Biogeochemistry

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsPart I Processes and Reactions 1 Introduction Introduction A Model for the Earth as a Biogeochemical System Thermodynamics Cycles in Biogeochemistry 2 Origins Introduction Origin of Elements Origin of the Solar System and the Earth The Primitive Atmosphere and Oceans Origin of Life Evolution of Metabolic Pathways Comparative Planetary History: Earth, Mars and Venus Summary Recommended Reading 3 The Atmosphere Introduction Structure and Compositon Aerosols Biogeochemical Reactions in the Atmosphere Models of the Atmosphere and Global Climate Atmospheric Deposition Summary Recommended Reading 4 The Lithosphere Introduction Rock Weathering Soil Chemical Reactions Soil Development Weathering Rates Summary Recommended Reading 5 The Terrestrial Biosphere Introduction Photosynthesis Net Primary Production Decomposition—The Fate of Organic Carbon Humus Formation and Soil Organic Matter Summary Recommended Reading 6 Biogeochemical Cycling on Land Introduction Biogeochemical Cycling in Land Plants Nutrient Allocations and Cycling in Land Vegetation Biogeochemical Cycling in the Soil Transformations in Fire The Role of Land Animals Integrative Models of Terrestrial Nutrient Cycling Summary: Calculating Landscape Mass-Balance Recommended Reading 7 Biogeochemistry in Freshwater Wetlands and Lakes Introduction Redox Potential: The Basics Redox Potential in Natural Environments Biogeochemistry of "Terrestrial" Wetlands Primary Production and Nutrient Cycling in Lakes Summary Recommended Reading 8 Rivers and Estuaries Introduction Soil Hydraulics and Stream Hydrology Streamload Salt Marshes and Estuaries Summary Recommended Reading 9 The Sea Introduction Ocean Circulation Sea Level Composition of Seawater Net Primary Production Nutrient Cycling in the Ocean Summary Recommended ReadingPart II Global Cycles 10 The Global Water Cycle Introduction The Global Water Cycle Models of the Hydrologic Cycle The History of the Water Cycle The Water Cycle under Scenarios of Future Climate Summary Recommended Reading 11 The Global Carbon Cycle Introduction The Modern Carbon Cycle Temporal Perspectives of the Carbon Cycle Atmospheric Methane Carbon Monoxide Synthesis: Linking the Carbon and Oxygen Cycles Recommended Reading 12 The Global Cycles of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Introduction The Global Nitrogen Cycle Temporal Variations in the Global Nitrogen Cycle Nitrous Oxide: An Unbalanced Global Budget The Global Phosphorus Cycle Linking the Global Cycles of C, N, and Ρ Summary Recommended Reading 13 The Global Sulfur Cycle Introduction The Global Sulfur Cycle Temporal Perspectives of the Sulfur Cycle The Atmospheric Budget of COS Summary Recommended Reading 14 A PerspectiveBibliographyIndex