Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery

17th Edition - July 1, 2022
Imprint: Elsevier
Author: Jane C. Rothrock
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 7 6 8 0 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 2 7 2 5 - 6

**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Perioperative**Gain the knowledge and skills you need to provide safe, effective perioperative nursing care! Alexander’s Care of the… Read more

Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery

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**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Perioperative**

Gain the knowledge and skills you need to provide safe, effective perioperative nursing care! Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, 17th Edition is the definitive resource for nurses and surgical technologists training for a career in the operating room. Illustrated, step-by-step instructions cover patient care in more than 400 surgical interventions, including patient positioning, instrumentation, and postoperative care. Along with the latest on robotic surgery and a review of evidence-based guidelines, this edition includes new coverage of COVID-19 and gender affirmation surgery. From well-known educator Jane C. Rothrock — and with every chapter authored by an expert nurse — Alexander’s gives you the tools you need to pass the CNOR© certification exam and succeed in the surgical setting.

Comprehensive coverage includes basic perioperative nursing principles, such as patient and environmental safety, infection prevention, patient positioning, anesthesia and pain management, and the unique needs of special populations such as pediatric and geriatric patients.
Coverage of more than 400 general and specialty surgical interventions includes minimally invasive and robotic-assisted surgical procedures, whether performed in a hospital, ambulatory surgery setting, or in a doctor's office.
Perioperative nursing considerations are presented within the nursing process framework and include assessment, nursing diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation, evaluation, discharge planning, and patient and family education.
More than 1,000 full-color photos and illustrations show surgical anatomy, procedures, methods, and equipment.
Sample plans of care include nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions.
Research Highlight and Evidence for Practice boxes discuss recommendations for applying current scientific research to patient care.
Robotic-Assisted Surgery boxes highlight a rapidly expanding surgical modality.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery boxes promote protocols to improve outcomes, reduce the length of stay, and reduce the patient’s cost of care.
Patient Engagement Exemplar boxes optimize surgical outcomes by addressing AORN guidelines on the issues of patient care and involvement of the patient’s family.
Patient Safety boxes highlight practices and initiatives for patient safety in the surgical setting.
Patient, Family, and Caregiver Education boxes include specific guidelines for preprocedural and/or postprocedural care, potential complications, home care, discharge instructions, and psychosocial care.
Ambulatory Surgery Considerations boxes highlight patient selection criteria, special anesthesia considerations, and patient assessment implications for outpatient surgical procedures.
Surgical Pharmacology tables summarize the drugs most commonly used for each surgical specialty, including generic and trade names, indications, and pharmacokinetics.
Critical Thinking questions at the end of each chapter let you assess your understanding of important material.
Exam-style practice questions on the Evolve website include answers and rationales.
References to AORN Guidelines and toolkits are discussed as relevant to the topic.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Evolve Student Resources
Copyright
Contributors
Clinical Consultants
Reviewers
About the Author
Preface
Unit I: Foundations for Practice
Chapter 1. Concepts Basic to Perioperative Nursing
Overview of Perioperative Nursing Practice
Standards of Perioperative Nursing Practice
Evidence-Based Practice
Performance Improvement
Perioperative Nursing Roles
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 2. Patient Safety and Risk Management
Evolution of Perioperative Patient Safety
Major Professional Association and Government Regulatory Safety Activities
Nonprovider Members of the Perioperative Patient Safety Team
Perioperative Nursing Safety Issues
Risk Management
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 3. Workplace Issues and Staff Safety
Safe Patient Handling and Movement
Slips, Trips, and Falls
Sharps Safety and Bloodborne Pathogens
Transmission-Based Precautions
Responding to Exposure
Environment of Care Safety
Medication Safety
Radiation Safety
Surgical Smoke Safety
Fatigue and Burnout
Workplace Violence
Incivility/Bullying
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 4. Infection Prevention and Control
Causes of Infection
Infection Prevention in the Perioperative Setting
Aseptic Practices to Prevent Infection
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 5. Anesthesia
Anesthesia Providers
Patient Safety
Awareness During Anesthesia
Distractions in the OR
Preoperative Preparation
Types of Anesthesia Care
Perioperative Monitoring
Anesthesia Machines and Anesthetic Gases
General Anesthesia
Regional Anesthesia
Monitored Anesthesia Care
Moderate Sedation/Analgesia
Local Anesthesia
Pain Management
Fluid Management
Temperature Control
Malignant Hyperthermia
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Key Points
References
Chapter 6. Positioning the Patient for Surgery
Anatomic and Physiologic Considerations
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Operating Room Beds and Accessories
Standard Surgical Positions
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 7. Sutures, Sharps, and Instruments
Suture
Sharps
Instruments
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 8. Surgical Modalities
Minimally Invasive Surgery Overview
Video Technology
Practices and Potential Risks During Minimally Invasive Surgery
Energies Used During Surgery
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 9. Wound Healing, Dressings, and Drains
Anatomy
Etiology of Wounds
Types of Wound Closure
Phases of Wound Healing
Factors Affecting Wound Healing
Wound Classification
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
Patient, Family, and Caregiver Education and Discharge Planning
Wound Management
Dressings
Drains
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 10. Postoperative Patient Care and Pain Management
Perianesthesia Considerations
Perianesthesia Complications
Discharge from the Postanesthesia Care Unit
Admission to the Ambulatory Surgery Phase II Unit
Admission to the Surgical Unit
Postoperative Nursing Considerations
Patient, Family, and Caregiver Education and Discharge Planning
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Unit II: Surgical Interventions
Chapter 11. Gastrointestinal Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Minimally Invasive Surgery: Laparoscopy
Abdominal Access: Closed Technique
Abdominal Access: Cutdown or Hasson Technique
Abdominal Access: Direct Visual Entry
Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery
Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopy
Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Surgery of the Esophagus
Surgery of the Stomach
Bariatric Surgery
Surgery of the Small Bowel
Surgery of the Colon
Surgery of the Rectum
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 12. Surgery of the Biliary Tract, Pancreas, Liver, and Spleen
Surgical Anatomy
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Surgery of the Pancreas
Surgery of the Liver
Surgery of the Spleen
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 13. Hernia Repair
Surgical Anatomy
Femoral Hernias
Obturator Hernias
Ventral Hernias
Umbilical Hernias
Epigastric Hernias
Spigelian Hernias
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Surgery for Repair of Hernias of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Key Points
Critical Thinking Questions
References
Chapter 14. Gynecologic and Obstetric Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Pelvic Cavity
Bony Pelvis
Pelvic Floor
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Lasers in Gynecologic Surgery
Surgical Interventions
Gynecologic Surgery Using Vaginal Approach
Gynecologic Surgery Using Minimally Invasive Techniques
Gynecologic Surgery Using the Abdominal Approach
Surgery for Conditions Affecting Fertility
Obstetric Surgery
Abdominal Surgery During Pregnancy
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 15. Genitourinary Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Surgery of the Penis and the Urethra
Surgery of the Scrotum and Testicles
Surgery of the Prostate Gland
Surgery of the Bladder
Surgery of the Ureters and Kidneys
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 16. Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Parathyroid Gland
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Thyroidectomy
Substernal or Intrathoracic Thyroidectomy
Minimally Invasive Thyroidectomy
Thyroglossal Duct Cystectomy
Parathyroidectomy
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 17. Breast Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Benign Lesions of the Breast
Breast Cancer in Men
Breast Cancer in Women
Screening Technologies
Diagnostic Techniques
Surgical Treatment Considerations
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Incision and Drainage for Abscess
Breast-Conserving Surgery
Lymph Node Biopsy
Axillary Lymph Node Dissection
Subcutaneous Mastectomy
Simple Mastectomy
Modified Radical Mastectomy
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 18. Ophthalmic Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Structures of the Eye
Refractive Apparatus
Refractive Errors
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Surgery of the Retina
Surgery for Patients With Glaucoma
Surgery of the Conjunctiva
Surgery of the Cornea
Surgery of the Lacrimal Gland and Apparatus
Surgery of the Eyelids
Surgery of the Globe and Orbit
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 19. Otorhinolaryngologic Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Nasal Anatomy
Throat Anatomy
Proximal Structures
Diagnostic Studies
Imaging
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Rhinologic (Nasal) Procedures
Oral Cavity/Pharyngeal/Laryngeal/Neck Procedures
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 20. Orthopedic Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Vertebrae
Shoulder and Upper Extremity
Wrist and Hand
Pelvis, Hip, and Femur
Knee, Tibia, and Fibula
Ankle and Foot
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Electrical Stimulation
Fractures and Dislocations
Surgery of the Shoulder
Surgery of the Humerus, Radius, and Ulna
Surgery of the Hand
Surgery of the Hip and Lower Extremity
Surgery of the Lower Leg (Distal Femur, Tibia, and Fibula)
Surgery of the Ankle and Foot
Pelvic Fractures and Disruption
Total Joint Arthroplasty
Arthroscopy
Surgery of the Spine
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 21. Neurosurgery
Surgical Anatomy
Brain and Adjacent Structures
Spine, Spinal Cord, and Adjacent Structures
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Surgical Approaches to the Brain
Surgery of the Brain and Cranium
Surgery of the Spine
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 22. Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
Aesthetic Surgery
Key Points
Critical Thinking Questions
References
Chapter 23. Thoracic Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Endoscopy (Diagnostic or Therapeutic)
Lung Surgery
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 24. Vascular Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Arterial Disease
Venous Disease
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Venous Surgical Interventions
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Unit III: Special Considerations
Chapter 25. Cardiac Surgery
Surgical Anatomy
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Extracorporeal Circulation Procedures
Pericardiectomy
Surgery for Coronary Artery Disease
Surgery for Heart Failure
Surgery for the Mitral Valve
Surgery for the Tricuspid Valve
Surgery for the Pulmonary Valve
Surgery for the Aortic Valve
Surgery for the Thoracic Aorta
Assisted Mechanical Circulation
Heart and Heart-Lung Transplantation
Surgery for Conduction Disturbances
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 26. Pediatric Surgery
Pediatric Surgical Anatomy
Cardiovascular Status
Temperature Regulation
Metabolism
Fluid Management
Psychologic Development
Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Youth
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Surgical Interventions
Vascular Access
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Fetal Surgery
Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents
General Surgery: Gastrointestinal Procedures
General Surgery: Hernias
General Surgery: Abdominal Procedures
General Surgery: Resection of Tumors
Genitourinary Surgery
Otorhinolaryngologic Procedures
Neurosurgical Procedures
Orthopedic Procedures
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgery
Trauma
Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 27. Geriatric Surgery
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
Common Surgical Interventions in Geriatric Patients
Thyroid Surgery
Abdominal Surgery
Hernia Surgery
Genitourinary Surgery
Ophthalmic Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery
Vascular and Cardiovascular Surgery
Additional Considerations
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Chapter 28. Trauma Surgery
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
References
Chapter 29. Integrative Health Practices
Integrative Health Practice Categories
Integrative Health Practice Therapies
Integrative Health Practices for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Integrative Health Practices and Perioperative Patient Care
Key Points
Critical Thinking Question
References
Appendix A. Laboratory Values
Illustration Credits
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Index
Special Features
Ambulatory Surgery Considerations
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Evidence for Practice
Patient Engagement Exemplar
Patient, Family, and Caregiver Education
Patient Safety
Research Highlight
Robotic-Assisted Surgery
Surgical Pharmacology

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