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Advances in Steroid Biochemistry and Pharmacology
- 1st Edition - June 28, 2014
- Editors: M. H. Briggs, G. A. Christie
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 0 2 3 2 - 7
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 5 7 5 - 4
Advances in Steroid Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Volume 4 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of steroid biochemistry and pharmacology. This book covers a… Read more
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Request a sales quoteAdvances in Steroid Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Volume 4 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of steroid biochemistry and pharmacology. This book covers a variety of topics, including cellular biochemistry, pituitary hormones, corticosteroids, and steroid hormones. Organized into seven chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the potential effects of steroids on cellular biochemistry. This text then examines the development of sleep-monitoring methods, together with methods of plasma sampling that enable very frequent specimen to be taken without disturbing the subject. Other chapters consider the usefulness of sleep-related growth hormone release in diagnosis in both children and adult. This book discusses as well the versatile effect of corticosteroids on the cellular components of the connective tissue. The final chapter deals with the functioning of the adrenal cortex and its control by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, histochemists, biologists, pharmacologists, clinicians, and experimental endocrinologists.
Contributors
Cellular Biochemical Assessment of Steroid Activity
I. Introduction: The Possible Cellular Biochemical Effects of Steroids
A. Direct Effect on Enzymes
B. Indirect Effect on Enzymes
C. The Role of Cellular (Multiphase) Biochemistry
II. Methods of Cellular Biochemistry
A. Methods of Preparing and Reacting the Specimen
B. Quantitation
C. Culture Methods
III. Cellular Biochemical Measurement of Direct Effects of Steroids
A. Types 1 and 2 NADPH Pathways in Sections
IV. Indirect Effects
A. Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. Effects on Mitochondria
C. Effect on Lysosomes
D. Effect on Plasma Membrane and Oedema
V. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Daily Rhythms of Steroid and Associated Pituitary Hormones in Man and Their Relationship to Sleep
I. Introduction
II. Sleep
A. Historical Introduction
B. Methods of Studying Sleep
C. The Measurement of Sleep
D. Physiological Basis of Sleep
III. Circadian Rhythm of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis
A. General Features of the Rhythm
B. Regulation of the Circadian Rhythm of the HPA Axis
C. Synchronizers of the HPA Circadian Rhythm
D. Alterations of the HPA Circadian Rhythm in Disease
IV. Secretion of Growth Hormone (GH)
A. Relation of GH Secretion to Sleep
B. Metabolic Correlates of Sleep-Associated GH Release
C. Effect of Steroids and Drugs on Nocturnal GH Release
D. Sleep-Related GH Release in Certain Pathological States
V. The Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) Axis
A. General Observations on Sleep Relationships of HPG Secretion
VI. Conclusion
References
Chemistry and Biological Activity of Vitamin D, its Metabolites and Analogs
I. Introduction
II. History of the Experiments Conducted on the Metabolism of Vitamin D3
A. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D3)
B. Biologically Active Metabolites more Polar than 25-OH-D3
C. Isolation and Identification of Plasma Metabolites
D. Role of Kidney in Vitamin D Metabolism
E. Isolation and Identification of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3)
F. Isolation and Identification of 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25-(OH)2D3)
G. Metabolism of 1,25-(OH)2D3
H. The Discrimination of Birds and New World Monkeys Between Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3
III. Feed-Back Regulation of 25-OH-D3 Metabolism to 1,25-(OH)2D3 or 24,25-(OH)2D3
A. Role of Dietary and Serum Calcium
B. Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin and Cyclic AMP
C. Role of Inorganic Phosphate
IV. Chemical Synthesis of Vitamin D3, Analogs and Metabolites
A. Complete Synthesis of Vitamin D3 and Previtamin D3
B. Synthesis of 25-OH-D3
C. Chemical Synthesis of 1α,25-(OH)2D3 and 1α-OH-D3
V. Biologically Active Analogs of Vitamin D
A. Metabolism and Biological Activity of Dihydrotachysterol
B. Isomers of Vitamin D3
C. Isotachysterol and Iso-Vitamin D3
D. Side-Chain Analogs of Vitamin D
VI. Tools for Isolation and Identification of Vitamin D Metabolites
A. Mass Spectrometry of Vitamin D and its Metabolites
B. Mass Spectrometry of Various Isomers of Vitamin D3
C. Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrophotometry for Vitamin D its Isomers
D. Gas-Liquid Chromatography for Vitamin D and Analogs
E. Chromatography of the Polar Metabolites of 25-OH-D3
F. The Use of NMR for Identifying Vitamin D Metabolites
VII. Discussion
Acknowledgement
References
Effects of Corticosteroids on Connective Tissue and Fibroblasts
I. Introduction
II. The Connective Tissue
A. Morphology of Fibroblasts
B. Collagen
C. Ground Substance
III. Experimental Techniques and Findings
A. Steroid Inhibition of Fibroblast Growth
B. Steroid Enhancement of Fibroblast Growth
C. Intracellular Localization of Steroid Hormones
D. Steroid Effects on Ground Substances and Collagen Synthesis
E. Steroid Effects on the Cell Cycle
F. Effects of Steroids on Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
G. Steroid Hormones and Cell Enzymes
IV. Conclusions
References
Interactions Between the Prostaglandins and Steroid Hormones
I. Introduction
II. Effect of Prostaglandins on Steroid Production
A. Effect of Prostaglandins on the Hypothalamus
B. Effect of Prostaglandins on the Anterior Pituitary
C. Effect of Prostaglandins on Steroid Biosynthesis
III. Effect of Prostaglandins on Steroid Action
IV. Effect of Prostaglandins on Steroid Metabolism
V. Effect of Steroids on Prostaglandin Dynamics
VI. Conclusions
References
Steroid Hormones and Breast Cancer
I. Introduction
II. The Examination of Human Breast Tumours in Tissue Culture
III. Ablation Procedures
A. Castration
B. Adrenalectomy
C. Chemical Inhibition of the Adrenal Cortex
D. Hypophysectomy
E. Chemical Hypophysectomy
IV. Prediction of Response to Endocrine Surgery
A. The Discriminant Factor
B. The Estimation of Hormone Binding Sites
V. Additive Therapy
A. Oestrogen Treatment
B. Androgen Therapy
C. Adrenal Corticosteroids
D. Progestogens
VI. Cancer of the Male Breast
VII. The Immunological Treatment of Breast Cancer
VIII. Conclusion
References
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone and the Control of Adrenal Corticosteroidogenesis
I. Introduction
II. ACTH Receptor
III. Cholesterol Metabolism in the Adrenal Cortex
IV. Adenosine 3′,5′-Cyclic Monophosphate (Cyclic AMP)
A. Haynes—Berthet Hypothesis
B. Adenyl Cyclase
C. Phosphodiesterase
D. Evidence for the Intermediary Role of Cyclic AMP
E. Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein and Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Phosphokinase
V. The Involvement of NADPH in ACTH Action
A. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
B. Exogenous NADPH
VI. The Regulation of Pregnenolone Synthesis
A. Koritz−Hall Hypothesis
B. Mitochondrial Permeability
VII. The Role of Protein and RNA Synthesis
A. Studies Involving Antibiotic Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
B. Protein Synthesis in the Absence of Antibiotics
C. RNA Synthesis
Acknowledgements
References
Note Added in Proof
Author Index
Subject Index
Cumulative Index of Titles
- No. of pages: 340
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: June 28, 2014
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Paperback ISBN: 9781483202327
- eBook ISBN: 9781483215754