
Biotechnology of Microbial Enzymes
Production, Biocatalysis, and Industrial Applications
- 2nd Edition - January 20, 2023
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editor: Goutam Brahmachari
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 9 0 5 9 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 9 0 6 0 - 5
Biotechnology of Microbial Enzymes: Production, Biocatalysis, and Industrial Applications, Second Edition provides a complete survey of the latest innovations on microbial… Read more

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Request a sales quoteBiotechnology of Microbial Enzymes: Production, Biocatalysis, and Industrial Applications, Second Edition provides a complete survey of the latest innovations on microbial enzymes, highlighting biotechnological advances in their production and purification along with information on successful applications as biocatalysts in several chemical and industrial processes under mild and green conditions.
The application of recombinant DNA technology within industrial fermentation and the production of enzymes over the last three decades have produced a host of useful chemical and biochemical substances. The power of these technologies results in novel transformations, better enzymes, a wide variety of applications, and the unprecedented development of biocatalysts through the ongoing integration of molecular biology methodology, all of which is covered insightfully and in-depth within the book.
This fully revised, second edition is updated to address the latest research developments and applications in the field, from microbial enzymes recently applied in drug discovery to penicillin biosynthetic enzymes and penicillin acylase, xylose reductase, and microbial enzymes used in antitubercular drug design. Across the chapters, the use of microbial enzymes in sustainable development and production processes is fully considered, with recent successes and ongoing challenges highlighted.
- Explores advances in microbial enzymes from basic science through application in multiple industry sectors
- Includes up-to-date discussions of metabolic pathway engineering, metagenomic screening, microbial genomes, extremophiles, rational design, directed evolution, and more
- Provides a holistic approach to the research of microbial enzymes and their use in sustainable processes and innovation
- Features all new chapters discussing microbial enzyme classes of growing interest, as well as enzymes recently applied in drug discovery and other applications
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- List of contributors
- About the editor
- Preface
- Chapter 1. Biotechnology of microbial enzymes: production, biocatalysis, and industrial applications—an overview
- Abstract
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 An overview of the book
- 1.3 Concluding remarks
- Chapter 2. Useful microbial enzymes—an introduction
- Abstract
- 2.1 The enzymes: a class of useful biomolecules
- 2.2 Microbial enzymes for industry
- 2.3 Improvement of enzymes
- 2.4 Discovery of new enzymes
- 2.5 Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 3. Production, purification, and application of microbial enzymes
- Abstract
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Production of microbial enzymes
- 3.3 Strain improvements
- 3.4 Downstream processing/enzyme purification
- 3.5 Product formulations
- 3.6 Global enzyme market scenarios
- 3.7 Industrial applications of enzymes
- 3.8 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 4. Solid-state fermentation for the production of microbial cellulases
- Abstract
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Solid-state fermentation
- 4.3 Lignocellulosic residues/wastes as solid substrates in solid-state fermentation
- 4.4 Pretreatment of agricultural residues
- 4.5 Environmental factors affecting microbial cellulase production in solid-state fermentation
- 4.6 Strategies to improve production of microbial cellulase
- 4.7 Fermenter (bioreactor) design for cellulase production in solid-state fermentation
- 4.8 Biomass conversions and application of microbial cellulase
- 4.9 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 5. Hyperthermophilic subtilisin-like proteases from Thermococcus kodakarensis
- Abstract
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Two Subtilisin-like proteases from Thermococcus Kodakarensis KOD1
- 5.3 TK-subtilisin
- 5.4 Tk-SP
- 5.5 Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 6. Enzymes from basidiomycetes—peculiar and efficient tools for biotechnology
- Abstract
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Brown- and white-rot fungi
- 6.3 Isolation and laboratory maintenance of wood-rot basidiomycetes
- 6.4 Basidiomycetes as producers of enzymes involved in the degradation of lignocellulose biomass
- 6.5 Production of ligninolytic enzymes by basidiomycetes: screening and production in laboratory scale
- 6.6 General characteristics of the main ligninolytic enzymes with potential biotechnological applications
- 6.7 Industrial and biotechnological applications of ligninolytic enzymes from basidiomycetes
- 6.8 Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 7. Metagenomics and new enzymes for the bioeconomy to 2030
- Abstract
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Metagenomics
- 7.3 Activity-based methods for enzyme search in metagenomes
- 7.4 Computers applied to metagenomic enzyme search
- 7.5 Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 8. Enzymatic biosynthesis of β-lactam antibiotics
- Abstract
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of β-lactam antibiotics
- 8.3 Semisynthetic β-lactam derivatives
- 8.4 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 9. Insights into the molecular mechanisms of β-lactam antibiotic synthesizing and modifying enzymes in fungi
- Abstract
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 ACV synthetase
- 9.3 Isopenicillin N synthase
- 9.4 Acyl-CoA ligases: a wealth of acyl-CoA ligases activate penicillin side-chain precursors
- 9.5 Isopenicillin N acyltransferase (IAT)
- 9.6 Transport of intermediates and penicillin secretion
- 9.7 Production of semisynthetic penicillins by penicillin acylases
- 9.8 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 10. Role of glycosyltransferases in the biosynthesis of antibiotics
- Abstract
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Classification and structural insights of glycosyltransferases
- 10.3 Role of glycosylation in enhancing bioactivity
- 10.4 Engineering biosynthetic pathway of antibiotics by altering glycosyltransferases
- 10.5 Identification of glycosyltransferases and glycosylated molecules using bioinformatics
- 10.6 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 11. Relevance of microbial glucokinases
- Abstract
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Synthesis, biochemical properties, and regulation
- 11.3 Structure
- 11.4 Catalytic mechanism
- 11.5 Production
- 11.6 Potential applications in industrial processes
- 11.7 Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 12. Myctobacterium tuberculosis DapA as a target for antitubercular drug design
- Abstract
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Challenges encountered by the scientific communities
- 12.3 MTB cell wall: a source of drug targets
- 12.4 The diaminopimelate (DAP) pathway (lysine synthesis pathway)
- 12.5 Dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DapA)
- 12.6 Previous experiments targeting MTB Dap pathway enzymes
- 12.7 Significance of inhibitors against MTB Dap pathway enzymes
- 12.8 Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgment
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 13. Lipase-catalyzed organic transformations: a recent update
- Abstract
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Chemoenzymatic applications of lipases in organic transformations: a recent update
- 13.3 Concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 14. Tyrosinase and Oxygenases: Fundamentals and Applications
- Abstract
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 Origin and Sources
- 14.3 Molecular Structure of Tyrosinase and Oxygenase
- 14.4 Mechanism of Catalytic Action
- 14.5 Applications of Tyrosinase and Oxygenase
- 14.6 Concluding Remarks
- Acknowledgement
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 15. Application of microbial enzymes as drugs in human therapy and healthcare
- Abstract
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Manufacture of therapeutic enzymes
- 15.3 Examples of microbial enzymes aimed at human therapy and healthcare
- 15.4 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 16. Microbial enzymes in pharmaceutical industry
- Abstract
- 16.1 Introduction
- 16.2 Cataloging of hydrolases used in pharmaceutical industry
- 16.3 Microbial enzymes in pharmaceutical processes
- 16.4 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 17. Microbial enzymes of use in industry
- Abstract
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 Classification and chemical nature of microbial enzymes
- 17.3 Production of microbial enzymes
- 17.4 Applications of microbial enzymes
- 17.5 Future of microbial enzymes
- 17.6 Concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 18. Microbial enzymes used in food industry
- Abstract
- 18.1 Introduction
- 18.2 Microbial enzymes in food industry
- 18.3 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 19. Carbohydrases: a class of all-pervasive industrial biocatalysts
- Abstract
- 19.1 Introduction
- 19.2 Classification of carbohydrases
- 19.3 Sources
- 19.4 Industrial production of carbohydrase
- 19.5 Industrial applications of carbohydrases
- 19.6 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 20. Role of microbial enzymes in agricultural industry
- Abstract
- 20.1 Introduction
- 20.2 Soil and soil bacteria for agriculture
- 20.3 Microbial enzymes
- 20.4 Microbial enzymes for crop health, soil fertility, and allied agro-industries
- 20.5 Agricultural enzyme market
- 20.6 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 21. Opportunities and challenges for the production of fuels and chemicals: materials and processes for biorefineries
- Abstract
- 21.1 Introduction
- 21.2 Brazilian current production and processing of lignocellulosic sugarcane biomass
- 21.3 Technical and economic prospects of using lipases in biodiesel production
- 21.4 Perspectives on biomass processing for composites and chemicals production
- 21.5 Biogas/biomethane production
- 21.6 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 22. Use of lipases for the production of biofuels
- Abstract
- 22.1 Introduction
- 22.2 Lipases
- 22.3 Feedstocks
- 22.4 Catalytic process
- 22.5 Reactors and industrial processes
- 22.6 Concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 23. Microbial enzymes used in textile industry
- Abstract
- 23.1 Introduction
- 23.2 Isolation and identification of microorganism-producing textile enzymes
- 23.3 Production of textile enzymes by bacteria and fungi
- 23.4 Process aspect optimization for producing microbial textile enzymes
- 23.5 Purification strategies of textile enzymes
- 23.6 Microbial enzymes used in the textile industry
- 23.7 Immobilization of textile enzymes
- 23.8 Genetic engineering of bacteria- and fungi-producing textile enzymes
- 23.9 Manufacturers of some commercial textile enzymes
- 23.10 Textile industry effluents’ treatment
- 23.11 Concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 24. Microbial enzymes in bioremediation
- Abstract
- 24.1 Introduction
- 24.2 Robust microbes/superbugs in bioremediation
- 24.3 Role of microbial enzymes
- 24.4 Remedial applications for industries
- 24.5 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 25. The role of microbes and enzymes for bioelectricity generation: a belief toward global sustainability
- Abstract
- 25.1 Introduction
- 25.2 Bioresources: biorefinery
- 25.3 Hydrolytic enzymes and their applications in various sectors
- 25.4 Bioelectricity and microbial electrochemical system
- 25.5 Limitations and their possible solutions in biorefinery and bioelectricity generation
- 25.6 Prospects
- 25.7 Concluding remarks
- Abbreviations
- References
- Chapter 26. Discovery of untapped nonculturable microbes for exploring novel industrial enzymes based on advanced next-generation metagenomic approach
- Abstract
- 26.1 Introduction
- 26.2 Need for nonculturable microbe study
- 26.3 Problems associated with nonculturable microbial studies
- 26.4 Culture-independent molecular-based methods
- 26.5 Different approaches for metagenomic analysis of unculturable microbes
- 26.6 Next-generation sequencing and metagenomics
- 26.7 Application of unculturable microbes and significance of next-generation metagenomic approaches
- 26.8 Concluding remarks
- Conflict of interest
- Abbreviations
- References
- Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: January 20, 2023
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 838
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780443190599
- eBook ISBN: 9780443190605
GB
Goutam Brahmachari
Born on April 14, 1969 in Barala, a village in the district of Murshidabad (West Bengal, India), Goutam Brahmachari had his early education in his native place. He received his high school degree in scientific studies in 1986 at Barala R. D. Sen High School under the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education (WBCHSE). Then, he moved to Visva-Bharati (a Central University founded by Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan, West Bengal, India) to study chemistry at the undergraduate level. After graduating from this university in 1990, he completed his master’s in 1992, specializing in organic chemistry. After receiving his Ph.D. 1997 in chemistry from the same university, he joined his alma mater the next year and has been a full professor of chemistry since 2011. The research interests of Prof. Brahmachari’s group include synthetic organic chemistry, green chemistry, natural products chemistry, and the medicinal chemistry of natural and natural product-inspired synthetic molecules. With more than 25 years of experience in teaching and research, he has produced over 260 scientific publications, including original research papers, review articles, books, and invited book chapters in the field of natural products and green chemistry. He has already authored/edited 27 books published by internationally reputed major publishing houses, namely, Elsevier Science (The Netherlands), Academic Press (Oxford), Wiley-VCH (Germany), Alpha Science International (Oxford), De Gruyter (Germany), World Scientific (Singapore), CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group, USA), Royal Society of Chemistry (Cambridge), etc. Prof. Brahmachari serves several scientific bodies in India and abroad, and also many international journals as an editorial member. He has also been serving as co-editor-in-chief for Current Green Chemistry. Prof. Brahmachari is the founder series editor of the Elsevier Book Series ‘Natural Product Drug Discovery’. Prof. Brahmachari is an elected fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry and a recipient of the CRSI (Chemical Research Society of India) Bronze Medal-2021 (for his contribution to research in chemistry), Dr Basudev Banerjee Memorial Award-2021 (for his contribution to the field of chemical sciences) from the Indian Chemical Society, INSA (Indian National Science Academy) Teachers Award-2019, Dr Kalam Best Teaching Faculty Award-2017, and Academic Brilliance Award, 2015 (Excellence in Research). Prof. Brahmachari was featured in the World Ranking of the Top 2% Scientists (Organic Chemistry Category) in 2020-23, the AD Scientific World Ranking of Scientists in 2022-2024, and as the Scholar GPS Highly Ranked Scholar-2024 (Lifetime, securing a position in the top 0.05% of all scholars worldwide).