Biomechanics of the Aorta
Modeling for Patient Care
- 1st Edition - June 18, 2024
- Editors: T. Christian Gasser, Stéphane Avril, John A. Elefteriades
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 4 8 4 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 4 8 5 - 3
As biomechanics is fundamental to understanding the normal and pathological functions of the aorta, Biomechanics of the Aorta presents a holistic analysis of aortic physiolog… Read more
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Request a sales quoteAs biomechanics is fundamental to understanding the normal and pathological functions of the aorta, Biomechanics of the Aorta presents a holistic analysis of aortic physiology, clinical imaging, tissue and blood flow modeling. It investigates a wide range of topics from basic sciences (vascular biology, continuum mechanics, image analysis) to essential knowledge for clinical applications, including diagnostics, aortic rupture prediction, as well as surgical planning. Expert chapter authors describe and present computational studies and experimental benches, to mimic, understand and propose the best treatment of aortic pathologies.
Divided into five parts, the book begins with an introduction to the fundamental aspects of the anatomy, biology, and physiopathology of the aorta, and then proceeds to present concepts of imaging and tissue/rheology characterization, tissue modeling and rupture, and flow modeling and algorithms. The final part dives into applications and case studies including transcatheter aortic valve implantation, aortic aneurysm rupture prediction, aortic dissections, and pharmacological treatments.
- Comprehensive coverage of the main computational fluid dynamic studies and biomechanical and mechanobiological models developed over the last decade
- Introduces the most recent imaging technologies to characterize factors, including aortic geometry, mechanical properties of aortic tissues, and cellular activity in the vessel wall
- Synthesizes advances in vascular biomechanics, medical imaging, and computational modeling of finite element fluid and solid models
Graduate students, post-docs, and professionals in biomedical and biomechanical engineering; as well as biomedical and clinical researchers; all who need to: -understand fundamental properties of the aorta, -conduct experimental procedures, -perform animal experiments, -design and test clinical devices, and -develop biomechanical finite element computations of the aorta
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Editors’ biographies
- Preface
- Note of the series editors
- Part 1: Anatomy, biology, physiopathology
- Chapter 1 Physiopathology
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Epidemiology
- 3 Genetics
- 4 Differences between the two aortas: Ascending and descending
- 5 Vulnerability to types of aortic events at different levels of the aorta
- 6 Effectiveness of surgical therapies
- References
- Chapter 2 Genetics of aortic disease
- Abstract
- 1 Basic concepts of genetics and disease
- 2 Genetics and aortic disease
- 3 Strategy for genetic evaluation in patients with aortic aneurysms/dissection
- 4 Genetics for risk prediction
- References
- Chapter 3 Mechanobiology of aortic cells and extracellular matrix
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Cells and extracellular matrix composition of the aortic wall
- 3 Cellular and extracellular matrix mechanobiology
- 4 Summary and future directions
- References
- Chapter 4 Clinical treatment options
- Abstract
- 1 Medical management
- 2 Antiimpulse therapy
- 3 β-blockers
- 4 ARBs
- 5 Other drug classes
- 6 Surgical management
- 7 Criteria for intervention
- 8 Replacement procedures (see reference (Elefteriades et al., 2022) for more details)
- 9 Ascending aorta and aortic root
- 10 Aortic arch
- 11 Descending and thoracoabdominal aorta
- 12 Endografting
- 13 Conclusion
- References
- Part 2: Imaging and tissue/rheology characterization
- Chapter 5 Novel experimental methods to characterize the mechanical properties of the aorta
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Conventional experimental methods
- 3 Full-field optical measurements
- 4 Applications of OCT-DVC
- 5 Parameter identification
- 6 Conclusions and future directions
- References
- Chapter 6 Imaging aortic flows in 4D using MRI
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 4D flow MRI acquisition, reconstruction, and preprocessing
- 2 4D flow MRI-derived markers for aortic disease
- 3 4D flow MRI for characterization of congenital heart and acquired aortic disease across the lifespan
- 4 Outlook
- References
- Chapter 7 Ultrasound imaging for aortic biomechanics
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Ultrasound imaging—Basics
- 3 Ultrasound imaging—AAA geometry and motion
- 4 Ultrasound functional imaging—Motion tracking and strain imaging
- 5 Ultrasound-based mechanical characterization
- 6 US-based wall stress analysis
- 7 Personalized modeling of AAAs using ultrasound
- 8 Future outlook
- References
- Chapter 8 Functional imaging, focus on [18F]FDG positron emission tomography
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Imaging in aortic diseases
- 2 [18F]FDG PET functional imaging in aortic diseases
- 3 [18F]FDG PET after endovascular surgery
- 4 Limitations [18F]FDG PET
- 5 PET tracers: Alternatives to [18F]FDG
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 9 Image processing: Deep learning for aorta model reconstruction
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 3 Results
- 4 Discussion and conclusions
- References
- Part 3: Tissue modeling and rupture
- Chapter 10 On simulation of the biophysical behavior of the aortic heart valve interstitial cell
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 One- and two-dimensional approaches
- 3 Use of 3D hydrogel environment
- 4 Summary and future directions
- References
- Chapter 11 Abdominal aortic aneurysm and thrombus modeling
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Background
- 2 AAA patho-histology
- 3 AAA biomechanical modeling
- 4 Biomechanical rupture risk estimators
- 5 Validation
- 6 Conclusions and further direction
- References
- Chapter 12 Computational modeling of aneurysm growth in mechanobiology
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background on aTAA mechanobiology needed for establishing the computational model
- 3 Materials and methods
- 4 Results
- 5 Discussion and future directions
- References
- Chapter 13 Analysis of aortic rupture: A computational biomechanics perspective
- Abstract
- Acknowledgment
- 1 Modeling of aortic wall tissue mechanical properties
- 2 Methods for computational assessment of aortic wall rupture risk
- 3 Streamlining rupture risk assessment with machine learning (ML) techniques
- References
- Chapter 14 Multiscale modeling of aortic mechanics: Tissue, network, and protein
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Structure-based constitutive modeling incorporating experimental structural information
- 3 Discrete fiber network model of aortic mechanics
- 4 Nano- and mesoscopic models of elastin and collagen
- 5 Conclusions and future remarks
- References
- Part 4: Flow modeling and algorithm
- Chapter 15 Multiphysics flow modeling in the aorta
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Blood—The liquid
- 3 Nonphysiological aortic blood flow
- 4 Numerical modeling
- 5 Aortic flow measurements using clinical tools
- 6 Summary
- References
- Chapter 16 Novel approaches for the numerical solution of fluid-structure interaction in the aorta
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction and motivations
- 2 The mathematical problem for vascular FSI
- 3 Numerical approaches for vascular FSI
- 4 Numerical approaches for aortic valve FSI
- 5 Critical issues in aortic FSI simulation
- References
- Chapter 17 Turbulence modeling of blood flow
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 General knowledge about turbulence
- 3 Reynolds decomposition and its implication on modeling
- 4 Large eddy simulation
- 5 LES requirements
- 6 Turbulent flow in a phantom relevant to the thoracic circulation
- 7 Computational hemoturbulence: current status and future challenges
- References
- Chapter 18 Inverse problems in aortic flow modeling
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Data assimilation
- 3 Estimation of boundary conditions parameters
- 4 Parameter estimation in fluid-structure interaction models
- References
- Chapter 19 Modeling of flow-induced mechanosignaling
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 What is mechanosignaling?
- 2 Aortic disease
- 3 Experimental background
- 4 Microscale modeling
- 5 Macroscale modeling
- 6 Discussion and future directions
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 20 Reduced-order modeling of cardiovascular hemodynamics
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Physics-based models
- 3 Data-driven models
- 4 Model generation
- References
- Part 5: Applications
- Chapter 21 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction to TAVI/TAVR
- 2 Biomechanical modeling to anticipate complications of TAVR
- 3 Calibrating and validating the computational toolkit for TAVR
- 4 TAVI in patients with bileaflet aortic valves
- 5 Computational tools guiding TAVI: Prospective studies
- 6 Closing remarks
- References
- Chapter 22 Abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture prediction
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Problem definition and background
- 2 The biomechanical rupture risk assessment
- 3 Validation
- 4 Ongoing research
- 5 Conclusion and future perspectives
- References
- Chapter 23 (T)EVAR simulation
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Modeling EVAR
- 3 Application of EVAR models
- 4 Concluding remarks and outlook
- References
- Chapter 24 Fluid-structure interaction in aortic dissections
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Material and methods
- 3 Results
- 4 Discussion and conclusion
- Appendix
- References
- Chapter 25 Pharmacological treatments, mouse models, and the aorta
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Mice as research models
- 3 Mouse models of aortic disease
- 4 Pharmacological treatments: Stiffness
- 5 Pharmacological treatments: Aneurysm
- 6 Brief summary
- 7 Future directions and conclusions
- References
- Index
- No. of pages: 634
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: June 18, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323954846
- eBook ISBN: 9780323954853
TG
T. Christian Gasser
T. Christian Gasser is a professor of biomechanics at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden, and an adjunct professor at the University of Southern Denmark in Odense, Denmark. Professor Gasser is the principal founder of VASCOPS GmbH, Graz, Austria, and ARTEC Vascular Diagnosis AB, Stockholm, Sweden. His scientific interest relates to vascular biomechanical problems,
with particular emphasis on numerical techniques to solve clinically relevant questions. Constitutive models developed by Professor Gasser have been implemented in many major finite element simulation packages, and translational research led to diagnostic software that is used at many clinical centers.
Professor Gasser is among the highest-cited researchers in vascular biomechanics. He has taught numerous courses at undergraduate and graduate levels, served as a supervisor for many engineering and clinical PhD students, is a frequent member of examination and grading committees, and is a reviewer of several science councils as well as the most relevant scientific journals in the field.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, KTH Solid Mechanics, Stockholm, SwedenSA
Stéphane Avril
Stéphane Avril is a distinguished Full Professor at Institut Mines Telecom affiliated at Mines Saint-Etienne in France. Stéphane received his PhD in mechanical and civil engineering in 2002 at Mines Saint-Etienne (France). After positions at Arts et Métiers ParisTech (France) and Loughborough University (UK), Stéphane returned to his alma mater in 2008 and extended his experience of inverse problems to soft tissue biomechanics, especially regarding aortic aneurisms in close collaboration with vascular surgeons. Stéphane was a visiting Professor at Yale University between 2014 and 2019 and is currently a guest professor at TU Vienna and TU Graz in Austria. Stéphane has received many awards and distinctions including an ERC (European Research Council) consolidator grant for the Biolochanics project on: Localization in biomechanics and mechanobiology of aneurysms: Towards personalized medicine. Most of Stéphane’s research is aimed at improving the treatment of cardiovascular diseases by assisting physicians and surgeons with biomechanical numerical simulations. In 2017, Stéphane co-founded Predisurge, a spin-off company of IMT at Mines Saint-Etienne. PrediSurge offers innovative software solutions for patient-specific numerical simulation of surgical procedures with first applications in endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).
Affiliations and expertise
Full Professor, Institut Mines Telecom affiliated, Mines Saint-Etienne, FranceJE
John A. Elefteriades
John A. Elefteriades is the William W.L. Glenn Professor of Surgery at Yale University and the
Emeritus Director of the Aortic Institute at Yale New Haven Hospital. He is a past president of the
Connecticut Chapter of the American College of Cardiology and a member of the national Board
of Governors of the College. Dr. Elefteriades is also the past president of the International College of Angiology. He serves on the editorial board of the American Journal of Cardiology, the Journal of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology, and the Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, and he is the editor-in-chief of the journal AORTA. He has been a member of the Thoracic Surgery Director’s Association and has been named consistently in The Best Doctors in America. He is a frequently requested international lecturer, visiting professor, and guest surgeon. He has received the Walter Bleifeld Memorial Award for Distinguished Contribution in Clinical Research in Cardiology and the John B. Chang Research Achievement Award. In 2005, he was selected to lecture at the Leadership in Biomedicine Series at the Yale University School of Medicine. In 2006, he received the Socrates Award from the Thoracic Residents Association, the Thoracic Surgery Directors’ Association, and the Society
of Thoracic Surgeons, recognizing exceptional achievement in teaching and mentoring residents. In 2017, Dr. Elefteriades was awarded an honorary PhD from the University of Liege (Belgium) in recognition of his work in the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases. In 2020, Dr. Elefteriades was recognized by Expertscape as the top aortic specialist in the world.
Affiliations and expertise
William W.L. Glenn Professor of Surgery; Director, Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut, USARead Biomechanics of the Aorta on ScienceDirect