
Assessments, Treatments and Modeling in Aging and Neurological Disease
The Neuroscience of Aging
- 1st Edition - June 1, 2021
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editors: Colin R. Martin, Victor R Preedy, Rajkumar Rajendram
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 0 0 0 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 0 0 1 - 3
Assessments, Treatments and Modeling in Aging and Neurological Disease: The Neuroscience of Aging is a comprehensive reference on the diagnosis and management of neurologi… Read more

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Request a sales quoteAssessments, Treatments and Modeling in Aging and Neurological Disease: The Neuroscience of Aging is a comprehensive reference on the diagnosis and management of neurological aging and associated disorders. The book discusses the mechanisms underlying neurological aging and provides readers with a detailed introduction to the aging of neural connections and complexities in biological circuitries, as well as the interactions between genetics, epigenetics and other micro-environmental processes. It also examines pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions of age-related conditions that affect the brain, including Alzheimer’s, stroke and multiple sclerosis.
- Provides the most comprehensive coverage of the broad range of topics related to the neuroscience of aging
- Features sections on diagnosis and biomarkers of neurological aging, Alzheimer’s and stroke
- Contains an abstract, key facts, a mini dictionary of terms, and summary points in each chapter
- Focuses on neurological diseases and conditions linked to aging, environmental factors and clinical recommendations
- Includes more than 500 illustrations and tables
Neuroscientists, geriatricians, neurobiologists, experimental biologists, clinicians, graduate students, and post-doctoral fellows
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Preface
- Part I. Introductory chapters: Setting the scene for the neuroscience of aging
- Chapter 1. The concept of productive aging
- Mini-dictionary of key terms
- The concept of productive aging
- What is productive aging?
- Work participation
- Lifelong learning
- Volunteering
- Family care
- Conclusion
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 2. Quality of life in older people
- Introduction: what is quality of life?
- Dimensions of quality of life
- Important dimension of QoL—health-related quality of life (HRQoL)
- How to assess QoL
- Instruments for measuring QoL and HRQoL
- Instruments for patients with dementia
- Problems in assessing QoL in older people
- Positive aspects of QoL are important in older people
- Problems in assessing QoL in special subgroups of older people
- Experience of various QoL instruments among older people
- Key facts of quality of life in older people
- Summary points
- Chapter 3. Successful aging and diet
- Introduction
- Defining successful aging
- Aging and lifestyle
- Diet, cognition, and mental health
- Diet, physical and cardiometabolic health
- Sarcopenia, musculoskeletal and bone health
- Aging meaningfully
- Discussion
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 4. The impact of positive social relations on the quality of life of older people. An alternative to medicalization from an integral perspective
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction. Positive aging as a strategy for the current scenario
- The centrality of medication with the elderly: social alternatives to polimedicalization
- Conclusions
- Chapter 5. The brain in life span: use of phase functional magnetic resonance imaging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Complex-valued BOLD fMRI model
- Brain fMRI data collection
- Phase fMRI theory
- Standard magnitude fMRI for brain study
- Phase fMRI image processing and ICA decomposition
- Phase fMRI functional connectivity analysis
- Whole brain FC balance (mean(FC)∼0)
- Aging effect on individual FC elements
- Aging effect on whole FC average
- Maxmin age correlations with FC
- Significant age correlations with FC
- Limitations and future research
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of brain functional connectivity aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 6. Neuronal structure in aging: cytoskeleton in health and disease
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Neuronal cytoskeleton and axonal transport
- Aging and neurodegeneration
- Cytoskeleton rejuvenation and axon regeneration
- Closing remarks
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 7. Sporadic Alzheimer’s triad: age, sex, and ApoE
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- AD versus normal aging
- Sex differences in AD
- ApoE polymorphisms in AD
- Sex and ApoE interact to influence the risk of developing AD
- ApoE genotype modifies efficacy of hormone replacement therapy
- Conclusion and future perspectives
- Key facts of age-sex-ApoE in AD
- Summary points
- Chapter 8. The moderating effect of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on inhibitory control in elderly individuals
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Inhibitory control: an important high-level cognitive function
- Unity and diversity of inhibitory control
- Two main forms of inhibitory control
- The effect of aging on inhibitory control
- BDNF and the gene that codes for its synthesis
- Moderating role of BDNF polymorphism in cognitive performance
- The benefit of being a Met carrier during aging
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 9. Alcohol use disorder pharmacotherapy options for postmenopausal females: age and gender issues and considerations
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Other potential medications as treatment of AUD
- Applications to the other areas of aging
- Key facts of AUD pharmacotherapy
- Summary points
- Chapter 10. The aging brain and brain banking
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Macroscopic age-related brain changes
- Neurodegenerative pathologies
- Age-specific pathologies
- Use of aged brain tissue for human brain tissue research
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts about aging and pathology
- Summary points
- Part II. Impairments and diseases
- Chapter 11. Dementia or no dementia in the elderly. Why?
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Successful longevity
- Aging and dementia
- Alzheimer’s disease, dementia
- Brain vascular disease
- Imaging of the brain in vivo
- Relation between vascular disease and AD
- Discussion
- Key facts of dementia
- Summary points
- Chapter 12. Neuropsychology, social cognition, and loss of insight in frontotemporal dementia
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Clinical subtypes of FTD
- Overlap of FTD and other disorders
- Pathology
- Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (BvFTD)
- Primary progressive aphasias FTD (PPA FTD)
- Neuropsychology of FTD
- Social cognition in FTD
- Interventions
- Key facts of FTD
- Summary points
- Chapter 13. Neuroinflammation and aging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- The neuroinflammatory cascade
- Cell death and neuroinflammation
- Neuroinflammation and synaptic function
- Neuroinflammation and neurogenesis
- Neuroinflammation and cognition
- Neuroinflammation and aging
- Conclusion
- Applications to “other areas of aging”
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 14. Cortical microinfarcts and the aging brain
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Age-related vascular changes
- Age-related vascular lesions and their cognitive consequences
- Cortical microinfarcts
- Conclusion
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of cortical microinfarcts
- Summary points
- Chapter 15. Cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative racial/ethnic health disparities
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Brain imaging
- Vascular dementia
- Risk factors and racial/ethnic groups
- Associations common to multiple racial/ethnic populations
- Associations specific to individual racial/ethnic populations
- Methodologic differences in epidemiologic studies
- Socioeconomic confounding: access to resources
- Epidemiologic classification: measurement error
- Residual differences: mortality and risk
- Conclusion
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 16. Hearing loss among the elderly
- Epidemiology of hearing loss in older adults
- Social and psychological impact of hearing loss
- Overview of the auditory system
- Pathophysiological process associated with presbycusis
- Risk factors for presbycusis
- Health impact of hearing loss
- Diagnosis of hearing loss
- Treatment for hearing loss
- Pharmacological approaches and ongoing areas of research
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 17. Aging auditory cortex: the impact of reduced inhibition on function
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Anatomy and function of auditory cortex
- Anatomy in the aged auditory cortex
- Function in the aged auditory cortex
- Conclusion and future directions
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of auditory aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 18. Aging and vestibular disorders
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 19. Brain aging in HIV and retrovirals
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Diagnostic of HAND
- Pathogenesis of neurocognitive impairment in HIV
- Proposed models of brain aging in HIV
- Treatment and potential preventive measures
- Practical conclusion
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of brain aging in HIV infection and retrovirals
- Summary points
- Chapter 20. Methylmercury exposure and its implications for aging
- Introduction
- Chronic human exposure to methylmercury
- Interaction among mechanisms of methylmercury toxicity and normal aging
- Aging and gestational methylmercury exposure
- Aging and adult-onset methylmercury exposure
- Application with other areas of aging: methylmercury and neurodegenerative diseases
- Key facts of methylmercury exposure
- Summary points
- Chapter 21. Alcohol and the aging brain: increased alcohol sensitivity potentially magnifying oxidative stress
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Increased alcohol sensitivity across the lifespan
- Alcohol-induced cognitive impairments
- Chronic alcohol exposure in aged animals
- Alcohol exposure during adolescence can persist into late life
- Alcohol negatively affects pathways associated with aging
- Alcohol alters the rate of cognitive decline
- Revisiting alcohol’s effects on mortality
- Concluding remarks
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of alcohol and aging
- Part III. Biomarkers and diagnosis
- Chapter 22. Brain aging: radiological biomarkers
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Postmitotic nature of the brain
- Brain atrophy
- Gray matter
- White matter
- The hippocampus
- Vascular aging
- Iron accumulation
- MR spectroscopy
- Progress to MCI and AD
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of aging brain
- Summary points
- Chapter 23. ADAM10 as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Aging, Alzheimer’s disease characteristics, and epidemiology
- Alzheimer’s disease pathological hallmarks
- Biomarkers in CSF and blood
- ADAM10 structure and functions
- ADAM10 levels and activity
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers
- Summary points
- Chapter 24. Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers of health in elderly individuals
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Summary
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 25. DHEA as a biomarker of aging in humans and nonhuman primates: synthesis, neuroprotection, and cognitive function
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Intracrine conversion of DHEA to sex steroid hormones
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 26. Evaluation of subjective memory abilities in elderly people
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Correlates of SMC
- The Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire (MIA)
- Conclusions
- Application to other areas of aging
- Key facts of subjective memory abilities
- Summary points
- Chapter 27. The functional activities questionnaire: applications to aging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Psychometric description of FAQ
- Applications of FAQ to healthy aging
- Applications of FAQ to abnormal aging
- FAQ: applications to other areas of aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 28. Autobiographical memory as a diagnostic tool in aging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Temporal distribution of autobiographical memory throughout the life cycle
- Comparison of autobiographical memory in healthy older adults, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease
- Autobiographical memory evaluation
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of autobiographical memory
- Summary points
- Chapter 29. Assessment tools for subjective memory abilities in elderly people
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- The memory functioning questionnaire (MFQ)
- The everyday memory questionnaire (EMQ)
- The memory complaint questionnaire (MAC-Q)
- Conclusions
- Application to other areas of aging
- Key facts of subjective memory questionnaires
- Summary points
- Chapter 30. The Knowledge of Memory Aging Questionnaire
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Memory aging
- Measuring memory aging knowledge: the KMAQ
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Educational efforts
- Conclusion
- Summary points
- Part IV. Management and treatments
- Chapter 31. Pharmacological use of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel agonists in neurological disease and aging: effects on swallowing and implications for nutrition
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Transient receptor potential channel family
- Chemical and pharmacological sensory stimulation treatments
- The future of sensory stimulation treatment
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of oropharyngeal dysphagia
- Summary points
- Chapter 32. Aripiprazole: features and use in the aged
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Clinical pharmacokinetics
- Uses of aripiprazole
- Safety issues
- The problem of the use of the term “month” on pharmacotherapy
- Aripiprazole as a hazard for the environment
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts about antipsychotic use in dementia
- Summary points
- Chapter 33. Cognition-enhancing drugs and applications to aging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Concluding remarks
- Key facts of cognition enhancing drugs
- Summary points
- Chapter 34. Creatine supplementation in the aging brain
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Creatine in brain
- Aging brain
- Effect of creatine supplementation on cognitive function
- Neurodegenerative conditions
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of creatine in aging brain
- Summary points
- Chapter 35. Photobiomodulation as a brain-boosting strategy in aging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Behavioral outcomes
- PBM in the aging brain: human studies
- Conclusions and future outlook
- Summary points
- Chapter 36. Innovations in deep brain stimulation in aging: a focus on Parkinson disease
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Conclusion
- Key facts
- Summary points
- Chapter 37. Exergames: what they are and how they can be used to successful aging?
- Introduction
- Historical exergame aspects
- The role of exergames on aging
- Exergames and mental health perspectives
- Exergames effects on institutionalized elderly
- Exergames use by the institutionalized elderly
- Neurobiological exergames hypotheses: from biomarkers to functional status
- Musculoskeletal and immune system biological mechanisms
- Conclusions
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 38. Linking cognitive decline and ballroom dance as a therapeutic intervention in the elderly
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of ballroom dance
- Summary points
- Chapter 39. Training the functionality of daily life. A new neuroscientific paradigm of cognitive training
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- A new neuroscientific paradigm of the evaluation of everyday life
- “Staying activities” versus “staying sharp” to preserve long-term functional autonomy in adulthood
- Conclusion
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of functionally autonomy
- Summary points
- Chapter 40. Integrated medical and psychiatric self-management smartphone technologies for older adults with serious mental illness
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Integrated self-management interventions for older adults with serious mental illness
- User-centered design with older adults with SMI
- Summary points
- Chapter 41. Psychosocial interventions for suicide prevention in the elderly: advances and future directions
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Epidemiology and characteristics of late-life suicide
- Factors associated with suicide in late life
- Psychosocial interventions for suicide prevention
- Future directions and advances
- Key facts of Suicide
- Key facts of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Summary points
- Part V. Models and modelling
- Chapter 42. d-galactose-induced aging and brain mitochondria
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- D-gal-induced brain aging
- Other mechanisms
- Conclusion and future directions
- Key facts of aging
- Key facts of d-galactose
- Summary points
- Chapter 43. Drosophila models of neuronal aging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of Drosophila
- Summary points
- Chapter 44. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) and its uses for understanding the neuroscience of aging: applications and observation
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Neurobehavioral phenotypes
- Cellular and molecular alterations in the aged brain
- Antiaging interventions: genetic and nongenetic
- Zebrafish aging and neurodegenerative disease models
- Conclusion
- Key facts of zebrafish as a model of aging
- Summary points
- Chapter 45. Murine models of tauopathies: a platform to study neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Invertebrate models
- What have the models told us so far, and what lies ahead?
- Application to other areas of aging
- Key facts about tauopathies
- Summary points
- Chapter 46. Modeling nutrition and brain aging in rodents
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- The geometric framework
- Conclusions
- Key facts of modeling nutrition and brain aging in rodents
- Summary points
- Chapter 47. Nonhuman primates as models for aging and Alzheimer’s disease
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction
- Gene expression
- Volumetric atrophy and cellular changes
- Volumetric atrophy and cell loss
- Conclusions
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of nonhuman primate models
- Summary points
- Chapter 48. Linking aging and animal models to neurodegeneration: the striatum, substantia nigra, and Parkinson’s disease
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Introduction to Parkinson’s disease (PD)
- Factors that contribute to PD
- Animal models of PD
- Conclusion and perspectives
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of Parkinson’s disease models
- Summary points
- Chapter 49. Behavioral evaluation of aging in experimental animals
- Mini-dictionary of terms
- Why evaluating behavioral aging in animal models: short-living animals for long-term conclusions
- Behavioral analyses of aging in inbred mice
- Longevity-associated mice models
- Senescence-associated mice models and their behavior
- Avoiding bias in behavioral assessment: why strain and sex matter?
- Critical checkpoints in a behavioral evaluation of the aging process: time and order
- Applications to other areas of aging
- Key facts of animal models for anxiety and depression
- Summary points
- Part VI. Resources
- Chapter 50. Recommended resources on the neuroscience of aging
- Introduction
- Resources
- Summary points
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: June 1, 2021
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 606
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780128180006
- eBook ISBN: 9780128180013
CM
Colin R. Martin
VP
Victor R Preedy
RR
Rajkumar Rajendram
Dr Rajkumar Rajendram is a clinician scientist with a focus on internal medicine, anaesthesia, intensive care and peri-operative medicine. He graduated with distinctions from Guy’s, King’s and St. Thomas Medical School, King’s College London in 2001. As an undergraduate he was awarded several prizes, merits and distinctions in pre-clinical and clinical subjects.
Dr Rajendram began his post-graduate medical training in general medicine and intensive care in Oxford. He attained membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP) in 2004 and completed specialist training in acute and general medicine in Oxford in 2010. Dr Rajendram subsequently practiced as a Consultant in Acute General Medicine at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.
Dr Rajendram also trained in anaesthesia and intensive care in London and was awarded a fellowship of the Royal College of Anaesthetists (FRCA) in 2009. He completed advanced training in regional anaesthesia and intensive care. He was awarded a fellowship of the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FFICM) in 2013 and obtained the European diploma of intensive care medicine (EDIC) in 2014. He then moved to the Royal Free London Hospitals as a Consultant in Intensive Care, Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine. He has been a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (FRCP Edin) and the Royal College of Physicians of London (FRCP Lond) since 2017 and 2019 respectively. He is currently a Consultant in Internal Medicine at King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Heath Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Dr Rajendram’s focus on improving outcomes from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has involved research on point of care ultrasound and phenotypes of COVID-19. Dr Rajendram also recognises that nutritional support is a fundamental aspect of medical care. This is particularly important for patients with COVID-19. As a clinician scientist he has therefore devoted significant time and effort into nutritional science research and education. He is an affiliated member of the Nutritional Sciences Research Division of King’s College London and has published over 400 textbook chapters, review articles, peer-reviewed papers and abstracts.