Biotechnology and its Applications

Using Cells to Change the World

2nd Edition - February 9, 2021
Imprint: Academic Press
Author: W.T. Godbey
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 7 7 2 6 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 7 7 2 7 - 3

Biotechnology and its Applications: Using Cells to Change the World, Second Edition introduces students to the world of biotechnology in a way that runs deeper than a mere surv… Read more

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Biotechnology and its Applications: Using Cells to Change the World, Second Edition introduces students to the world of biotechnology in a way that runs deeper than a mere survey. Sections cover basic science, introduce cells, explain how they behave, what they are made of, demonstrate the biotechnological application of scientific principles in the laboratory, and present biotechnologies “in the real world.” Examples include recombinant proteins available to millions of patients, plants that have been engineered to produce food for people around the world, and regenerative medicine that may someday allow patients to receive organs that have been grown from their own cells.

The updated edition has been expanded with the most current information available, with new chapters on gene editing, bioremediation, vaccines and immunotherapy, and processing and manufacturing, thus resulting in a modern, robust, yet highly readable applications-oriented introduction to biotechnology.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface
UNIT I. The cell
Chapter 1. An introduction to biotechnology
1.1. An agreement with the student
1.2. Misconceptions about biotechnology
1.3. Biotechnology is broad and still expanding
Chapter 2. Voyage into the cell
2.1. Membranes
2.2. Cellular transport
2.3. Summary
Chapter 3. Proteins
3.1. Amino acids
3.2. Protein structure
3.3. The hydrophobic effect
3.4. A return to membranes
3.5. Summary
Chapter 4. Genes: the blueprints for proteins
4.1. Nucleotides and nucleic acids
4.2. From genes to proteins
4.3. Summary
Chapter 5. Cell growth
5.1. The eukaryotic cell cycle
5.2. Growth curves and their phases
5.3. Mathematics of the growth curve
5.4. Counting cell numbers
5.5. Counting cell mass
5.6. Scale-up
5.7. Summary
UNIT II. Biotechnology in the laboratory
Chapter 6. Microbial killing
6.1. The Gram stain
6.2. Microbial resistance to killing
6.3. Sterilization, disinfection, and sanitization
6.4. Microbial cell death
6.5. Summary
Chapter 7. Cell culture and the eukaryotic cells used in biotechnology
7.1. Adherent cells versus nonadherent cells
7.2. Primary cells, cancer cells, cell lines
7.3. Care and feeding
7.4. Summary
Chapter 8. Fluorescence
8.1. Stokes’s experiments
8.2. Fluorophore properties
8.3. Fluorescence detection
8.4. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer
8.5. Summary
Chapter 9. Agarose gels
9.1. Technical considerations
9.2. Application of agarose gels: gel shift
9.3. Application of agarose gels: DNA footprinting
9.4. Application of agarose gels: restriction analysis
9.5. Summary
Chapter 10. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
10.1. Melt
10.2. Anneal
10.3. Extend
10.4. PCR loops
10.5. An application of traditional PCR
10.6. Traditional versus real-time PCR
10.7. Real-time PCR
10.8. Summary
Chapter 11. Genetic engineering
11.1. Plasmid architecture
11.2. Molecular cloning
11.3. A single plasmid is not enough
11.4. Spectrophotometry
11.5. Summary
UNIT III. Biotechnology in the real world
Chapter 12. Gene delivery
12.1. Gene delivery vehicles: an overview
12.2. Viral delivery methods
12.3. Physical delivery methods
12.4. Chemical delivery methods
12.5. Preparation of nonviral gene delivery complexes
12.6. What is gene therapy, anyway?
12.7. Summary
Chapter 13. RNAi
13.1. Co-suppression
13.2. RNA interference
13.3. miRNA
13.4. Summary
Chapter 14. Genome editing
14.1. Targetable nucleases
14.2. Other genome manipulation tools
14.3. Delivery cargo
14.4. Summary
Chapter 15. DNA fingerprinting
15.1. Older DNA fingerprinting uses RFLPs
15.2. Newer DNA fingerprinting uses STRs
15.3. Summary
Chapter 16. Fermentation, beer, and biofuels
16.1. Glycolysis
16.2. Fermentation
16.3. The production of beer
16.4. Fermentation to produce biofuels
16.5. Summary
Chapter 17. Stem cells, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine
17.1. Stem cells
17.2. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
17.3. Summary
Chapter 18. Transgenics and genetically modified organisms in agriculture
18.1. Ice-minus bacteria
18.2. Bt plants
18.3. Herbicide resistance
18.4. Tomatoes
18.5. Rice
18.6. Terminators and traitors
18.7. Summary
Chapter 19. Patents and licenses
19.1. Types of patents
19.2. Licenses
19.3. After a license is granted
19.4. Summary
Questions
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health