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Ballistic Materials and Penetration Mechanics
- 1st Edition - December 2, 2012
- Editor: Roy Laible
- Language: English
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 0 1 6 4 - 3
Ballistic Materials and Penetration Mechanics deals with ballistically protective materials and penetration mechanics. The book discusses historical and practical considerations of… Read more
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Request a sales quoteBallistic Materials and Penetration Mechanics deals with ballistically protective materials and penetration mechanics. The book discusses historical and practical considerations of ballistic protection, including metallic armor, as well as ballistic testing methodology, the ability of a protective material to stop or slow down a particular projectile, and the theoretical aspects of penetration mechanics. It also highlights the importance of stress wave analysis in the penetration and spalling phenomena. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the history of the armor and the modern helmet. It proceeds with a discussion of variations in ballistic test methods, errors in test methods, and the importance of the hardness and geometry of both the target and the projectile. The next chapters focus on the importance of fibrous armor, materials that are visually transparent and resistant to penetration by high-energy projectiles and fragments, and transparent armor and ceramic composite armor. The reader is also introduced to materials used in the design of metallic armor, the role of stress waves in the penetration problem, and the use of computer simulation to analyze ballistic impact experiments. The book looks at numerical techniques for modeling hypervelocity impact and concludes with a chapter on the penetration mechanics of textile structures. This book is a valuable resource for scientists working at government, industrial, and university laboratories, as well as law enforcement officers and others who want information on materials that provide the best protection against damage from impacts, explosions, and bullets.
Chapter 1. Introduction
References
Chapter 2. History of Armor
I. Ancient armor
II. Modern body armor
III. Modern helmet history
References
Chapter 3. Ballistic Testing Methodology
I. Background
II. Introduction
III. Test methodologies
A. Pistol ball test
B. Arena test
C. Side spray fragmentation test
D. Forward spray test
E. Multiple cube tests
F. Single cube test
G. Single and multiple sphere tests
H. Munition fragment test
I. Fragment simulating projectile test
J. Yaw dart projectile test
K. Parallelepiped test
L. Shape factor
M. Criteria for assessing the defeat of armor
N. Critical angle tests
O. Determination of ballistic limits
P. Merit ratings
Q. Residual velocity test
R. Transient and permanent deformation testing
S. Resistance to shock test
T. Resistance to spalling test
U. Lethality tests
IV. Summary
References
Chapter 4. Fibrous Armor
I. Introduction
II. Fabric armor
IIl. Felts
A. Fiber parameters
B. Fabrication parameters
C. Dynamics of felt upon impact—theoretical studies
D. Felt deficiencies
IV. Laminated fabrics
A. Fiberglass
B. Nylon
C. Kevlar®
References
Chapter 5. Transparent Armor
I. Introduction
II. Historical
III Ocular war injuries
IV. Ballistic goggle and visor materials
V. Windshields
VI. Structure/property relationships
References
Chapter 6. Ceramic Composite Armor
I. Introduction
II. Component parts of composite armor
A. The ceramic facing
B. Backup materials
IIl. Mechanisms
References
Chapter 7. Metallic Armor Materials
I. Introduction
II. Characteristics of metal armor
III. Armor types
A. Steel armor
B. Aluminum armor
C. Titanium armor
References
Chapter 8. Weapon Effectiveness and Casualty Reduction Analysis
I. Introduction
II. The threat
A. Accuracy
B. Fragmentation characteristics
III. The target
IV. Target vulnerability
V. Casualties
A. Lethal area
B. Fraction casualties
VI. Casualty reduction
VII. An example
References
Chapter 9. The Role of Stress Waves in Penetration Processes
I. Introduction
II. Brittle fractures produced by the reflection of stress waves
III. Multiple scabbing
IV. Non-hookean behavior
V. Stress waves produced by fractures
VI. Maximum crack velocity
VII. Penetration of targets by Munroe Jets
VIII. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10. Computer Simulation of Penetration Phenomena
I. Introduction
II. Constitutive equations
III. Approach
IV. Target failure modes
V. Important target and projectile parameters
VI. Composite target
VII. Hypervelocity impact
VIII. Summary
IX. Appendix
A. Constitutive model
B. A method for determining the plastic work-hardening function
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 11. Numerical Techniques for Modeling High Velocity Penetration and
Perforation Processes
I. Introduction
II. Numerical techniques
A. Lagrangian
B. Eulerian
C. Eulerian with explicit interface treatment
III. Hypervelocity impact
A. Semi-infinite targets
B. Targets of finite thickness
IV. Oblique impact
V. Summary
References
Chapter 12. Penetration Mechanics of Textile Structures
I. Introduction
II. Numerical analysis of impact on woven panels
A. Method of analysis
B. Mathematical formulation
C. Solution stability and convergence
D. Incorporation of material property models
E. Assessment of accuracy
III. Influence of fiber properties on ballistic resistance
References
Index
- No. of pages: 306
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: December 2, 2012
- Imprint: Elsevier
- eBook ISBN: 9780444601643
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