Anderson’s Pediatric Cardiology
- 4th Edition - April 29, 2019
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Editors: Robert H. Anderson, Gil Wernovsky, Kumar Krishna, Andrew Redington, James S. Tweddell, Justin Tretter
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 7 0 2 0 - 7 6 0 8 - 4
As a leading reference on pediatric cardiology and congenital heart disease, Anderson's Pediatric Cardiology provides exhaustive coverage of potential pediatric cardiovascular a… Read more
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Request a sales quoteAs a leading reference on pediatric cardiology and congenital heart disease, Anderson's Pediatric Cardiology provides exhaustive coverage of potential pediatric cardiovascular anomalies, potential sequelae related to these anomalies, comorbidities and neurodevelopmental problems, and current methods for management and treatment. The fully revised 4th Edition addresses significant and ongoing changes in practice, including recent developments in fetal, neonatal, and adult congenital heart conditions as well as expanded content on intensive care, nursing issues, and societal implications. The outstanding illustration program provides superb visual guidance and is now supplemented with a remarkable collection of more than 350 professionally curated imaging and intra-operative surgical videos.
- Offers authoritative, long-term coverage of a broad spectrum of cardiology conditions, including congenital heart disease, adult congenital heart disease (ACHD), acquired heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and rhythm disturbances.
- Features exquisite specimen images by Dr. Robert Anderson and Diane Spicer dissected in easily recognizable analogous imaging planes. These are included in the over 850 anatomic, photographic, imaging, and algorithmic figures, and incorporate new images using virtual dissections of 3D datasets obtained in living patients.
- An extensive new section describing the non-cardiac consequences of congenital cardiac disease and other related issues Outside the Heart, including new chapters on quality improvement in congenital cardiac disease, models of care delivery, neurocognitive assessment and outcomes, psychosocial issues for patients and families, ethics, nursing implications, acute and chronic renal complications, and telemedicine.
- Three entirely new, expanded sections on the Functionally Univentricular Heart, Fetal Congenital Cardiac Disease, and Heart Failure and Transplantation.
- Provides a new focus on patient and family-centered care with expert advice on how to communicate difficult diagnoses to patients and families.
- Features new integration of nursing content into all disease-specific chapters, as well as updated content on genetics, congenital heart disease and follow-up, and new imaging modalities.
- Contains chapters on new and emerging topics such as MRI and Quantifying the Fetal Circulation in Congenital Cardiac Disease; Congenital Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries; and The Global Burden of Pediatric Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiac Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
- Shares the experience and knowledge of an international team of multidisciplinary experts in medicine and advanced practice nursing.
- Expert Consult™ eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, tables and figures from the book on a variety of devices.
- Cover image
- Title Page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Foreword
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Heart University
- Practice Update
- Contributors
- Video Contents
- Section 1 Structural and Functional Development
- 1 Terminology
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Basic Concepts of Sequential Segmental Analysis
- Atrial Arrangement
- Recognition of Atrial Arrangement
- Atrioventricular Junctions
- Patterns of Union or Nonunion of the Atrial and Ventricular Chambers
- Arrangements of the Atrioventricular Valves
- Ventricular Topology and Relationships
- Ventriculoarterial Junctions
- Associated Malformations
- Annotated References
- References
- 2 Anatomy
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Heart Within the Chest
- Valves of the Heart
- Fibrous Skeleton
- Conduction Tissues
- Blood Supply to the Heart
- Annotated References
- References
- 3 Embryology of the Heart
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Origin of the Heart Tube
- Formation of the Cardiac Loop
- Cardiac Segments
- Development of the Venous Components
- Septation of the Atrial Chambers
- Atrioventricular Canal
- Further Development of the Ventricular Loop
- Outlet Segment
- Formation of Valves
- Conduction System
- Myocardial Vascularization and Formation of the Ventricular Walls
- Summary and Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- 4 Etiology of Congenital Cardiac Disease*
- Abstract
- Epidemiology of Heart Disease: Genes Versus Environment
- Cardiac Development: Key Concepts
- Single Gene Defects
- New Genetics of Congenital Heart Disease
- Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- 5 Myocardium and Development
- Abstract
- Early Myocardial Development
- Major Cell Types in the Heart
- Cardiac Regeneration
- Cardiomyocyte Development and Maintenance: From the Inside Out
- Contractility and Development-Specialized Machinery of the Cardiomyocyte
- Integration of Myocardial Cell Biology With Human Disease
- Annotated References
- References
- 6 Physiology of the Developing Heart
- Introduction
- Embryonic Circulation
- Autonomic Control
- Biophysical Properties of Fetal Myocardium
- Protein Components
- Fetoplacental Circulation
- Maturational Changes in the Early Fetal Heart
- Physiology of the Fetal Circulation in Health and Disease
- Functional Analysis of the Fetal Heart
- Global Cardiac Function
- Characteristic Circulatory Abnormalities in Pathologic Pregnancies
- Measurement of Fetal Volume Blood Flow
- Fetal Vascular Physiology
- Ventriculovascular Coupling
- Vascular Programming
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- Section 2 Prenatal Congenital Heart Disease
- 7 Magnetic Resonance Assessment of the Fetal Circulation in Congenital Heart Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Normal Fetal Circulatory Physiology
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques for Assessing Fetal Circulatory Physiology
- Cine Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Flow Quantification
- Magnetic Resonance Oximetry
- Fetal Hemodynamic Assessment
- Normal Late-Gestation Human Fetal Circulation by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Human Fetal Circulatory Adaptation to Hypoxia
- Circulatory Patterns in Fetal Congenital Heart Disease
- Congenital Heart Disease: Hemodynamic Consequences
- Fetal Hemodynamics and Brain Growth and Development
- Fetal Hemodynamics and Lung Development
- Conclusion
- Annotated References
- References
- 8 Imaging and Quantifying the Fetal Circulation in Congenital Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Screening With Fetal Echocardiography
- Timing of Fetal Echocardiography
- Modalities for Imaging
- Important Prenatal Imaging Features in Different Types of Congenital Heart Disease
- Postnatal Outcomes
- Annotated References
- References
- 9 Pharmacologic Intervention in the Fetus
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Antiarrhythmic Fetal Treatment
- Antiinflammatory Fetal Treatment
- Heart Failure Treatment
- Supplementary Oxygenation
- References
- 10 Percutaneous Intervention in the Fetus, Including Postnatal Management
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Severe Midgestation Aortic Stenosis With Evolving Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
- Pulmonary Atresia With Intact Ventricular Septum and Evolving Hypoplastic Right Heart Syndrome (See Also Chapter 43)
- Established Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome With Intact or Highly Restrictive Atrial Septum
- Future Directions
- Annotated References
- References
- 11 The Placenta in Congenital Heart Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Normal Placental Development
- Mechanisms and Conditions of Placental Dysfunction
- Placenta in Congenital Heart Disease
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 12 Optimizing Prenatal Support of the Mother and Family
- Abstract
- Psychological Impact of a Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease
- What Information Do Parents Want?
- How Physicians Relay Information Impacts What Is Heard and Understood by Parents
- Counselor Self-Awareness Is Required to Limit Bias
- Supporting Families—Practical Considerations
- Timing of Information Presented to Parents
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- Section 3 General Topics
- 13 Prevalence of Congenital Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Definitions
- Relevance
- Critical Appraisal
- Factors Influencing Estimates of Prevalence
- Reported Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease
- Adults With Congenitally Malformed Hearts
- Annotated References
- References
- 14 Economic Implications of Congenital Heart Disease in Developed Countries*
- Abstract
- Medical Costs
- Costs to Patients, Families, and Society (See Also Box 14.1)
- Nonfinancial Costs
- Annotated References
- References
- 15 Prematurity and Cardiac Disease
- Transitioning Circulation
- Physiology of the Postnatal Transition
- Initial Resuscitation of the Extremely Premature Neonate
- Regulation of Myocardial Performance
- Hemodynamic Assessment and Monitoring
- Cardiovascular Problems Unique to the Preterm Infant
- Congenitally Malformed Hearts and Prematurity
- Focused Neonatal Care
- Nursing Considerations
- Intraoperative and Surgical Considerations
- Annotated References
- References
- 16 Surgical Techniques
- Abstract
- Surgical Approaches to the Heart
- Materials
- Strategies for Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Perfusion
- Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- 17 Diagnostic Catheterization, Including Adults With Congenital Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Historical Background
- Preprocedure Considerations
- Diagnostic Catheterization Recommendations
- Potential Adverse Events
- Safety and Quality Control
- Premedication, Sedation, and Anesthesia
- Vascular Access
- Catheters, Wires, Equipment,
- Hemodynamic Variables
- Angiographic Evaluation
- Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization: Anatomic Approach
- Annotated References
- References
- 18 Interventional Techniques
- Historical Background
- Principles of Catheterization
- Interventional Catheterization Procedures
- Intracardiac Interventions
- Extracardiac Interventions
- Interventions on Surgical and Other Naturally Occurring Abnormal Pathways
- Hybrid Procedures: Collaboration Between the Surgeon and the Interventionist
- Complications of Interventional Catheterization
- Annotated References
- References
- 19 Cross-Sectional Echocardiography and Doppler Imaging
- Abstract
- Physical Principles of Ultrasonic Imaging
- Image Optimization
- Storage and Reporting of the Images Created
- Normal Cardiac Anatomy
- Special Uses of Echocardiography
- Application of the Bernoulli Equation in Clinical Practice
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 20 Three-Dimensional Echocardiography
- Abstract
- Introduction
- History of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography
- Advances in Technology
- Practical Considerations in Pediatrics
- Acquisition of Images
- Principles for Acquisition of Images
- Display and Orientation of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Images
- Clinical Applications in Patients With Congenitally Malformed Hearts
- Learning Curve
- Future Directions
- Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- 21 Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
- Cardiac Computed Tomography
- Conclusion
- Annotated References
- References
- 22 Electrophysiology, Pacing, and Defibrillation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Bradyarrhythmias
- Syncope
- Tachyarrhythmias
- Supraventricular Arrhythmias
- Ventricular Arrhythmias
- Channelopathies
- Arrhythmias in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease
- Electrophysiologic Testing
- Pacemakers and Defibrillators
- Implantable Cardioverter/Defibrillators
- Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
- Pacemaker Function and Follow-up
- Arrhythmias Following Congenital Heart Disease Surgery
- Annotated References
- References
- 23 Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing
- Abstract
- Basic Exercise Physiology
- Cellular Metabolism
- Heart and Lung as Service Organs
- Distribution of Blood Flow
- Surrogates of Cardiac Output
- Oxygen Pulse
- Pulmonary Response to Exercise
- Laboratory Requirements
- Equipment
- Indications for Exercise Testing
- Data Obtained During Exercise Testing
- Contraindications and Reasons to Terminate Exercise Tests
- Conditions Where Exercise Testing Is of Value
- Annotated References
- References
- 24 Pediatric Cardiovascular Data, Analysis, and Critical Appraisal of the Literature
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Data
- Measurement and Description of Data
- Analysis of Data
- Research Study Design
- Critical Appraisal of the Literature
- Annotated References
- References
- 25 Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Youth
- Abstract
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors
- Nursing Implications
- Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- Section 4 Specific Lesions
- 26 Isomerism of the Atrial Appendages
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Historical Notes and Definitions
- Survival
- Cardiac Anatomy
- Functional Cardiac Abnormalities
- Surgical Considerations
- Extracardiac Anomalies
- Imaging Considerations
- Ciliary Dysfunction
- Isomerism and Conjoined Twinning
- Morphogenesis
- Genetics
- Clinical Considerations
- Annotated References
- References
- 27 Anomalous Systemic Venous Return
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Morphogenesis of the Systemic Venous System
- Systemic Venous Anomalies
- Diagnosis
- Management
- Annotated References
- References
- 28 Pulmonary Venous Abnormalities
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Totally Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
- Atresia of the Common Pulmonary Vein
- Unilateral Pulmonary Venous Atresia
- Partially Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
- Anomalous Pulmonary-to-Systemic Collateral Veins and the Levoatrial Cardinal Vein
- Stenosis or Atresia of Individual Pulmonary Veins
- Pulmonary Varix
- Annotated References
- References
- 29 Interatrial Communications
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Incidence
- Etiology
- Morphology and Classification
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Findings
- Investigations and Diagnosis
- Course and Prognosis
- Management
- Annotated References
- References
- 30 Division of Atrial Chambers (“Cor Triatriatum”)
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Divided Morphologically Left Atrium
- Division of the Morphologically Right Atrium (Video 30.1)
- Annotated References
- References
- 31 Atrioventricular Septal Defects
- Abstract
- Prevalence and Etiology
- Anatomy
- Pathophysiology
- Presentation and Symptomatology
- Clinical Findings
- Investigations
- Natural History
- Treatment
- Annotated References
- References
- 32 Ventricular Septal Defect
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Prevalence
- Morphology and Morphogenesis
- Features Requiring Description
- Morphogenesis
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Features
- Investigations
- Diagnosis
- Course and Prognosis
- Management
- Annotated References
- References
- 33 Diseases of the Tricuspid Valve
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Ebstein Malformation
- Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects of Ebstein Malformation
- Other Tricuspid Valvar Abnormalities
- Acknowledgments
- Annotated References
- References
- 34 Diseases of the Mitral Valve
- Abstract
- Morphogenesis of the Mitral Valve
- Morphology
- Incidence and Etiology
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Presentation and Symptomatology
- Investigations
- Differential Diagnosis
- Course and Prognosis
- Functional Classification of Mitral Valve Diseases
- Medical Management
- Surgical Management
- Annotated References
- References
- 35 Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Incidence, Prevalence, and Etiology
- Anatomy and Morphogenesis
- Recommendations for Long-Term Follow-up
- Nursing Considerations
- Annotated References
- References
- 36 Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Atresia
- Abstract
- Introduction: Morphology
- Introduction: Evaluation and Management
- Annotated References
- References
- 37 Transposition
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Historical Background
- Prevalence and Etiology
- Genetics
- Anatomy and Morphogenesis
- Morphogenesis
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Diagnosis
- Medical Management of Neonates
- Surgical Management
- Long-Term Surgical Outcomes
- Recommendations for Long-Term Follow-Up
- Annotated References
- References
- 38 Congenitally Corrected Transposition
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Anatomy and Morphogenesis
- Incidence and Etiology
- Clinical Presentation
- Investigations
- Management
- Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- 39 Double-Outlet Ventricle
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Historical Considerations
- Epidemiology
- Morphology and Classification
- Morphogenesis
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical Findings
- Differential Diagnosis
- Preoperative Management
- Surgical Approach
- Postoperative Management
- Outcome
- Annotated References
- References
- 40 Common Arterial Trunk
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Incidence
- Anatomy
- Morphogenesis
- Diagnostic Features
- Radiologic Features
- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Computerized Tomographic Imaging
- Cardiac Catheterization and Angiocardiography
- Surgical Treatment
- Outcomes After Surgery
- Recommendations for Long-Term Follow-up
- Annotated References
- References
- 41 Arterial Duct
- Abstract
- Historical Considerations
- Nomenclature
- Normal Fetal Circulation
- Embryology and Pathogenesis
- Anatomy
- Annotated References
- References
- 42 Pulmonary Stenosis
- Abstract
- Incidence and Associated Anomalies
- Morphology and Embryology
- Clinical Diagnosis
- Hemodynamics and Physiology
- Therapeutic Options
- Outcomes of Intervention
- Recommendations for Long-Term Follow-up
- Implications in Adult Life
- Annotated References
- References
- 43 Pulmonary Atresia With Intact Ventricular Septum
- Abstract
- Genetics, Embryogenesis, and Incidence
- Morphogenesis and Etiology
- Morphology
- Clinical Diagnosis
- Physical Findings
- Investigations
- Hemodynamics and Physiology
- Therapeutic Options
- Long-Term Outcome
- Annotated References
- References
- 44 Congenital Anomalies of the Aortic Valve and Left Ventricular Outflow Tract
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Morphology
- Morphogenesis
- Valvar Aortic Stenosis
- Aortic Regurgitation
- Aortic–Left Ventricular Tunnel
- Supravalvar Aortic Stenosis
- Subvalvar Aortic Stenosis
- Annotated References
- References
- 45 Coarctation and Interrupted Aortic Arch
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Historical Considerations
- Prevalence and Etiology
- Morphology
- Course and Prognosis
- Management
- Strategies for Surgical Treatment
- Early Complications
- Late Complications
- Annotated References
- References
- 46 Congenital Coronary Anomalies
- Abstract
- Anatomy and Development
- Fistulous Connections
- Developmental Considerations
- Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Trunk or Bland-White-Garland Syndrome
- Anomalous Right Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Trunk
- Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery
- Single Coronary Arteries
- Coronary Orificial Atresia
- Annotated References
- References
- 47 Vascular Rings, Pulmonary Arterial Sling, and Related Conditions
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Anomalies of the Aortic Arch
- Hypothetical Model of the Double Aortic Arch
- Classification
- Morphology and Morphogenesis of Individual Anomalies
- Incidence, Genetics, and Association With Anomalies
- Clinical Findings
- Diagnostic Investigations
- Pulmonary Arterial Sling
- Clinical Manifestations
- Diagnostic Investigation
- Management of Anomalies Causing Tracheal and Esophageal Compression
- Pulmonary Artery Sling and Innominate Artery Compression Syndrome
- Vascular Compression of the Airway Without Vascular Ring or Sling
- Annotated References
- References
- 48 Artery of the Fifth Aortic Arch
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Development of the Pharyngeal Arch Arteries–
- Candidates for Persistent Fifth Aortic Arch Arteries
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- Annotated References
- References
- 49 Abnormal Positions and Relationships of the Heart
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Exteriorization of the Heart (Ectopia Cordis)
- Congenital Deficiency of the Pericardium
- Conjoined Twins
- Abnormal Positioning of the Heart
- Juxtaposition of the Atrial Appendages
- Criss-Cross or Twisted Hearts, Superoinferior Ventricles, and Related Conditions
- Annotated References
- References
- 50 Arteriovenous Communications
- Abstract
- Hepatic Hemangioma
- Systemic Arteriovenous Malformations and Arteriovenous Fistulas
- Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations
- Coronary Artery Fistulas
- Annotated References
- References
- 51 Other Malformations of the Ventricular Outflow Tracts
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Anatomy of the Intrapericardial Outflow Tracts
- Normal Development of the Outflow Tracts
- Clinical Features
- Investigations
- Management
- Clinical Features
- Management
- Aortoventricular Tunnels
- Clinical Features
- Investigations
- Management
- Aneurysms of the Sinuses of Valsalva
- Clinical Manifestations
- Investigations
- Management
- Triple Outlets From the Cardiac Base
- Annotated References
- References
- 52 Cardiac Tumors
- Abstract
- Definitions
- Clinical Signs and Symptoms
- Physical Examination
- Investigations
- Types of Tumor
- Surgical Therapy
- Other Treatments
- Annotated References
- References
- 53 Kawasaki Disease
- Abstract
- Epidemiology
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Pathology
- Clinical Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Nursing Care of the Patient With Kawasaki Disease
- Recommendations for Long-Term Follow-up
- Implications in Adult Life
- Annotated References
- References
- 54 Acute Rheumatic Fever
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Historical Background
- Epidemiology
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Streptococcus and Its Antigens
- Human Host
- Morphology of the Acute Cardiac and Extracardiac Lesions
- Diagnosis
- Laboratory Investigations
- Management
- Prevention
- Acknowledgment
- Annotated References
- References
- 55 Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Abstract
- Background and Epidemiology
- Pathogenesis of Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Diagnostic Criteria for Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Disease Progression
- Clinical Assessment
- Echocardiography and Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Complications of Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Medical Management of Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Percutaneous Strategies for Mitral and Aortic Valve Disease
- Surgery for Rheumatic Valve Disease
- Early Detection: Echocardiographic Screening
- Establishing Centers for Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Annotated References
- References
- 56 Infective Endocarditis
- Abstract
- Incidence of Pediatric Infective Endocarditis
- Mortality Risk
- Cost of Management
- Epidemiology
- Classification
- Clinical Manifestations
- Imaging
- Diagnosis
- Pathogenesis
- Microbiology
- Annotated References
- References
- 57 Pericardial Diseases in Children
- Abstract
- Pericarditis
- Recurrent Pericarditis
- Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Tamponade
- Specific Pericardial Diseases
- Pericardial Constriction
- Pericardial Effusion or Constriction With Congenital Heart Disease
- Congenital Anomalies of the Pericardium
- Acknowledgments
- Annotated References
- References
- 58 Aortopathies in Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Diagnostic Syndromes and Associated Aortopathy
- Aortic Surgery in Connective Tissue Diseases
- Summary
- References
- 59 Cardiologic Aspects of Systemic Disease
- Abstract
- Metabolic Disorders: Storage Diseases
- Endocrine Disorders
- Disorders of Energy Metabolism
- Disorders of Collagen Synthesis or Extracellular Matrix
- Neuromuscular Diseases
- Nutritional Deficiencies
- Deposition Diseases
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Heart Disease Induced by Toxins
- Miscellaneous Systemic Disorders
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 60 Systemic Hypertension
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Evaluation of Blood Pressure: Measurement, Normal Values, and Important Influences
- Hypertension
- Medical Therapy
- References
- Section 5 Heart Failure and Transplantation
- 61 Cardiomyopathies
- Abstract
- History of Classification of the Cardiomyopathies
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
- Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
- Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy
- Annotated References
- References
- 62 Cardio-oncology
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Development of Cancer Therapy–Related Cardiotoxicity
- Surveillance of Patients Through Therapy and Beyond
- Cardioprotection and Prevention
- Therapeutic Options for Patients With Cancer Treatment-Related Cardiotoxicity
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- Annotated References
- References
- 63 Myocarditis
- Abstract
- Myocarditis
- Infectious Myocarditis
- Viral Myocarditis
- Clinical Features
- Laboratory Findings
- Investigations
- Treatment
- Prognosis
- Differential Diagnosis
- Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Myocarditis
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Cardiac Manifestations
- Treatment
- Annotated References
- References
- 64 Acute Circulatory Failure
- Abstract
- Background
- Diagnosis of Acute Circulatory Failure
- Management of Acute Circulatory Failure
- Ventilation
- Cardiovascular Drugs
- Temporary Extracorporeal Life Support
- Annotated References
- References
- 65 Chronic Heart Failure
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Basic Concepts in Chronic Heart Failure
- Function of the Normal and the Failing Heart
- Cellular Physiology of the Cardiac Myocyte
- Other Organs and Mediators in Chronic Heart Failure
- Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure
- Outcome in Pediatric Heart Failure
- Annotated References
- References
- 66 Chronic Mechanical Circulatory Support
- Introduction
- Patient Selection
- Current Devices for Short-Term Mechanical Circulatory Support in Pediatrics
- Current Devices for Long-Term Mechanical Circulatory Support in Children
- Special Populations
- Perioperative Management
- Conclusion
- Annotated References
- References
- 67 Heart and Heart-Lung Transplantation
- Abstract
- Patterns of Referral and Demographics of Heart Transplantation During Childhood
- Outcomes
- Indications and Contraindications to Transplantation
- Special Considerations
- Management of the Donor and Recipient
- Posttransplant Education
- Immunosuppression
- Monitoring and Surveillance After Transplantation
- Transplantation of the Heart and Lungs
- Future Directions
- Annotated References
- References
- Section 6 Functionally Univentricular Heart
- 68 Introduction
- References
- 69 Anatomic Considerations in the Functionally Univentricular Heart
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Philosophical Considerations Relative to Nomenclature
- Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
- Pulmonary Atresia With Intact Ventricular Septum
- Atrioventricular Valvar Atresia
- Double-Inlet Ventricle
- Straddling Atrioventricular Valves
- Unbalanced Atrioventricular Septal Defect
- Complex Double-Outlet Ventricle
- Morphogenesis
- Annotated References
- References
- 70 Physiologic Principles to Maximize Outcome in Patients With a Functionally Univentricular Heart
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Guiding Principles of Staged Reconstruction
- Strategies and Physiologic Goals to Obtain the Optimal Outcome of Staged Reconstruction
- Physiology Immediately After Birth
- Clarifications and Proposed Changes to Terminology Used in the Neonate, Infant, and Child With a Functionally Univentricular Heart
- Physiologic Effects of Staged Reconstruction in the Patient With a Functionally Univentricular Heart Undergoing Superior Cavopulmonary Connection and Subsequent Fontan Procedure
- Annotated References
- References
- 71 Fontan Pathway From Birth Through Early Childhood
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Neonatal Stabilization, Surgical Strategies, and Postoperative Management
- Second-Stage Palliation: The Superior Cavopulmonary Connection
- Third-Stage Reconstruction: The Modified Fontan Procedure
- Outcomes Along the Fontan Pathway
- Future Considerations
- Closing Thoughts
- Annotated References
- References
- 72 Interstage Management
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Rationale and Metrics for Interstage Monitoring
- Inpatient Preparation for Interstage Management
- Outpatient Management
- Progression Through Stage II Palliation
- “Interstage II”—Beyond the Superior Cavopulmonary Connection
- References
- 73 Longer-Term Outcomes and Management for Patients With a Functionally Univentricular Heart
- Abstract
- Evolution of the Fontan Procedure
- Late Outcome With a Fontan Circulation
- Late Predictors
- Consequences of the Fontan Circulation
- Impaired Exercise Capacity (see also Chapter 23)
- Arrhythmia (see also Chapter 22)
- Summary
- Hematologic and Immunologic Complications
- Fontan-Associated Liver Disease
- Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Function
- Management of the “Well” Fontan
- Cardiac Catheterization and Transcatheter Intervention
- Management of Fontan Failure
- Future Directions
- Annotated References
- References
- Section 7 Beyond the Heart
- 74 Systemic Circulation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Systemic Arterial System
- Modeling of the Systemic Circulation
- Measurement of Arterial Function
- Systemic Arterial Dysfunction in Childhood
- Ventriculoarterial Interaction
- The Future
- Annonated References
- References
- 75 Pulmonary Hypertension
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension
- Associated Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertensive Diseases
- Diagnosis of Pulmonary Hypertension
- Medical Therapy
- Interventional and Surgical Therapies
- Outlook for the Future
- Annotated References
- References
- 76 Neurodevelopmental and Psychosocial Outcomes in Children and Young Adults With Complex Congenital Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Neurodevelopmental and Psychosocial Phenotype in Complex Congenital Heart Disease Survivors
- Mechanisms of Injury
- Newborn Manifestations of Congenital Brain Disease
- Genetic Susceptibility to Neurologic Injury and Developmental Disability
- Impact of Cardiac Diagnosis on Neurodevelopmental Outcome
- Effect of Cardiac Surgery on the Brain
- Postoperative Factors
- Effects of Anesthesia, Narcotics, and Benzodiazepines
- Developmental Care in the Intensive Care Unit
- Early Intervention
- Strategies for the Evaluation and Management of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease
- Health-Related Quality of Life
- Emerging Data on the Association of Neurodevelopmental and Psychosocial Outcome and Quality of Life
- Longer-Term Effects of the Initial Intensive Care Unit Stay and Living With Chronic Cardiac Disease on the Patient and Family
- Summary and Future Directions
- References
- 77 Congenital Cardiac Disease in the Setting of Genetic Syndromes
- Abstract
- Chromosomal Anomalies
- Microchromosomal Anomalies
- Monogenic Syndromes
- Heterotaxy
- Annotated References
- References
- 78 Acute and Chronic Renal Consequences of Cardiac Disease in Children
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Classification of the Cardiorenal Syndromes
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 79 Pharmacogenetics in the Treatment of Congenital and Acquired Cardiac Disease During Childhood
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Terms
- Dose-Exposure-Response Relationship
- Drug Biotransformation
- Drug Transport
- Practical Applications
- Future Directions
- Conclusion
- Annotated References
- References
- 80 Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Disease
- Abstract
- Impact of Pregnancy on the Cardiovascular System
- Impact of Pregnancy on Common Cardiac Diagnostic Tests
- Preconception Counseling and Contraception
- General Approach to Risk Assessment
- Specific Cardiac Lesions
- Peripartal Management
- Cardiac Medications
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Interventions During Pregnancy
- Annotated References
- References
- 81 Preparing the Young Adult With Complex Congenital Cardiac Disease to Transfer From Pediatric to Adult Care
- Abstract
- Transfer From Pediatric to Adult Care
- Transition
- Training of Practitioners to Provide Services for Transition
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 82 Psychological and Social Aspects of Pediatric Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The Child
- The Family
- Social Issues
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 83 Ethical Issues in Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Language of Palliative Care
- Ethics of Genetic Testing and Unique Features of Congenital Heart Disease
- Fetal Interventions
- Approach to Complex Cardiac Disease in the Setting of Severe Genetic Condition
- Cultural and Moral Diversity
- Shared Decision-Making and Decisional Authority
- Bioethics Consultation and Pediatric Palliative Care
- Permissibility of Withdrawal or Discontinuation of Devices
- Moral Distress and Moral Resilience
- Ethical Issues in Cardiac Transplantation
- Social Justice Considerations in Pediatric Cardiology
- Conclusion
- Annotated References
- References
- 84 Clinical Care Pathways Supporting the Care of Children and Young People With Congenital Heart Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Defining a Care Pathway
- Development and Implementation
- Safety, Quality, and Effectiveness
- Barriers and Challenges
- Congenital Heart Disease
- The Future
- Annotated References
- References
- 85 Discharge Planning, Communications With the Team Providing Care in the Ambulatory Setting and the “Medical Home”
- Abstract
- Communication Is Key for Patient Care Transitions
- Consequences of Disconnection: Confidence and Credibility
- Cardiologist as a Resource of the Community and an Advocate for the Patient and Their Families
- Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- 86 Growth and Nutrition
- Abstract
- Malnutrition
- Annotated References
- References
- 87 Quality Improvement in Congenital Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Model for Improvement
- Quality Improvement and Variation
- Defining Outcomes in Congenital Cardiac Care: Targets for Improvement
- Data Sources in Congenital Cardiac Care
- Data Registries in Congenital Cardiac Care
- Improving Outcomes in Congenital Heart Care
- Role of Transparency in Improving Outcomes
- Summary and Conclusions
- Annotated References
- References
- 88 Global Burden of Pediatric Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiac Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
- Abstract
- Global Burden of Pediatric Heart Disease
- Pediatric Cardiac Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 89 Screening in Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Fetal Echocardiographic Screening (see also Chapters 7 and 8)
- Pulse Oximetry Screening
- Screening and Sudden Cardiac Death
- Screening First-Degree Relatives After Sudden Cardiac Death in the Young
- Screening for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
- Familial Screening (General)
- Neurodevelopmental Screening
- Annotated References
- References
- 90 Anesthetic Considerations for Cardiac and Noncardiac Surgery in the Child With Congenital Cardiac Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Preoperative Assessment
- Preparation and Preprocedural Sedation
- Anesthetic Management
- Monitoring and Vascular Access
- Fast-Tracking and Transition to Postoperative Care
- Anesthesia and Sedation for Diagnostic and Interventional Catheterization
- Anesthesia in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease for Noncardiac Surgery
- Effects of Anesthetic Exposure on Brain Development
- Summary
- Annotated References
- References
- 91 Telemedicine in Pediatric Cardiology
- Abstract
- Echocardiography
- Fetal Telemedicine
- Intensive Care Unit/Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
- Outpatient Telecardiology
- Direct to Consumer Telemedicine
- Electrophysiology
- Patient Care Conferences/Second Opinions
- Remote Monitoring
- Global Telemedicine
- Cloud Computing
- Reimbursement, Licensing, Credentialing, and Regulatory Issues in the United States
- Annotated References
- References
- Index
- Edition: 4
- Published: April 29, 2019
- Imprint: Elsevier
- No. of pages: 1650
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780702076084
RA
Robert H. Anderson
Affiliations and expertise
Professor Institute of Genetic Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United KingdomGW
Gil Wernovsky
Cardiac Critical Care Specialist, Children's National Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, Washington DC, United States.
Affiliations and expertise
Senior Consultant in Cardiac Critical Care and Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s National Hospital, Professor of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesKK
Kumar Krishna
Affiliations and expertise
Professor and Head
Pediatric Cardiology
Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
Cochin, Kerala, IndiaAR
Andrew Redington
Affiliations and expertise
Chief of Cardiology
Heart Institute
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, OhioJT
James S. Tweddell
Affiliations and expertise
Chair of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Department of Surgery
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center;
Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics
University of Cincinnati
Cincinnati, OhioJT
Justin Tretter
Affiliations and expertise
Director. Congenital Advanced Cardiac Imaging, Director of Cardiac Morphology, Co-Director. Valvar Procedural Planning Center
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic