Biodiversity, Bioengineering, and Biotechnology of Fungi

1st Edition - April 2, 2025
Imprint: Academic Press
Editors: Chakravarthula Manoharachary, Harikesh Bahadur Singh, Sanjay Singh, Yash Pal Sharma
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 8 5 6 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 8 5 7 - 7

Biodiversity, Bioengineering, and Biotechnology of Fungi examines various fungi genera and their biotechnological applications. The book covers the most common genera of fungi, th… Read more

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Biodiversity, Bioengineering, and Biotechnology of Fungi examines various fungi genera and their biotechnological applications. The book covers the most common genera of fungi, their structure, their taxonomy, the maintenance and organization of a permanent study collection with associated databases, and their application in diverse sectors including industrial applications in the food, environment, bioenergy, biorefinery, and biopharma sectors.

Compiled by an international team of fungal biologists, Biodiversity, Bioengineering, and Biotechnology of Fungi provides a wealth of information particularly on the diversity of fungal genera and their biotechnological contributions. The book is a valuable resource for scientists, researchers, health practitioners, nutritionists, industry professionals, advanced students, and all those who wish to broaden their knowledge in the allied field.

Biodiversity, Bioengineering, and Biotechnology of Fungi
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Preface
Chapter 1 Unraveling the hidden diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi from Tamil Nadu
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
History of diversity studies on wood-inhabiting fungi in India
Reevaluating the wood-inhabiting fungi diversity of Tamil Nadu
Sampling of wood-inhabiting fungi
Current scenario of species diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi from Tamil Nadu
Diversity and distribution
Diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in Jawadhu Hills
Diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in Yercaud range
Diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in Kolli Hills
Diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in Pachaimalai Hills
Novel species from the study area
Conclusion
Future prospects
References
Chapter 2 Biodiversity, ecological interaction, and bioprospecting potential of gasteroid fungi
Abstract
Introduction
Taxonomic status of the Gasteroid fungi
Distribution of Gasteroid fungi from world
Distribution of Gasteroid fungi from India
Ecological interaction of Gasteroid fungi
Ethnomycological status and bioprospecting potential of Gasteroid fungi
Bioprospecting potential of Gasteroid fungi
Conclusions and prospects
References
Chapter 3 Bioluminescent fungi: An overview with implications for the future
Abstract
Introduction
Mechanism of bioluminescent in fungi
Fungal bioluminescent system
Worldwide scenario of exploration of bioluminescent fungi
Bioluminescent mushrooms reported from India
Applications of bioluminescent fungi
Significance of bioluminescence in modern research
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Realm of corticioid fungi from Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh—Seven novel inclusions
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Material and methods
Collection of the specimens
Spore print
Drying and preservation
Microscopic studies
Documentation
Submission of the identified specimens
Climate and vegetation of Kullu district
Taxonomic descriptions and figures
Hyphoderma clavigerum (Bres.) Donk, Fungus 27: 15 (1957). = Kneiffia clavigera Bres., Annales Mycologici 1 (2): 103 (1902) (Fig. 1)
Phaeophlebiopsis ravenelii (Cooke) Zmitr., Folia Cryptog. Petropol.6: 95 (2018). = Peniophora ravenelii Cooke, Grevillea 8 (45): 21 (1879) (Fig. 2)
Phanerochaete sordida (P. Karst.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden, the Corticiaceae of North Europe 5: 1023 (1978). = Corticium sordidum P. Karst., Meddelanden af Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 9: 65 (1883) (Fig. 3)
Phlebia griseoflavescens (Litsch.) Runnel, Spirin & K.H. Larss., Mycologia 111 (5): 877 (2019). = Corticium griseoflavescens Litsch., Glasnik Skopskog Naucnog Drustva 18: 178 (1938) (Fig. 4)
Phlebiopsis punjabensis G. Kaur, Avneet P. Singh & Dhingra, Mycotaxon 130 (3): 907 (2015) (Fig. 5)
Radulomyces rickii (Bres.) M.P. Christ., Dansk botanisk Arkiv 19 (2): 128 (1960). = Corticium rickii Bres., Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 48 (4): 136 (1898) (Fig. 6)
Xenasma aurantiacum M.P. Christ., Dansk botanisk Arkiv 19 (2): 107 (1960) (Fig. 7)
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 Advances in Trichoderma biology for biocontrol applications
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Trichoderma as plant growth regulator
Plant root colonization
Phytohormones and metabolites
Nutrient solubilization and enhancing bioavailability of essential elements
Molecular signaling within the plant
Beneficial effects of Trichoderma spp. on plants
Effects on plant morphology
Effects on plant physiology
Effects on nutrient solubilization and absorption
Effects on yield improvement
Role of Trichoderma in protecting plants against phytopathogens
Different mechanisms employed by Trichoderma in biocontrol
Recent advances in Trichoderma in development of bioformulations
Conclusion and future prospects
References
Chapter 6 Wild edible mushrooms and their economic potential in improving the rural livelihoods in Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Materials and methods
Study area
Collection and identification of mushrooms
Data acquisition and data processing
Use value
Relative frequency of citation
Results
Taxonomic description of common WEMs along with their folk taxonomy, market value, and preservation and processing techniques
Socioeconomic aspects of wild edible mushrooms
Use value (UV) of wild edible mushrooms
Relative frequency of citation of wild mushrooms
WEMs in sustainability
Conservation and trade control
Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 7 Spotlight on the hidden treasure of endophytic fungal bioactive metabolites
Abstract
Introduction
Evolutionary origins and classification of endophytic fungi
Plant–endophytic fungal interaction
Gene clusters and biosynthetic pathways
Epigenetic and post-translational regulation
Host genetic modifications induced by fungal interactions
Modulation of plant hormonal pathways
Induced systemic resistance
Genetic modification through fungal metabolites
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT)
Biological activities of endophytic fungi
Antimicrobial activity
Anticancer activity
Antioxidant activity
Antidiabetic activity
Antiinflammatory activity
Plant growth-promoting stimulants
Biological plant protection
Insecticidal activity
Conclusion
Future prospects
References
Chapter 8 A systematic overview of endophytes in orchids: Diversity, application, and future prospects
Abstract
Introduction
The problem
Fungal endophytes and Orchidaceae
Diversity of endophytic fungi from Orchidaceae
Beneficial aspects of orchid–endophyte association
Seed germination and development in orchids
Some harmful aspect of orchid–endophyte association
Novel fungal endophytes from orchids
Future aspects
Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 9 Brief review of Ganoderma spp. occurring in Ghana and their bioactive compounds
Abstract
Introduction
Species of Ganoderma in Ghana
Uses of Ganoderma in Ghana
Methods of evaluating bioactive compounds in Ghana
Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Genus Fusarium and Fusarium species complexes
Abstract
Introduction
History
Naming system for Genus Fusarium
Fusarium species complexes
An abundance of emerging species
Identifying the species of Fusarium
Future aspects
References
Chapter 11 Recent advancement in multiomics techniques for the exploration of microbial diversity
Abstract
Introduction
Multiomics relevant to microorganisms
Genomics
Genome analysis
Areas of genomics
Key applications of microbial genomics
Transcriptomics
Methods
Key applications of transcriptomics
Proteomics
Low-throughput methods
Antibody-based methods
Gel-based methods
Chromatography-based methods
High-throughput methods
Analytical, functional, and reverse-phase microarrays
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics
Principles of MS-based proteomics
Protein identification and quantification
Key applications of proteomics
Metabolomics
Methods
Key applications of metabolomics
Bioinformatics tools
Conclusions
References
Chapter 12 Biodiversity and biotechnology of fungi: Aspects, prospects, and issues
Abstract
Why study fungi?
Status of fungal diversity
Global richness and estimation of fungi
Documentation and description of unknown fungal diversity
Conservation of fungi
Ecological niches of fungi
Keystone species and bioindicators
Systematics and related aspects
Naming of fungi and identification
Fungal taxonomy and classification
Classification
Molecular biology of fungi
Fungal biotechnology
Future lines of research
References
Chapter 13 Litter fungi associated with Mannanur forest, Mahaboobnagar district, Telangana state, India
Abstract
Introduction
Topography and climate of Telangana state
Methodology
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of litter fungi
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
References
Chapter 14 An insight into the biodiversity and biotechnology of Fusarium species
Abstract
Introduction and taxonomic status of Fusarium
Fusarium dynamics: Unraveling diversity, dispersion, and ecological networks
Environmental allocation of Fusarium: A fresh perspective on distribution
Application of biotechnological tools for study of biodiversity of Fusarium
Conclusions
References
Chapter 15 Exploring plant-based resources: A frontier in combating against common bacterial and fungal pathogens
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Introduction
Common foodborne bacterial pathogens and some fungal pathogens
Some foodborne fungal infections
Plant-derived sources
Plant’s crude extracts
Plant’s essential oils
Bioactive compounds
Phenolic acids and flavonoids
Alkaloids
Saponins
Terpenes and steroids
Coumarins
Challenges and limitations
Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 Nano-bioengineering of fungi
Abstract
Nanotechnology and fungi
Myco-silver nanoparticles
Myco-gold nanoparticles
Myco-platinum nanoparticles
Myco-copper nanoparticles
Myco-iron nanoparticles
Nano-bioengineered fungi and its applications
Conclusion
References
Chapter 17 Exploring fungal frontiers: Innovation in secondary metabolite production
Abstract
Fungi—Important organisms
Fungal secondary metabolites
Advances in fungal metabolite production
Genomic/genetic engineering
Metabolic engineering
Precision fermentation technology
Modular synthetic biology platforms
Microbiome-based approaches (omics technologies)
Co-culture techniques
Novel extraction and purification techniques
Sustainable production
Global partnerships
Challenges and future directions
Key challenges in scalability
Addressing scalability challenges
Regulatory frameworks
Conclusion
References
Chapter 18 Biodiversity of fungal pathogens of sugarcane crop and their management
Abstract
Introduction
Biodiversity of fungal pathogens of sugarcane
Management of sugarcane diseases
Conclusions
References
Chapter 19 Endophytic incidence of Aspergillus assiutensis in Piper longum L.: Its exploration for piperine production as an alternate source
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Introduction
Materials and methods
Isolation of fungal endophytes
Molecular identification of fungal endophyte
Screening designs for the selection of media components
Spectrophotometric analysis of piperine content
Mass cultivation, extraction, and purification
Detection of piperine through TLC
Results
Isolation and identification of endophyte
Evaluation of variables affecting piperine production using statistical design
TLC profiling analysis
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Chapter 20 Exploration of fungal endophytes isolated from Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia catappa for phytochemicals, antioxidants, and bioactive potential against three Fusarium spp.
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Materials and methods
Source, screening, and identification
Effect of culture condition like different incubation period of selected fungal isolates
Results
Isolation, screening, and identification of fungal endophytes
Screening of endophytes and identification
Extraction of secondary metabolites and evaluation for antifungal activity
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Index

Chakravarthula Manoharachary

Prof. C. Manoharachary has served Osmania University for 45 long years in different capacities including as Dean. Prof Manoharachary has discovered 20 new fungal genera and 82 new fungal species. He has immensely contributed for the advancement of teaching and research in Mycology and Plant Pathology.. He has been honored with six lifetime achievement awards, served as President of several Indian academies viz., Indian Phytopathological Society, Indian Botanical Society, Mycological Society of India ,Indian Science Congress Association-Botany section. Served as chairman/expert member of UGC,  DST, DBT, MOENF, ICAR, CSIR and others. He did his postdoctoral work in UK, USA, and Germany. Dr. Manoharachary is a fellow of National Academy of Sciences, India, Fellow of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Several other academic societies.

Affiliations and expertise

NASI Distinguished Professor, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India

Harikesh Bahadur Singh

Prof. H. B. Singh works as Distinguished Professor, Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura from August 1, 2020 to date. He is a Visiting Professor at Cornell University and University of Illinois, USA, Sau Paulo State University, Sorocaba, Brazil. He is honoured with 22 National and International prestigious awards including the CSIR Award for S&;T Innovation and Fellow of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences Successfully completed 21 research projects funded by various funding agencies. Established fruitful research collaborations with academic and industry researchers and published jointly with national and international collaborators in high impact journals and obtained 19 patents

Affiliations and expertise

Distinguished Professor, Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, India

Sanjay Singh

Dr. Sanjay K. Singh, is presently working as In-charge and Senior Scientist, Biodiversity and Palaeobiology group (Fungi), MACS’ Agharkar Research Institute, Pune (Autonomous Institute under DST, Govt. of India). He did his Ph.D. in Botany (Mycology) in1996 from Gorakhpur Univ. He is a fellow of Indian Phytopathological Society, and Society of Applied Biotechnology (SAB), India. He visited Montana State University, USA where he worked with renowned, Prof. Gary Strobel and received specialized training on biology of fungal endophytes and applications of their bioactive metabolites. With vast experience in the field of biodiversity, systematics, taxonomy, multigene sequencing and phylogeny, conservation and biotechnological applications of fungi, Dr. Singh has made note-worthy contributions. Published > 100 research and review articles in journals of repute and 14 book chapters. Besides he has been a reviewers and editorial board members of several prestigious journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Scientist, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune India

Yash Pal Sharma

Prof. Sharma is currently working as Professor &Former Head, Coordinator, UGC-SAP (DRS II) Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu , India. He has 25 years of teaching and research experience. His major research interest is in the area of Mycology & Plant Pathology, Mushroom Diversity, Ethnomycology and Ethnobotany. Prof Sharma is life member, Indian Society of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Udaipur, Mycological Society of India and Indian Botanical Society. Prof Sharma has published >126 research papers and edited 2 books

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Botany, University of Jammu, J & K, India

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Biodiversity, Bioengineering, and Biotechnology of Fungi

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Chakravarthula Manoharachary

Harikesh Bahadur Singh

Sanjay Singh

Yash Pal Sharma

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