Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying

Contents

List of Contributors

Preface

Contents of Other Volumes

Part IV. Analysis of Pollutants

16. Air Sampling and Quantity Measurement

I. General Sampling Considerations

II. Sampling Aerosol Contaminants

III. Sampling Gaseous Contaminants

IV. Simplified Techniques

V. Recording Instrumentation

References

17. Analysis of Inorganic Gaseous Pollutants

I. Introduction

II. Sulfur Dioxide

III. Sulfuric Acid Mist

IV. Hydrogen Sulfide—Methylene Blue Method

V. Nitrogen Dioxide and Nitric Oxide

VI. Ozone and Oxidants

VII. Volatile Fluorides and Hydrogen Fluoride

VIII. Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride

IX. Hydrogen Cyanide and Cyanides

X. Ammonia and Ammonium Compounds

XI. Carbon Monoxide

XII. Carbon Dioxide

XIII. Continuous Analysis

XIV. Conclusion

References

18. Analysis of Organic Gaseous Pollutants

I. Total Analysis for Organic Substances

II. Analysis of Hydrocarbons

III. Analysis of Aliphatic Oxygenated Compounds

IV. Analysis of Sulfur-Containing Compounds

V. Analysis of Halogenated Compounds

VI. Analysis of Aliphatic Nitrogen Compounds

References

19. Chemical Analysis of Inorganic Particulate Pollutants

I. Introduction

II. Dustfall and Sootfall

III. Airborne Particulates

IV. Conclusion

References

20. Chemical Analysis and Carcinogenic Bioassays of Organic Particulate Pollutants

I. Introduction

II. Fractionation

III. Neutral Fraction

IV. Acidic Fraction

V. Basic Fraction

VI. Bioassay

VII. Postscript

References

21. Analysis of Number and Size of Particulate Pollutants

I. Introduction

II. Principal Methods of Sample Collection for Determination of Number and Size of Particulate Pollutants

22. Morphological Analysis of Particulate Pollutants

I. Introduction

II. Collecting Particles

III. Mounting Particles for Microscopical Examination

IV. Morphological Analysis

V. Identification of Particles

VI. Discussion of Color Plates

References

Part V. Air Quality and Meteorological Monitoring

23. Odor and Its Measurement

I. Introduction

II. Classification of Odor Measurement Problems

III. Methods of Describing Odor

IV. Units of Measurement—The Odor Unit

V. Techniques of Odor Measurement by Dilution

VI. Ambient Odors

VII. Examples of Application of Odor Measurement Results

VIII. Odor Threshold Data

References

24. Meteorological Measurements

I. Introduction

II. Primary Meteorological Measurements

III. Secondary Meteorological Measurements

IV. Instrument Siting, Mounting, and Protection .

V. Processing of Meteorological Measurements

VI. Quality Control of Meteorological Measurements

VII. Instrument Requirements

References

III . Techniques of Counting

IV. Particle Size Analysis

References

25. Monitoring Airborne Radioactivity

I. Distinctive Features of Radioactive Materials from the Standpoint of Air Sampling

II. Purposes of Air Monitoring

III. Radioactive Particulate Sampling and Quantitation

IV. Radioactive Gas Sampling and Quantitation

V. Survey Techniques

VI. Particle Size Analysis

VII. Standards

VIII. Measurement of Radioactivity as an Aid in Air Pollution Studies

References

26. Air Quality Monitoring

I. Introduction

II. Basic Considerations

III. System Design

IV. System Operation

V. Data Processing

VI. Data Interpretation and Evaluation

References

27. Production of Controlled Test Atmospheres

I. Introduction

II. System Types

III. Introduction of Gases and Vapors

IV. Introduction of Aerosols

V. Complex Systems

References

Part VI. Source Measurement and Community Survey

28. Source Testing

I. Introduction

II. Source Testing Procedures

III. Tracer Techniques

References

29. Source Monitoring

I. Source Monitoring

II. Field Monitoring

III. Stack Effluent Monitoring

IV. Monitoring Fuels and Process

V. Records and Reports

VI. Summary

References

30. Source Inspection, Registration, and Approval

I. Purpose of Source Inspection, Registration, and Approval

II. Source Inspection

III. Field Procedures for Source Inspection

IV. Source Inspection by Owner's Employees or Consultant

V. Source Registration

VI. Source Approval

References

31. The Community Air Pollution Survey

I. Scope and Objectives of Air Pollution Surveys

II. Survey Types

III. The Community Air Pollution Survey

IV. Air Resources Management Plan

V. Summary

References

Author Index

Subject Index