An Introduction to Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Metals

1st Edition - July 28, 2021
Authors: Zbigniew H. Stachurski, Gang Wang
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 4 1 8 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 4 1 9 - 5

An Introduction to Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Metals gives a background on the physics of materials, describing relevant experimental techniques. The book presents the neces… Read more

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An Introduction to Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Metals gives a background on the physics of materials, describing relevant experimental techniques. The book presents the necessary background in physics, thermodynamics, and the mechanics of solids, before moving on to cover elasticity, plasticity, fracture and the anelastic behavior of metallic glasses, relating these properties to chemical composition, atomic arrangement, microstructure, and methods of preparation. In addition, it compares the structure-property relationships specific to metallic glasses with polycrystalline metals and alloys and describes the properties and characteristics of metallic glasses. The general features and behavior of metallic glasses are also analyzed and summarized.

The book includes full derivations of theory and equations and presents a compendium of experimental methods used in materials science to characterize and study metallic glasses and amorphous solids. The title is a comprehensive resource for any researcher interested in the materials science of metallic glasses and amorphous materials.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Chapter 1: Introduction
Abstract
References
Chapter 2: Making of metallic glasses and applications
Abstract
Subchapter 2.1. Applications of metallic glasses
Subchapter 2.2. Making metallic glasses
Chapter 3: Solidification
Abstract
Subchapter 3.1. Solidification by crystallization
Subchapter 3.2. Solidification of glass
Chapter 4: Characterization of metallic glasses
Abstract
Subchapter 4.1. Glass transition theories
Subchapter 4.2. Mechanical testing
Chapter 5: Models of structure
Abstract
Atomic arrangements in solids
Atoms and their properties
Models of atomic packing in crystals
Models of atomic packing in metallic glasses
Models of micro-structure in metals
References
Chapter 6: Magnetic properties of amorphous metallic alloys
Abstract
Section 1. The history of magnetism
Atomic-scale magnetism
Magnetism of one electron
Magnetism of one atom
Macroscopic-scale magnetism
Diamagnetism and paramagnetism
Ferromagnetism
Section 2. Applications of amorphous alloys
Fabrication techniques
Enhancement of soft magnetic properties
Applications of commercialized Fe-based BMGs
Magnetic behavior of Nd-based amorphous hard magnets
Enhancing the magnetic property by alloying elements
Magneto-caloric bulk amorphous alloys
A brief history of the magneto-caloric effect
Characterization of magneto-caloric materials
Magneto-caloric bulk metallic glasses
Section 3. Outlook of magnetic amorphous alloys
References
Chapter 7: Elasticity of metallic gasses
Abstract
Continuum mechanics
Affine and non-affine deformation
Deformation in bulk metallic glass
Elastic modulus by the X-ray method
Deformation in Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 metallic glass
Deformation in Zr46.5Cu45Al7Ti1.5 metallic glass
Deformation in Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 metallic glass under cooling
Deformation in thin film metallic glass
Structural evolution in Zr50Cu50 metallic glass during compression
Structural evolution in Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10 during heating
Changes in atomic structure revealed by radial distribution
References
Chapter 8: Introduction to anelastic deformation
Abstract
Creep
Stress relaxation
Mechanical relaxation and dynamic loss modulus
Time and temperature dependent behavior
Creep of aluminium-based metallic glass
Creep of Zr-based metallic glass
Dynamic relaxation in Fe63Al27 metallic glass
Free-volume anelastic deformation of metallic glasses
The β relaxation in La–Ni–Al metallic glass
Definitions of shear viscosity
References
Chapter 9: Plastic deformation and yield strength of metals
Abstract
Time–temperature deformation maps
Plasticity in metallic glasses
Plastic flow in MGs
Serrated flow at macroscopic level
Serrated flow at microscopic level
Summary and outlook
References
Chapter 10: Fracture mechanics of metallic glasses
Abstract
Fracture strength of an uncracked material
Shear fracture – Coulomb–Mohr theory
Tensile fracture – Griffith's fracture criterion
Calculation of elastic strain energy
Calculation of crack surface energy
Solution for fracture stress
Fracture toughness
Limits of applicability of Eq. (10.24)
Irwin fracture criterion
Fatigue and fracture of metallic glasses
Dependence of strength on sample size
Instability and morphology of fracture
References
Appendix A: Thermodynamics of a system
Molecular system
Enthalpy
Entropy
Forces between atoms, molecules, and particles
Types of physical forces
Interatomic forces
Lennard-Jones interatomic potential
Buckingham potential
Morse potential
Many-atom potential
Stillinger–Weber potential
Embedded atom model potential
Gibbs free energy
Liquid-to-solid phase transformation
Computation of cluster potential
References
Index

Zbigniew H. Stachurski

Professor Zbigniew H. Stachurski is an Adjunct Professor and Honorary Research Fellow at the Research School of Engineering, in the College of Engineering and Computer Science at the Australian National University (ANU). He holds a PhD from Bristol University in the UK, and has held academic positions at Monash University as well as ANU. He has published over 100 papers in the field, and two books.

Affiliations and expertise

Adjunct Professor and Honorary Research Fellow, Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University (ANU), Australia

Gang Wang

Dr. Gang Wang is full professor and Chair of Soil and Water Ecosystems Biophysics research group (SWEB) at China Agricultural University (CAU), and serves as the Dean of Department of Soil and Water Sciences at CAU, vice Chair of the Young Faculty Association of CAU, and associate Dean of ‘National Black Soil and Agriculture Research’, vice Chair of Soil Physics Division of Soil Science Society of China, Council Member of Soil Science Society of China, executive Editor of several scientific journals. Dr. Wang received his bachelor (2002) and master (2005) degrees in Chemistry from the University of Science and Technology of China, and PhD (2012) in Soil Biophysics at ETH Zurich, and then a post-doc research until the end of 2013. Dr. Wang started his independent research in Soil and Water Environmental Biophysics at CAU since 2014, and was approved as a full professor in 2016 (awarded CAU’s outstanding professor since 2019). Dr. Wang is currently supervising two Post-docs, seven doctoral students and six master students at CAU. The research interests of Wang’s group focus at the causes and consequences of microbial diversity; multi-scales interactions of microbes with environments, and links with soil and water source quality controls; mass flow dynamics and transport in the earth critical zone, and on interfaces between various spatial scales of physicochemical processes and biological activity in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and impacts on ecological and agro-ecological processes and functions. Dr. Wang authored and co-authored over 40 refereed publications and over 40 invited presentations. Dr. Wang received research supports mainly from NSFC, USDA, National Key R&D Program of China, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor and Chair of Soil and Water Ecosystems Biophysics research group (SWEB), China Agricultural University (CAU), China

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