Aquatic Biomes

Global Biome Conservation and Global Warming Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity

1st Edition - March 28, 2025
Imprint: Academic Press
Editor: Germano Leão Demolin-Leite
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 7 2 6 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 7 2 5 - 7

Aquatic Biomes: Global Biome Conservation and Global Warming Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity explores the effects of anthropogenic activities on Earth’s aquatic biomes, spec… Read more

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Aquatic Biomes: Global Biome Conservation and Global Warming Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity explores the effects of anthropogenic activities on Earth’s aquatic biomes, species, and climate. It summarizes operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or recover aquatic biomes at global scale. Written by international experts in ecology and biodiversity conservation, this book identifies the challenges and threats to aquatic organisms and connects them to real cases of conservation.

Aquatic Biomes: Global Biome Conservation and Global Warming Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity is an important resource for students, professors, researchers, governmental and non-governmental organizations active in biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation seeking guidance on the best practices for aquatic biome conservation.

Aquatic Biomes
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Book phrase
Introduction
Section A: Freshwater
Chapter 1 Impacts on fish and microbial communities occurring in the Amazon River Basin
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Climate change in Amazonia
4 The vulnerability of Amazonian freshwater ecosystems
5 How vulnerable are Amazonian freshwater fishes to ongoing climate change?
6 Implications of hydrological variations on the carbon cycle in Amazonian floodplain
7 Insights into fungal communities in the Amazon River Basin
8 Prospective scenarios of fungal response to climate change
9 Conclusions or perspectives
References
Chapter 2 The Danube River
Abstract
Outlook
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity
4 Human activities and their impacts
5 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover the biome
7 Conclusions or perspectives
References
Chapter 3 Linking water information systems for the preservation of hydrological resources in the Jamapa River Basin in Mexico
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
1.1 Integral management of water resources and basins
1.2 Water resources governance
1.3 Objective of the chapter and methodological approach
2 Geographic location
3 Preservation areas, biodiversity, and their ecological indicators
4 Human activities and their impact
5 Operational and potential monitoring tools for the preservation or recovery of the basin
5.1 Data and information generation for the monitoring of hydrological resources
5.2 Use of the information
6 Conclusions
7 Outlook—Next steps
References
Chapter 4 Phytoplankton and zooplankton of the Darling-Baaka River Australia: Taxa and possible responses to climate change
Abstract
Keywords
1 The Darling-Baaka River
2 Environmental issues in the Darling-Baaka River
3 Water quality in the Darling-Baaka River upstream of Menindee
4 Phytoplankton of the Darling-Baaka River
5 Drivers of phytoplankton taxa
6 Zooplankton of the Darling-Baaka River
6.1 Community structure of zooplankton
6.2 Community structure of zooplankton in relation to flooding and river restoration
7 Possible future climate change impacts
References
Chapter 5 The Nile River
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity
4 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
5 Human activities and their impacts
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover the biome
References
Chapter 6 Ecological resources of Indus River, impact of human activities and their conservation
Abstract
Outlook
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity
3.1 Flora of river Indus
3.2 Fauna
4 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
4.1 Indus River dolphin reserve
4.2 Ramsar sites
4.3 Protected forest areas
4.4 Wildlife refuge and national parks
4.5 Riverine protected areas
5 Human activities and their impacts
5.1 Irrigation and agriculture
5.2 Impacts
5.3 Negative impacts
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or recover the biome
6.1 Water quality monitoring
6.2 Ecological surveys
6.3 Remote sensing and GIS
6.4 Hydrological monitoring
6.5 Community-oriented monitoring
6.6 Analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA)
6.7 Initiatives of citizen science
6.8 Scenario analysis and modeling
7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 Rangkul-Shorkul lake system (Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan)
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity
3.1 Microorganisms
3.2 Vegetation
3.3 Animals
4 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
5 Human activities and their impacts
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover the biome
References
Chapter 8 The uniqueness of the biome at Lake Ledulu in the Rote Dead Sea area Indonesia
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geoforensics of the formation of Lake Ledulu
3 Topography, bathymetry, and horizontal profile of Lake Ledulu
4 History of Lake Ledulu and landowner
5 Plant species in lake Ledulu ecosystem
5.1 Higher plant
5.2 Aquatic plant
6 Herpetofauna and birds in the Lake Ledulu area
7 Rote turtles protection status in Lake Ledulu
8 Water quality of Lake Ledulu for Rote turtles reintroduction opportunities
References
Chapter 9 Changing biodiversity in Lake Balaton—A long-term, catchment-scale perspective
Abstract
Outlook
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geography, climate, and limnology
3 Catchment processes
3.1 Land use and diffuse pollution
3.2 The stream network
3.3 Wetlands and shoreline development
3.4 The Kis-Balaton
4 Lake Balaton
4.1 Eutrophication and recovery
4.2 Climate sensitivity
4.3 Biodiversity of the phytoplankton
4.4 Biodiversity of the fauna
5 The institutional framework of biodiversity conservation
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10 Lake Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico: A lake under threat
Abstract
Keywords
1 Physical characteristics and geologic dimensions
2 Human history around the lake
3 Economic development throughout the region
4 Indigenous communities
5 Challenges facing the lake
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11 Lake Titicaca
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity
3.1 Vegetative zones
3.2 Zoological diversity
4 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
4.1 Reserva Nacional del Titicaca
4.2 Community conservation
5 Human activities and their impacts
5.1 Fisheries
5.2 Pisciculture
5.3 Use of Totora
5.4 Agriculture
5.5 Mining
5.6 Tourism
5.7 Climate change
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or recover the biome
6.1 Present monitoring efforts
6.2 Key knowledge gaps
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12 Lake Victoria
Abstract
Keywords
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity
3.1 Fish
3.2 Decapod crustaceans
3.3 Mollusks
3.4 Dragonflies
3.5 Aquatic invertebrates
3.6 Nonfish vertebrates
3.7 Freshwater plants (macrophytes)
4 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
4.1 Important bird areas (IBAs) and satellite lakes
4.2 Fish
4.3 Decapod crustaceans
4.4 Mollusks
4.5 Dragonflies
4.6 Freshwater plants (Macrophytes)
5 Human activities and their impacts
5.1 Agricultural expansion and subsequent sedimentation
5.2 Dams and water management
5.3 Loss and degradation of habitat
5.4 Overharvesting
5.5 Pollution
5.6 Climate change
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or to recover Lake Victoria
6.1 Operational approaches
6.2 Monitoring tools
7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 Macquarie Marshes, Australia: Aquatic ecosystem function and microbial biodiversity
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location and hydrogeomorphic conditions
3 Microbial biodiversity
3.1 Present biodiversity
3.2 Past biodiversity
4 Climate, weather conditions, human activities, and their impacts
5 Perspectives
References
Chapter 14 Danube Delta wetland
Abstract
Keywords
1 Introduction
2 Genesis
3 Biodiversity
4 Human impact
4.1 Climate change impact
4.2 Human impact in the Danube River catchment
4.3 Human impact within the delta itself
5 Conservation and reconstruction
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 15 The Grijalva-Usumacinta floodplain: Historical ecology of a wetland under long-term human use and large climatic variability
Abstract
Keywords
1 Introduction
2 Landscape evolution
3 Human adaptations and impact on aquatic ecosystems
3.1 Precolonial times
3.2 Colonial times
3.3 The 20th century utopia to harness the environment and its ecological consequences
4 What are the scenarios in the context of global warming?
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 16 Effect of environmental and spatial factors on the limnological dynamics of temporary habitats in the Pantanal wetland
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Material and methods
2.1 Study area
2.2 Sampling procedures
2.3 Data analysis
3 Results
3.1 Environmental characteristics of floodplain
3.2 Water temperature
3.3 Dissolved oxygen
3.4 Electrical conductivity
3.5 pH
4 Discussion
4.1 Water temperature
4.2 Dissolved oxygen
4.3 Electrical conductivity
4.4 pH
4.5 The relative contribution of environmental and spatial factors
5 Conclusions
References
Section B: Marine
Chapter 17 Mangrove estuaries in the tropical southwestern Atlantic
Abstract
Outlook
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity (plankton, nekton, and benthos)
3.1 Flora
3.2 Fauna
4 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
5 Human activities and their impacts
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or recover the estuarine biome
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 18 Brazilian’s coastal ecosystems: Human impacts and sustainability
Abstract
Outlook
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Most impacted ecosystems and biodiversity of Brazilian marine coast
2.1 Estuaries
2.2 Mangroves
2.3 Coral reefs
3 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
4 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve the ecosystem
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 19 Atlantic Ocean
Abstract
Keywords
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Biodiversity
3.1 Exploitation of marine biodiversity in the Atlantic Ocean
4 Conservation areas and their ecological indicators
5 Human activities and their impacts
6 Operational and potential monitoring tools to conserve or recover the biome
7 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 20 Challenges and strategies for conserving and managing the Indian Ocean for a sustainable blue economy: A case study approach
Abstract
Keywords
1 Introduction
2 Case study 1: Spatiotemporal distribution of large-scale fisheries in the Indian Ocean
3 Case study 2: Distribution of marine species in the Indian Ocean
3.1 Threats to marine species
4 Case study 3a: Current conservation efforts
5 Challenges in conservation
6 Improving management effectiveness of MPAs
7 Case study 3b: Role of regional cooperation in enhancing conservation efforts: The case of WIO Indian Ocean marine protected areas management network (WIOMPAN)
8 Case study 4: Spatial-temporal trends in bleaching events in the Indian Ocean: A case study using the coral reef watch data
9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 21 The Southern Ocean pelagic ecosystems around the Antarctic Peninsula
Abstract
Keywords
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
2 Geographic location
3 Antarctic marine ecosystems and biodiversity around the Antarctic Peninsula
3.1 Microbial communities and phytoplankton
3.2 Zooplankton
3.3 Cephalopods
3.4 Fish
3.5 Seabirds
3.6 Marine mammals
4 Human activities and their impacts
4.1 Chemical pollution
4.2 Research stations and activities
4.3 Tourism
4.4 Nonindigenous species and diseases
4.5 Sealing and whaling
4.6 Fisheries
4.7 Climate change
5 Ecological indicators of change
6 Monitoring tools
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 22 The Arctic Ocean
Abstract
Keywords
1 Introduction
2 Case study 1: The borealization of the Barents Sea
3 Case study 2: Ecological changes in the Pacific Arctic
4 Case study 3: Beluga harvesting and protection in the Eastern Beaufort Sea
5 Case study 4: The ongoing debates in the Saltstraumen marine reserve
6 Concluding remarks
References
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Aquatic Biomes

Global Biome Conservation and Global Warming Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity

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Germano Leão Demolin-Leite

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