Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- 2nd Edition - February 23, 2015
- Latest edition
- Author: Ghasem Najafpour
- Language: English
Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, 2nd Edition, outlines the principles of biochemical processes and explains their use in the manufacturing of every day products. The au… Read more
Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, 2nd Edition, outlines the principles of biochemical processes and explains their use in the manufacturing of every day products. The author uses a diirect approach that should be very useful for students in following the concepts and practical applications. This book is unique in having many solved problems, case studies, examples and demonstrations of detailed experiments, with simple design equations and required calculations.
- Covers major concepts of biochemical engineering and biotechnology, including applications in bioprocesses, fermentation technologies, enzymatic processes, and membrane separations, amongst others
- Accessible to chemical engineering students who need to both learn, and apply, biological knowledge in engineering principals
- Includes solved problems, examples, and demonstrations of detailed experiments with simple design equations and all required calculations
- Offers many graphs that present actual experimental data, figures, and tables, along with explanations
The book is appropriate as a college and university text book for undergraduate senior courses and postgraduate course. Students and research scientists in biochemical engineering and biological sciences will find this reference particularly useful for gaining an overview of the subject and planning research activities. It is also useful for research institutes and postgraduates who are involved in practical research in biochemical engineering and biotechnology.
- Author Biography
- Book Audience and Overview
- Preface
- Chapter 1. Industrial Microbiology
- 1.1. Introduction
- 1.2. Role of Biotechnology
- 1.3. Role of Biosciences
- 1.4. Microbe Functions
- 1.5. Process Fermentation
- 1.6. Application of Fermentation Processes
- 1.7. Bioprocess Products
- 1.8. Production of Lactic Acid
- 1.9. Production of Vinegar
- 1.10. Production of Amino Acids (Lysine and Glutamic Acid) and Insulin
- 1.11. Antibiotics, Production of Penicillin
- 1.12. Production of Enzymes
- 1.13. Production of Baker's Yeast
- Chapter 2. Enzyme Technology
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Enzyme Elementary Reaction Rate
- 2.3. Enzyme Classifications
- 2.4. Enzymes Specific Function
- 2.5. Enzymes Act as Catalysts
- 2.6. Inhibitors of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions
- 2.7. Industrial Application of Enzymes
- 2.8. Coenzymes
- 2.9. Effect of pH on Enzyme Activities
- 2.10. Enzyme Unit Activities
- 2.11. Enzyme Deactivation
- 2.12. Solve Problems
- 2.13. Case Study: Solid-State Fermentation of Sugarcane Bagasse in a Tray Bioreactor for Production of Lipase Using Rhizopus oryzae
- Chapter 3. Gas and Liquid System (Aeration and Agitation)
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Aeration and Agitation
- 3.3. Air Sparger
- 3.4. Agitation and Mixing Phenomena
- 3.5. Types of Agitator
- 3.6. OTR in a Fermenter
- 3.7. Mass Transfer in a Gas–Liquid System
- 3.8. Gas Hold-Up
- 3.9. Mass Transfer Coefficients for Stirred Tanks
- 3.10. Agitated System and Mixing Phenomena
- 3.11. Mass Transfer Limited Process
- 3.13. Case Study: Oxygen Transfer Rate Model in an Aerated Tank for Pharmaceutical Wastewater
- 3.14. Case Study: Fuel and Chemical Production from the Water–Gas Shift Reaction by Fermentation Processes
- Problems
- Chapter 4. Fermentation Process Control
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Bioreactor Controlling Probes
- 4.3. Characteristics of Bioreactor Sensors
- 4.4. Temperature Measurement and Control
- 4.5. Dissolved Oxygen Measurement and Control
- 4.6. pH/Redox Measurement and Control
- 4.7. Detection and Prevention of Foam
- 4.8. Biosensors
- Nomenclature
- Chapter 5. Growth Kinetics
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Indirect Measurements of Cell Growth
- 5.3. Cell Growth in Batch Culture
- 5.4. Growth Phases
- 5.5. Kinetics of Batch Culture
- 5.6. Growth Kinetics for Continuous Culture
- 5.7. Material Balance for Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)
- 5.8. Enzyme Reaction Kinetics
- 5.9. Unstructured Kinetic Model
- 5.11. Case Study: Enzyme Kinetic Models for Resolution of Racemic Ibuprofen Esters in a Membrane Reactor
- Problems
- Chapter 6. Bioreactor Design
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. Bioreactors: Background
- 6.3. Type of Bioreactor
- 6.4. Stirred Tank Bioreactor
- 6.5. Bubble Column Fermenter
- 6.6. Airlift Bioreactors
- 6.7. Heat Transfer
- 6.8. Design Equations for CSTR Fermenter
- 6.9. Temperature Effect on Rate Constant
- 6.10. Scale-Up of Stirred-Tank Bioreactor
- 6.11. Biological Transport of Oxygen through Cells
- Nomenclature
- Chapter 7. Downstream Processing
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Downstream Processing
- 7.3. Filtration
- 7.4. Centrifugation
- 7.5. Sedimentation
- 7.6. Flotation
- 7.7. Emerging Technology for Cell Recovery
- 7.8. Cell Disruption
- 7.9. Solvent Extraction
- 7.10. Adsorption
- 7.11. Chromatography
- 7.12. Crystallization Process
- 7.13. Freeze-Drying
- Nomenclature
- Chapter 8. Immobilization of Microbial Cells for the Production of Organic Acid and Ethanol
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Immobilized Microbial Cells
- 8.3. ICR Experiments
- 8.4. ICR Rate Model
- 8.6. Case Study: Ethanol Fermentation in an Immobilized Cell Reactor Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 8.7. Fundamentals of Immobilization Technology, and Mathematical Model for ICR Performance
- Chapter 9. Material and Elemental Balance
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Media Preparation for Fermentation
- 9.3. Growth of Stoichiometry and Elemental Balances
- 9.4. Energy Balance for Continuous Ethanol Fermentation
- 9.5. Mass Balance for Biological Processes
- 9.6. Conservation of Mass Principle
- 9.7. Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas Pathway
- Chapter 10. Application of Fermentation Processes
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Production of Ethanol by Fermentation
- 10.3. Benefits from Bioethanol Fuel
- 10.4. Stoichiometry of Biochemical Reaction
- 10.5. Optical Cell Density
- 10.6. Kinetics of Growth and Product Formation
- 10.7. Preparation of Stock Culture
- 10.8. Inoculum Preparation
- 10.9. Inoculation of Seed Culture
- 10.10. Analytical Method for Sugar Analysis
- 10.11. Analytical Method for Ethanol Analysis
- 10.12. Refractive Index Determination
- 10.13. Cell Dry Weight Measurements
- 10.14. Yield Calculation
- 10.15. Batch Fermentation Experiment
- 10.16. Continuous Fermentation Experiment
- 10.17. Media Sterilization
- 10.18. Batch Experiment
- 10.19. Expected Results
- Chapter 11. Production of Antibiotics
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. Herbal Medicines and Chemical Agents
- 11.3. The History of Penicillin
- 11.4. Production of Penicillin
- 11.5. Microorganisms and Media
- 11.6. Inoculum Preparation
- 11.7. Filtration and Extraction of Penicillin
- 11.8. Experimental Procedure
- 11.9. Fermenter Description
- 11.10. Analytical Method for Bioassay and Detection of Antibiotic
- 11.11. Antibiogram and Biological Assay
- 11.12. Submerged Culture
- 11.13. Bioreactor Design and Control
- 11.14. Estimation of Dimension of Fermenter
- 11.15. Determination of the Reynolds Number
- 11.16. Determination of Power Input
- 11.17. Determination of Oxygen Transfer Rate
- 11.18. Design Specification Sheet for the Bioreactor
- Chapter 12. Production of Citric Acid
- 12.1. Introduction
- 12.2. Production of Citric Acid in Batch Bioreactors
- 12.3. Factors Affecting Mold Growth and the Fermentation Process
- 12.4. Starter or Seeding an Inoculum
- 12.5. Seed Culture
- 12.6. Citric Acid Production
- 12.7. Analytical Method
- 12.8. Processes for Recovery and Purification of Citric Acid
- 12.9. Experimental Run
- 12.10. Kinetic Model in Batch Citric Acid Fermentation
- Nomenclature
- Chapter 13. Bioprocess Scale-up
- 13.1. Introduction
- 13.2. Scale-up Procedure from Laboratory Scale to Plant Scale
- 13.3. Bioreactor Design Criteria
- 13.4. Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Chemostat versus Tubular Plug Flow
- 13.5. Dynamic Model and Oxygen Transfer Rate in Activated Sludge
- 13.6. Aerobic Wastewater Treatment
- Nomenclature
- Chapter 14. Single-Cell Protein
- 14.1. Introduction
- 14.2. Dissolved Oxygen in Single-Cell Protein Production
- 14.3. Batch and Continuous Fermentation for Production of Single-Cell Protein
- 14.4. Batch Experiment for Production of Baker's Yeast
- 14.5. Separation of Microbial Biomass
- 14.6. Background
- 14.7. Production Methods
- 14.8. Media Preparation for Single-Cell Protein Production
- 14.9. Analytical Methods
- 14.10. Single-Cell Protein Processes
- 14.11. Nutritional Value of Single-Cell Protein
- 14.12. Organisms and Substrates for Single-Cell Protein Production
- 14.13. Advantages and Disadvantages of Single-Cell Protein
- 14.14. Preparation for Experimental Run
- Chapter 15. Sterilization
- 15.1. Introduction
- 15.2. Control of Microbial Population by Physical Agents
- 15.3. Death Rate of Living Organisms
- 15.4. Batch Sterilization
- 15.5. Continuous Sterilization
- 15.6. Hot Plates
- 15.7. High-Temperature Sterilization
- 15.8. Sterilized Media for Microbiology
- 15.9. Dry Heat Sterilization
- 15.10. Sterilization with Filtration
- 15.11. Microwave Sterilization
- 15.12. Electron Beam Sterilization
- 15.13. Chemical Sterilization
- 15.14. Low-Temperature Sterilization
- Nomenclature
- Chapter 16. Membrane Reactor
- 16.1. Introduction
- 16.2. Membrane Bioreactors
- 16.3. Membrane and MBR Development
- 16.4. Case Study: Enhanced Ethanol Fermentation in a Continuous Membrane Bioreactor: Pervaporation Technique
- 16.5. Case Study: Inorganic Zirconia γ-Alumina-Coated Membrane on Ceramic Support
- Chapter 17. Advanced Downstream Processing in Biotechnology
- 17.1. Introduction
- 17.2. Protein Products
- 17.3. Cell Disruption
- 17.4. Protein Purification
- 17.5. General Problems Associated With Conventional Techniques
- 17.6. Fluidized Bed Adsorption
- 17.7. Design and Operation of Liquid Fluidized Beds
- 17.8. Experimental Procedure
- 17.9. Process Integration in Protein Recovery
- 17.11. Case Study: Biochemical Characterization of a Custom Expanded Bed Column for Protein Purification
- Chapter 18. Microbial Fuel Cells: A New Source of Power
- 18.1. Introduction
- 18.2. Biological Fuel Cell
- 18.3. Microbial Fuel Cell
- Chapter 19. Biological Treatment
- 19.1. Introduction
- 19.2. Organic Removal in Sustainable Microbial Growth
- 19.3. Microbial Metabolism
- 19.4. Microbial Growth Kinetics
- 19.5. Growth Rate and Treatment Kinetics
- 19.6. Removal Mechanisms in Biological Processes
- 19.7. Aerobic Biooxidation
- 19.8. Anaerobic Digestion
- 19.9. Abiotic Losses
- 19.10. Volatilization
- 19.11. Biological Nitrification and Denitrification
- 19.12. Biological Treatment Processes: Suspended and Attached Growth
- Chapter 20. Biofuel Production
- 20.1. Biofuel Production and Global Scenarios
- 20.2. Feedstock for Biofuel Production
- 20.3. Processes and Technologies
- 20.4. Intensification and Integration
- 20.5. Economic Perspective
- Appendix
- Index
- Edition: 2
- Latest edition
- Published: February 23, 2015
- Language: English
GN
Ghasem Najafpour
Ghasem Najafpour is distinguished professor in Chemical Engineering and the Chairman of Biotechnology Research Center, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Iran. He is an educated scholar from University of Arkansas, USA with strong background in biological processes. He is deeply involved in research and teaching in biochemical engineering subjects since 1980 and has conducted many practical research projects in the fields of biofuel and biochemical engineering.
He has served as academic member of University of Mazandran, Visiting Professor at University of Waterloo, Canada and University of Arkansas, USA, University Science Malaysia (USM, Penang) and Babol Noshirvani University of Technology. He also spent his sabbatical leave at University of Arkansas, USA (1992-1993). He has expanded his scientific research activities on single cell protein (SCP), hydrogen as clean fuel, microbial fuel cells, renewable energy and synthetic fuels. Since 2005, he was qualified and appointed as Professor in the Faculty of Chemical Engineering at Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Iran.
Affiliations and expertise
School of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, IranRead Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology on ScienceDirect