Advances in Steam Turbines for Modern Power Plants

2nd Edition - July 15, 2022
Editor: Tadashi Tanuma
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 3 5 9 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 5 5 1 - 9

Advances in Steam Turbines for Modern Power Plants, second edition, provides a fully revised and updated comprehensive review of steam turbine design, optimization, analysis… Read more

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Advances in Steam Turbines for Modern Power Plants, second edition, provides a fully revised and updated comprehensive review of steam turbine design, optimization, analysis and measurement. Editor Tadashi Tanuma and his team of expert contributors from around the globe have updated each chapter to reflect the latest research and experiences in the field, to help progress thermal power generation to meet sustainability goals. This book presents modern technologies for the design and development of steam turbines that supply affordable, reliable and stable power with much lower CO2 emissions.

With the addition of two new chapters on ‘Steam turbine mechanical design and analysis for high temperature, large and rapid change of temperature conditions’ and ‘Steam valves with low pressure losses’ this edition will support students, researchers and professional engineers in designing and developing their own economical and environmentally concerned thermal power plants.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Part I: Steam Turbine Cycles and Cycle Design Optimization
1. Introduction to steam turbines for power plants
Abstract
1.1 Features of steam turbines
1.2 Roles of steam turbines in power generation
1.3 Technology trends of steam turbines
1.4 The aim of this book
References
2. Steam turbine cycles and cycle design optimization: the Rankine cycle, thermal power cycles, and integrated gasification-combined cycle power plants
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Basic cycles of steam turbine plants
2.3 Types of steam turbines
2.4 Various steam turbine cycles and technologies to improve thermal efficiency
2.5 Conclusion
References
3. Steam turbine cycles and cycle design optimization: advanced ultra-supercritical thermal power plants and nuclear power plants
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Advanced ultra-supercritical thermal power plants
3.3 Nuclear power plants
3.4 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
4. Steam turbine cycles and cycle design optimization: combined cycle power plants
Abstract
4.1 Definitions
4.2 Introduction to combined cycle power plants
4.3 Combined cycle thermodynamics
4.4 Markets served
4.5 Major plant systems overview
4.6 Combined cycles trends
4.7 Conclusion
References
5. Steam turbine life cycle cost evaluations and comparison with other power systems
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Cost estimation and comparison with other power systems
5.3 Technological learning
5.4 The modeling of technological learning
5.5 Conclusions
References
Part II: Steam Turbine Analysis, Measurement and Monitoring for Design Optimization
6. Design and analysis for aerodynamic efficiency enhancement of steam turbines
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Overview of losses in steam turbines
6.3 Overview of aerodynamic design of steam turbines
6.4 Design and analysis for aerodynamic efficiency enhancement
6.5 Future trends
6.6 Conclusions
References
7. Mechanical design and vibration analysis of steam turbine blades
Abstract
7.1 Categories of steam turbine blade vibration
7.2 Mechanical design of the blade
7.3 Measurement and guideline for blade vibration
Reference
8. Steam turbine rotor design and rotor dynamics analysis
Abstract
8.1 Categories of steam turbine rotor vibration
8.2 Mechanical design of steam turbine rotors
8.3 Measurement and guidelines for rotor vibration
References
9. Steam turbine design for load-following capability and highly efficient partial operation
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Solution for grid code requirement
9.3 Load-frequency control of thermal power plants
9.4 Current capacity of thermal power governor-free operation and load-frequency control
9.5 Over load valve
9.6 Requirement for the accuracy of simulation models
9.7 Conclusion
References
10. Analysis and design of wet-steam stages
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Basic theory and governing equations
10.3 Numerical methods
10.4 Measurement methods
10.5 Design considerations
Acknowledgments
Notation
References
11. Solid particle erosion analysis and protection design for steam turbines
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Susceptible area of erosion
11.3 Considerations on boiler design and plant design
11.4 Considerations on turbine design and operation mode
11.5 Result of erosion
11.6 Considerations of parameters on erosion and countermeasure
11.7 Conclusion
References
12. Steam turbine monitoring technology, validation, and verification tests for power plants
Abstract
12.1 Introduction to power plant testing and monitoring
12.2 Performance type testing
12.3 Steam turbine component-type testing
12.4 Steam turbine monitoring
12.5 Summary
12.6 Power plant testing—a look ahead
References
Part III: Development of Materials, Blades and Important Parts of Steam Turbines
13. Development in materials for ultra-supercritical and advanced ultra-supercritical steam turbines
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Efficiency improvement of ultra-supercritical and advanced ultra-supercritical turbines
13.3 Material development for ultra-supercritical steam turbines
13.4 Material development for advanced ultra-supercritical steam turbines
13.5 Conclusion
References
14. Development of last-stage long blades for steam turbines
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Design space for last-stage long blade development
14.3 Main features of modern last-stage blades
14.4 Design methodology for last-stage long blades
14.5 Model turbine tests and measurements
14.6 Conclusions
References
15. Sealing designs and analyses for steam turbines
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Steam leakages in steam turbines and sealing designs
15.3 Impact of steam leakages on steam turbine efficiencies
15.4 Labyrinth seals
15.5 Joint surface sealing
15.6 Analysis and experiment for sealing designs
15.7 Advanced sealing technologies
15.8 Conclusions
References
16. Advanced technologies for steam turbine bearings
Abstract
16.1 Geometry of oil-film bearing
16.2 Bearing design
16.3 Journal bearing testing
16.4 Thrust bearing testing
16.5 Bearing coating materials
16.6 Reduction of bearing power loss
16.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
17. Steam valves and turbine inlet flow path design
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Steam turbine valves
17.3 Steam turbine inlets
17.4 Conclusions
References
18. Advanced steam turbine technologies and countermeasures to neutralize the rapid load changes due to the increasing power plants using renewable energy
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 History of increasing the efficiency of coal-fired power generation to higher temperatures and pressure
18.3 Influence of the spread of renewable energy
18.4 Grid code
18.5 Primary response
18.6 Design and evaluation of low-pressure end blades
18.7 Fast start-up and thermal stress prediction
18.8 Measures to reduce thermal stress
18.9 Measures to decrease the minimum load
References
19. Manufacturing technologies for key steam turbine components
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Manufacturing documentation
19.3 Castings and forgings
19.4 Casings
19.5 Rotors
19.6 Blade manufacture
19.7 Inspection technologies
19.8 Conclusion
References
Part IV: Turbine Retrofitting and Advanced Applications in Power Generation
20. Steam turbine retrofitting for the life extension of power plants
Abstract
20.1 Comprehensive maintenance planning and new technologies for steam turbine retrofitting
20.2 Age deterioration and lifetime of the steam turbine
20.3 Outline of retrofitting for life extension
20.4 Technology for higher efficiency and other benefits
20.5 Summary
References
21. Steam turbine retrofits for power increase and efficiency enhancement
Abstract
21.1 Overview
21.2 Introduction
21.3 Improvement of plant performance
21.4 Key development processes
21.5 High-pressure and intermediate-pressure turbine retrofits
21.6 Low-pressure turbine retrofits
21.7 Summary
Nomenclature
References
22. Advanced geothermal steam turbines
Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Construction of modern geothermal steam turbines
22.3 Technologies to enhance reliability of geothermal steam turbines
22.4 Technologies to enhance performance of geothermal steam turbines
22.5 Operational experiences and lessons learned
22.6 Future view of geothermal power generation and challenges
References
23. Steam turbines for solar thermal and other renewable energies
Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Pilot plant of solar thermal and biomass binary generation system in Japan
23.3 The steam turbine for solar thermal technology
23.4 Steam turbine for organic Rankine cycle
23.5 Future applications
References
24. Advanced ultrasupercritical pressure steam turbines and their combination with carbon capture and storage systems
Abstract
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Advanced ultrasupercritical turbine
24.3 Carbon capture technology
24.4 Combination of advanced ultrasupercritical turbine and carbon capture and storage
24.5 Conclusions
References
25. Steam turbine roles and necessary technologies for stabilization of the electricity grid in the renewable energy era
Abstract
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Issue of the renewable energy era
25.3 Requirements of steam turbine power generation system
25.4 Innovation and future technologies
References
26. Conclusions
Abstract
26.1 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Index

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Advances in Steam Turbines for Modern Power Plants

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Tadashi Tanuma