Analysis of Marine Samples in Search of Bioactive Compounds

1st Edition, Volume 65 - August 26, 2014
Editors: Teresa Rocha-Santos, Armando C. Duarte
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 3 5 9 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 3 8 1 - 1

Seas and oceans offer a wide range of temperature, pressure, light and chemical conditions thus allowing a wide diversity of marine organisms from shallow coastal waters to the de… Read more

Analysis of Marine Samples in Search of Bioactive Compounds

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Seas and oceans offer a wide range of temperature, pressure, light and chemical conditions thus allowing a wide diversity of marine organisms from shallow coastal waters to the deep ocean. These resources can be used to obtain new products and develop services, and in turn help to provide solutions to the challenges that affect our planet, including offering a sustainable supply of food and energy, new industrial materials and processes, new bioactive compounds, and new health treatments. Marine compounds have been identified as having antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities. The major sources of these bioactive compounds are marine sponges, coelenterates, and microorganisms, followed by algae, echinoderms, tunicates, molluscs, and bryozoans.

The discovery of bioactive compounds from marine samples is a hot topic considering the current need for sustainable use of marine resources. This book is a comprehensive overview of the analytical techniques employed in the discovery and characterization of bioactive compounds isolated from (all possible) marine samples and gives future perspectives of analytical methodologies. This overview includes an assessment of the sampling and preparation of extracts, the separation and isolation of bioactive compounds, their structural characterization and the application of bioassays in the discovery of bioactive compounds.

Contributors to Volume 65
Series Editor's Preface
Preface
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Marine Samples
- Abstract
- 1.1. Importance of bioactive compounds
- 1.2. Sources of bioactive compounds
- 1.3. Classes of bioactive compounds
- 1.4. General approaches for screening bioactive compounds
Chapter 2: Prospection, Collection, and Preservation of Marine Samples
- Abstract
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Bioprospecting in extreme environments
- 2.3. Collection of marine samples
- 2.4. Sustainable production of bioactive compounds
- 2.5. Preservation of marine samples
- 2.6. Final considerations
- Acknowledgements
Chapter 3: Classical Methodologies for Preparation of Extracts and Fractions
- Abstract
- 3.1. Sample preparation of bioactive compounds from the marine environment
- 3.2. Final considerations
Chapter 4: Green Analytical Methodologies for Preparation of Extracts and Analysis of Bioactive Compounds
- Abstract
- 4.1. Green extraction techniques to obtain bioactive compounds
- 4.2. Direct analysis of untreated samples to obtain bioactive compounds
Chapter 5: Bioassays for Bioactivity Screening
- Abstract
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Screening models
- 5.3. Toxicity evaluation
- 5.4. Use of animals
- 5.5. Clinical trials
- 5.6. Conclusions and future perspectives
- Acknowledgements
Chapter 6: Vibrational Spectroscopy for Structural Characterization of Bioactive Compounds
- Abstract
- 6.1. Vibrational spectroscopy
- 6.2. Introduction to infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy
- 6.3. Selection rules in vibrational spectroscopy
- 6.4. Structure characterization by vibrational spectroscopy
- 6.5. Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
Chapter 7: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Structural Characterization of Bioactive Compounds
- Abstract
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Proton resonances assignment
- 7.3. Establishment of carbon skeleton
- 7.4. Stereochemistry
- 7.5. Hyphenated NMR techniques
- 7.6. Quantitative NMR
- 7.7. Combined NMR techniques and different families of compounds
- 7.8. Revised structures
- Acknowledgements
Chapter 8: Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Bioactive Compounds
- Abstract
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Mass spectrometry (MS)
- 8.3. Tandem mass spectrometry (MSⁿ)
- 8.4. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS)
- 8.5. Application of MS
- 8.6. Peptides
- 8.7. Alkaloids
- 8.8. Lipids
- 8.9. Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
Chapter 9: Chromatography Coupled to Various Detectors as a Tool for Separation and Determination of Bioactive Compounds
- Abstract
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. One-Dimensional chromatography for bioactive compound analysis
- 9.3. Multidimensional chromatography for bioactive compounds discovery
- 9.4. Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 10: Online Combination of Bioassays with Chemical and Structural Characterization for Detection of Bioactive Compounds
- Abstract
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. High-throughput screening methods
- 10.3. High-resolution-based screening methods
- 10.4. Conclusions and perspectives
- Acknowledgments
Index

Teresa Rocha-Santos

Teresa Rocha-Santos has graduated in Analytical Chemistry (1996), obtained a PhD in Chemistry (2000) and an Aggregation in Chemistry (2018), both at the University of Aveiro, Portugal. Presently, she is a Principal Researcher at Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry of University of Aveiro (since 2014) and Vice-coordinator of CESAM research centre (from 2021). Her research concentrates on the development of new analytical methodologies fit for purpose and on the study of emerging contaminants (such as microplastics) fate and behaviour in the environment and during wastewater treatment. She published 170 scientific papers (Oct 2021) and has an h-index of 43 (Oct 2021). She is the editor of 7 Books. She is a member of the editorial board of Current Opinion in Environmental Science and Health, Elsevier (since 2017), Data in brief, Elsevier (since 2018), Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier (since 2018), Sensors, MDPI (since 2018), Molecules, MDPI (since 2018), Associate Editor of Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration, Springer (since 2016), and Associate Editor of Journal of Hazardous Materials (since 2019) and Co-Editor in Chief of Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances (since 2021).

Affiliations and expertise

Principal Researcher with Aggregation, University of Aveiro, Portugal

Armando C. Duarte

Prof. Armando C. Duarte (http://www.cesam.ua.pt/aduarte) graduated in Chemical Engineering (1977) at the University of Oporto (Portugal) and obtained a PhD in Public Health Engineering (1981) at the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (United Kingdom). In 2006, The Portuguese Science Foundation (www.fct.pt) awarded him a prize for Scientific Excellence and in 2013 he became a Member of the FCT Scientific Council for Natural and Environmental Sciences. He is a Professor of Environmental & Analytical Chemistry at the University of Aveiro (Portugal) since 1995, leader of a research group on the same subject, lecturer on Anaytical Quality Control subjects, and either supervising or co-supervising many PhD students, some of whom became members of staff, both as lecturers and researchers. His highly-interdisciplinary research spans areas of comprehensive environmental and analytical chemistry, qualimetrics and analytical quality assurance, but also includes the assessment of the relevance of new concepts and integration of different ideas into widely accepted frameworks, especially when applied to sustainability. He co-authored more than 450 peer-reviewed publications leading to an h-factor of 38.

Affiliations and expertise

University of Aveiro, Portugal

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

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