Biomarkers in Cancer Detection and Monitoring of Therapeutics

Volume 2: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications

1st Edition - November 16, 2023
Editors: Ranbir Chander Sobti, Masatoshi Watanabe, Aastha Sobti
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 1 1 4 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 1 1 5 - 9

Molecular Biomarkers in Cancer Detection and Monitoring of Therapeutics: Volume Two: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications discusses how molecular biomarkers are used to determ… Read more

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Molecular Biomarkers in Cancer Detection and Monitoring of Therapeutics: Volume Two: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications discusses how molecular biomarkers are used to determine predisposition, facilitate detection, improve treatment and offer prevention guidelines for different cancers. It focuses on novel diagnostic techniques based on molecular biomarkers and their impact on treatment, covering different cancer types such as tumors in the nervous system, head and neck, oral and GI tractor, lung, breast, gastric system, leukemia and urogenital tract cancers. For each type, the book discusses the best diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches, thus helping readers easily identify the best solution for each case.

This is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and other members of the biomedical field who are interested in the potential of biomarkers in cancer research.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Chapter One Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Abstract
1 Oral cancer
2 Oral squamous cell carcinoma
3 Epidemiology
4 Etiology
5 Precursor lesions
6 Oral epithelial dysplasia
7 Pathogenesis
8 Cancer stem cells
9 Tumor microenvironment
10 Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
11 Metastasis
12 Oral bacteria in oral carcinogenesis
13 Clinical features
14 Diagnosis
15 Histopathological features
16 Treatment
17 Prognosis
References
Chapter Two Genetic predisposition and pathophysiology of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Oral squamous cell carcinoma and glucose transporters
3 Oral squamous cell carcinoma and methylated genes
References
Chapter Three Molecular biomarkers in gastric cancer
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 RNF43
3 APC
4 ARID1A
5 ARID2
6 MSI
7 MALTA1-GLT1 fusion
8 TP53
9 RB1
10 ERBB2
11 C-MET
12 EGFR
13 PD-L1
14 Epstein–Barr virus
15 VEGF-A
16 CD44
17 E-cadherin
18 Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)
19 Conclusions
References
Chapter Four Recent advancement in molecular markers of pancreatic cancer
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1 Introduction
2 Blood markers
3 DNA and RNA markers
4 Serum markers
5 Serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) CA19-9
6 Glycosylation
7 Mucins
8 Genetic markers
9 Oncogenic KRAS
10 Tumor suppressor genes
11 CDKN2A
12 TP53
13 SMAD4
14 Epigenetic markers
15 DNA methylation changes
16 Micro RNA modification
17 Pancreatic tumor juice markers
18 Proteomics
19 Growth factors and receptors
20 Mitochondrial mutations
21 Telomerase
22 M2-pyruvate kinase
23 Microarray
24 Pancreatic tumor tissue markers
25 Precancerous lesions
26 Cystic fluid
27 Screening and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer
28 Recent imaging strategies
29 Conclusion
References
Chapter Five Molecular biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Metabolic reprograming
3 Biomarkers for diagnosis
4 Prognostic biomarkers
5 Targeted therapy
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter Six Biomarkers in endocrine diseases
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Basic biomarkers
3 Modern biomarkers (including molecular markers)
References
Chapter Seven Cancer immunotherapy-associated endocrine complications and treatment strategies
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Immune checkpoints and its function
3 Immune checkpoint inhibitors
4 Functional mechanism and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors
5 Cancer immunotherapy with ICIs and associated endocrinopathies
6 Screening, management and treatment strategies
7 Conclusion and future directions
References
Chapter Eight Shared and distinct aspects of hematopoietic malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1 Introduction
2 Leukemia
3 Lymphoma
4 Conclusion
References
Chapter Nine Molecular diagnosis, drivers, and treatment modalities for chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Diagnosis/detection of CLL
3 Molecular drivers of CLL
4 Treatment modalities for the CLL disease
5 Intratumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution of CLL
6 Future directions
References
Chapter Ten Myelodysplastic syndrome: A challenging entity
Abstract
1 Pathogenesis
2 Clinical presentation
3 Classification
4 Approach to diagnosis of MDS
References
Chapter Eleven Multiple myeloma
Abstract
1 Etiopathogenesis
2 Clinical features
3 Diagnosis
4 Radiographic evaluation
5 Histology
6 Prognosis
7 Treatment
References
Chapter Twelve Role of biomarkers in assessing response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Predictive biomarkers to assess response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy
3 Summary
References
Further reading
Chapter Thirteen Molecular biomarkers in prostate cancer
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Molecular biomarkers used for diagnosis (Table 1)
3 Molecular biomarkers used for treatment (Table 2)
4 Future prospects
5 Conclusion
References
Chapter Fourteen Biomarkers in endometrial and cervical cancer
Abstract
1 Endometrial cancer
2 Biomarkers in EC
3 Cervical cancer
References
Chapter Fifteen Skin cancer biology and its biomarkers: Recent trends and prospective
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Etiopathogenesis of skin cancer
3 Biomarkers of skin cancer
4 Biomarkers for melanoma skin cancer
5 Biomarkers for nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs)
6 Conclusion
References
Chapter Sixteen Genetics of neuronal and glioneuronal cancers
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Brain development
3 Tumors of the central nervous system
4 Conclusion
References
Chapter Seventeen Therapeutic potential of melatonin in glioblastoma: Current knowledge and future prospects
Abstract
Conflict of interest
1 Introduction
2 Melatonin's structure, physiology, and functions
3 Tumor growth suppression and melatonin
4 Conclusion
References
Chapter Eighteen Genotype influenced pharmacokinetics of anticancer medicine: A connecting link
Abstract
Conflict of interest
1 Introduction
2 Cancer types and linked genetic mutations
3 Influence of enzymes on the pharmacokinetics of drugs
4 Drug transporters
5 Cancer derived immunoglobulins vs B-cell derived immunoglobulins
6 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter Nineteen Emergence of metal-based anticancer therapeutics: A promising perspective
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1 Introduction
2 Platinum-based drugs from past to present
3 Mechanism of action of platinum drugs
4 Toxicity and related side effects of platinum drugs
5 Ruthenium anticancer compounds
6 Gold anticancer compounds
7 Fluorescent metal-based complexes: Bioimaging tool
8 Metal-based nanoparticles in cancer therapy
9 Conclusions and future directions
References
Chapter Twenty Nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer therapy
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Limitation of chemotherapy
3 Nanoparticle in cancer research
4 Mechanism of activities of nanoparticle
5 Advantages of nanoparticles in cancer therapy
References
Chapter Twenty-One Near-infrared (NIR) responsive nanomaterial–liposome nanohybrids for cancer photothermal therapy
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Strategically design and surface modification of hybrid nanostructures using liposomes
3 Different kind of nanomaterial–liposome nanohybrids (NLHs)
4 Application of NLHs
5 Future perspective and challenges
References
Chapter Twenty-Two Anticancer activities of macromolecules of marine origin: Clinical evidence
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Conflict of interest
1 Introduction
2 Anticancer agents—Current scenario
3 Clinical trials with fucoidans
4 Conclusion
References
Chapter Twenty-Three Therapeutic potential of microalgae and their prospects in targeted delivery in cancer management
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1 Introduction
2 Sources and distribution of microalgae
3 Molecular pathways of microalgae in cancer management
4 Nanotechnology to overcome the limitations of microalgal delivery
5 Challenges and future perspectives
6 Conclusion
References
Chapter Twenty-Four Prospects of mangrove-derived phytochemicals in cancer research
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1 Introduction
2 Mangrove's distribution and diversity
3 Bioactivities of mangroves
4 Application of mangroves in in vitro cancer research
5 Bibliometric analysis of mangrove-derived phytochemicals in cancer research
References
Chapter Twenty-Five Impact of pesticides on immune-endocrine disorders and its relationship to cancer development
Abstract
Funding
Authors’ contributions
Competing interests
1 Introduction
2 Pesticides as immune-endocrine disruptors
3 Agricultural poisons as immunological disruptors
4 Implications of pesticide-induced immune-endocrine deregulation in cancer development
References
Index

Ranbir Chander Sobti

Professor Sobti is an Education Consultant Governor of Bihar and Senior Scientist at the Indian National Science Academy, in addition to Former Vice Chancellor at Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, and Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. Beginning his career as a Cytogeneticist, Professor Sobti moved on to explore the role of gene polymorphisms and their expression in the genesis of various cancers, COPD, AIDS and metabolic syndrome. He has identified disease susceptible / protective novel genotypes and determined the crucial role of SACS-1 and STAT genes in the genesis of cervical and prostate cancers. He has contributed to 270 research publications, 35 books and 23 sponsored research projects. He has received prestigious awards and medals, including the honor of “Padma Shri” from the Government of India for his contribution to higher education. Additionally he was honored with ‘Bharat Gaurav’, Lifetime Achievement Award at the House of Commons, British Parliament, London, UK.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Scientist and Professor Emeritus, Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

Masatoshi Watanabe

Dr.Watanabe graduated from Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering (1983), and Mie University, Faculty of Medicine (1989). He obtained a doctor in Medicine from Mie University (1993). He was a professor at Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama national University (2003-2017), and also a guest professor at School of Medicine, Yokohama City University (2011-1017). He was a visiting fellow in NIH/NIEHS (1997-1999, Dr. J. Carl Barrett). He is now a professor, at School of Medicine, Mir University (2017-). He has published more than 130 scientific publications. He is a member and councilor in Japanese Society of Pathology, and in Japanese Cancer Association.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor and Chairman, Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan

Aastha Sobti

Aastha Sobti is a Doctoral student at the Department of Immunotechnology at Lund University, Sweden. Her research areas interests include translational medicine, clinical dentistry, cancer immunology, biomarkers, diagnostics and medical oncology.

Affiliations and expertise

Doctoral student, Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden