Endoscopic Plantar Fascia Release
Single-Portal Endoscopic Plantar Fascia Release
Chapter 84. Lesser Toe Abnormalities
Metatarsophalangeal Joint Instability
Primary Plantar Plate Repair Through a Dorsal Approach
Primary Plantar Plate Repair Through a Dorsal Approach
Percutaneous Distal Lesser Toe Osteotomy for Grade 0-I Metatarsophalangeal Joint Instability
Axial Plane Deformity of the Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Modified Weil Osteotomy
Correction of Multiplanar Deformity of the Second Toe With Metatarsophalangeal Release and Extensor Brevis Reconstruction
Flexor-to-Extensor Transfer
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Transfer for Crossover Toe Deformity
Closing Wedge Osteotomy of the Proximal Phalanx for Correction of Axial Deformity
Hammer Toe and Claw Toe
Correction of Moderate Hammer Toe or Claw Toe Deformity
Correction of Severe Deformity
Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthroplasty
Shortening Metatarsal (Weil) Osteotomy
Mallet Toe
Resection Dermodesis
Terminal Syme Procedure
Combined Hammer Toe and Mallet Toe Deformity With Associated Double Corns
Complications and Revision Surgery of Hammer Toe Deformities
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis With an Absorbable Intramedullary Pin
Corns (Helomata and Clavi)
Hard Corn Treatment
Partial Syndactylization for Intractable Interdigital Corn
Arthroplasty of the Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Dorsal Closing Wedge Osteotomy of the Metatarsals for Intractable Plantar Keratosis
Bunionette (Tailor’s Bunion)
Partial Resection of the Lateral Condyle of the Fifth Metatarsal Head
Resection of the Fifth Metatarsal Head for Bunionette Deformity
Subcapital Oblique Osteotomy for Bunionette Deformity
Transverse Medial Slide Osteotomy for Bunionette Deformity
Oblique Diaphyseal Osteotomy of the Fifth Metatarsal for Severe Splay Foot or Metatarsus Quintus Valgus
Chevron Osteotomy of the Fifth Metatarsal for Bunionette Deformity
Minimally Invasive Kramer Osteotomy for Bunionette Deformity
Minimally Invasive Distal Metatarsal Metaphyseal Osteotomy for Fifth Toe Bunionette Correction
Freiberg Infraction
Dorsal Closing Wedge Osteotomy For Freiberg Disease
Joint Debridement and Metatarsal Head Remodeling for Freiberg Disease
Brachymetatarsia
Distraction Osteogenesis for Lengthening of the Metatarsal in Brachymetatarsia
One-Stage Metatarsal Interposition Lengthening With Autologous Fibular Graft With Locking Plate Fixation
Metatarsal Lengthening by Circular External Fixation
Chapter 85. Arthritis of the Foot
Inflammatory and Degenerative Arthritis
Forefoot
Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint With Resection of the Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joints
Cone Arthrodesis Of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Resection of the Lesser Metatarsal Heads Through a Plantar Approach With Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Correction of Flexion Deformities of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joints
Midfoot
Midfoot Arthrodesis
Hindfoot
Subtalar Arthrodesis
Arthroscopic Subtalar Arthrodesis
Talonavicular Joint Arthrodesis
Triple Arthrodesis
Isolated Medial Incision for Double and Triple Arthrodesis
Chapter 86. Diabetic Foot
Diabetic Foot
Total Contact Cast Application
Charcot Arthropathy
Midfoot Reconstruction With Intramedullary Beaming
Chapter 87. Neurogenic Disorders
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Tarsal Tunnel Release
Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome (Deep Peroneal Nerve Entrapment)
Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Release
First Branch of Lateral Plantar Nerve Entrapment
First Branch of Lateral Plantar Nerve Release and Partial Plantar Fascia Release
Medial Plantar Nerve Entrapment
Sural Nerve Entrapment
Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment
Interdigital Neuroma
Interdigital Neuroma Excision (Dorsal)
Interdigital Neuroma Excision (Longitudinal Plantar Incision)
Cavus Foot
Plantar Fascia Release
Tendon Suspension of the First Metatarsal and Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
Extensor Tendon Transfer
Combined Proximal First Metatarsal Osteotomy, Plantar Fasciotomy, and Transfer of the Anterior Tibial Tendon
Crescentic Calcaneal Osteotomy
Triplanar Osteotomy and Lateral Ligament Reconstruction
Plantar Fasciotomies and Closing Wedge Osteotomies
Anterior Tarsal Wedge Osteotomy
V-Osteotomy of the Tarsus
Tarsometatarsal Truncated-Wedge Arthrodesis
Triple Arthrodesis
Triple Arthrodesis
Correction of Clawing of the Great and Lesser Toes
Chapter 88. Disorders of Nails
Anatomy
Trauma
Dystrophic Nails (Onychogryposis, Onychomycosis)
Other Lesions of the Nails
Technique for Subungual Exostosis
Technique for Subungual Exostosis
Technique for Subungual and Periungual Fibromas
Technique for Glomus Tumor
Ingrown Toenail (Onychocryptosis, Unguis Incarnatus)
Total Nail Plate Removal
Partial Nail Plate Removal
Removal of the Nail Edge and Ablation of the Nail Matrix
Partial Nail Plate and Matrix Removal
Nail-Fold Reduction
Partial Nail Fold and Nail Matrix Removal
Long-Term Follow-Up
Complete Nail Plate and Germinal Matrix Removal
Terminal Syme Procedure
Chapter 89. Fractures and Dislocations of the Foot
Fractures of the Calcaneus
Open Reduction of Calcaneal Fracture
Subtalar Arthrodesis
Open Reduction of Calcaneal Fracture: Sinus Tarsi Approach With or Without Medial Approach
Axial Fixation of Calcaneal Fracture
Percutaneous Reduction and Fixation of Calcaneal Fracture
Lateral Decompression of a Malunited Calcaneal Fracture
Subtalar Distraction Bone Block Arthrodesis
Fractures of the Talus
Open Reduction of the Talar Neck
Onlay Graft Technique Through a Posterior Approach
Tibiocalcaneal Arthrodesis
Tibiotalar Arthrodesis
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Fractures of the Lateral Process of the Talus
Subtalar Dislocations
Open Reduction of Subtalar Dislocation
Midfoot Fractures and Dislocations
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) Fractures
Metatarsals
Internal Fixation With an Intramedullary Screw
Open Reduction and Plating of Lesser Metatarsal Stress Fracture
Phalangeal Dislocations
Open Reduction of Dislocation of the Interphalangeal Joints of the Hallux
Open Reduction of First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Dislocation Using a Midline Medial Approach
Plantar Plate Repair (Anderson)
Phalangeal Fractures
Sesamoid Fractures
Sesamoidectomy
Bone Grafting of Sesamoid Nonunion
Chapter 90. Sports Injuries of the Ankle
Acute Ligamentous Injuries
Repair of Acute Rupture of Ligaments of Distal Tibiofibular Joint
Repair of Acute Rupture of Lateral Ligaments
Lateral Repair of Chronic Instability (Watson-Jones, Modified)
Lateral Repair of Chronic Instability (Evans)
Lateral Repair of Chronic Instability (Chrisman-Snook)
Peroneal Tendon Subluxation and Dislocation
Internal Derangements
Medial Malleolar Osteotomy
Posteromedial Arthrotomy Through Anteromedial Approach
Approach to Posteromedial Ankle Through Posterior Tibial Tendon Sheath
Osteochondral Autograft/Allograft Transplantation
Index

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