LIMITED OFFER
Save 50% on book bundles
Immediately download your ebook while waiting for your print delivery. No promo code needed.
Recent studies in human genetics and in silico analyses have revealed that a number of genes are head-head orientated with other genes or non-coding RNAs. The expression of regula… Read more
LIMITED OFFER
Immediately download your ebook while waiting for your print delivery. No promo code needed.
Recent studies in human genetics and in silico analyses have revealed that a number of genes are head-head orientated with other genes or non-coding RNAs. The expression of regulatory element-containing 5’-upstream regions of gene pairs are referred to as bi-directional promoters and are thought to have a key role in biological regulatory mechanisms.
For example, tumor suppressor protein-encoding TP53 and BRCA1 genes are head-head bound with WRAP53 and NBR2, respectively. DNA-repair factor-encoding ATM and PRKDC (DNA-PKcs) genes have bidirectional partner NPAT and MCM4, respectively. Surveillance of the human DNA database has revealed that the numbers of DNA repair/mitochondrial function/immune response-associated genes are bound with other genes that are transcribed to opposite direction. The observations may encourage us to investigate in the molecular mechanisms how DNA repair/mitochondrial function/immune response-associated genes are regulated by bidirectional promoters. Not only protein-coding genes, but also quite a few ncRNAs, which play important roles in various cellular events, are transcribed under the regulation of the bidirectional promoters. More importantly, we know that dysregulation in the promoter activity and transcription initiation of genes might cause human diseases.
Basic scientists and clinical or medicinal scientists who are investigating transcriptional regulation in mammalian cells
1. Introductory Chapter: DNA replication and transcription
Section I. Biological significances of the bidirectional transcription in eukaryotic cells
2. Mitochondrial function and immune response-regulating factor-encoding gene promoters
3. DNA repair factor-encoding gene promoters
4. Regulation of non-coding RNA promoters
5. Parameters that determine the direction of transcription
Section II. Control of bidirectional promoters and the relevance to human diseases
6. Dysregulation of transcription and human diseases
7. Human proto-oncogene promoters
Section III. In silico and bioinformatic studies in gene expression system
8. Distal transcriptional enhancers and repressors of bidirectional promoters
9. The landscape of the repeated sequences in the human genome
10. Biological roles of loop structures
Section IV. Evolution of transcription system in eukaryotic cells
11. Are transposable elements enemies within?
12. Molecular mechanisms that have made bidirectional gene promoters
FU