Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 2: Natural Gas Sweetening

1st Edition - February 9, 2024
Editors: Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Mohammad Amin Makarem, Maryam Meshksar
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 9 2 1 7 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 9 2 1 8 - 0

Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 2: Natural Gas Sweetening comprises an extensive eight-volume series delving into the intricate realms of… Read more

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Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 2: Natural Gas Sweetening comprises an extensive eight-volume series delving into the intricate realms of both the theoretical fundamentals and practical methodologies associated with the various facets of natural gas. Encompassing the entire spectrum from exploration and extraction to synthesis, processing, purification, and the generation of valuable chemicals and energy, these volumes also navigate through the complexities of transportation, storage challenges, hydrate formation, extraction, and prevention.

In Volume 2 titled Natural Gas Sweetening, we delve into the intricacies of various natural gas sweetening methods. This book meticulously explores absorption techniques, employing a range of solvents like physical solvents, amine blends, encapsulated liquids, and more—a crucial aspect of the sweetening process. Additionally, it provides an insightful examination of natural gas sweetening through adsorption-based technologies, utilizing diverse materials such as zeolites, metal oxides, and silica-based sorbents. The volume further delves into membrane-based processes, featuring various types like ionic liquid and polymeric systems.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Preface
Reviewer acknowledgments
Section I. Natural gas sweetening concepts
1. Introduction to natural gas sweetening methods and technologies
1. Introduction
2. Sweetening techniques
3. Selection of the most suitable sweetening technique
4. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
2. Natural gas sweetening standards, policies, and regulations
1. Introduction
2. Environmental policies and regulations
3. Regulations for controlling emissions from equipment
4. Operational and design standards for various sweetening processes
5. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
3. Economic assessments and environmental challenges of natural gas sweetening technologies
1. Introduction
2. Methods of economic analysis
3. Techno-economic analysis of natural gas sweetening process
4. Environmental challenges
5. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
Section II. Absorption techniques for natural gas sweetening
4. Acid gases properties and characteristics in companion with natural gas
1. Introduction
2. Natural gas origins
3. Natural gas composition
4. Removing acid gases from natural gas
5. Definition of physical and chemical properties
6. Physical and chemical properties of CO2 and H2S
7. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
5. Application of amines for natural gas sweetening
1. Introduction
2. Amine-based techniques for acid gas removal
3. Amine-based absorption process
4. Current applications and cases
5. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
6. Physical and hybrid solvents for natural gas sweetening: Ethers, pyrrolidone, methanol and other sorbents
1. Introduction
2. Physical and hybrid sorbents for NG sweetening
3. Mechanism of solute take-up by physical and hybrid sorbents
4. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
7. Natural gas sweetening by solvents modified with nanoparticles
1. Introduction
2. NG sweetening techniques
3. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
8. Encapsulated liquid sorbents for sweetening of natural gas
1. Introduction
2. Encapsulated liquid sorbents
3. NG sweetening using encapsulated liquids
4. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
9. Cryogenic fractionation for natural gas sweetening
1. Introduction
2. Thermodynamic principles of CO2 and CH4 separation
3. Cryogenic processes for acid gas removal
4. Current applications and improvements
5. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
10. Absorption processes for CO2 removal from CO2-rich natural gas
1. Introduction
2. Amine absorption
3. CO2 removal flowsheet
4. CO2 absorption plant: Unit operations and parameters
5. Current applications and cases
6. Specific characterizations and properties of CO2 absorption
7. Novel methods and solvents
8. Scales up of the ionic liquid–based technologies
9. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
Section III. Adsorption techniques for natural gas sweetening
11. Swing technologies for natural gas sweetening: Pressure, temperature, vacuum, electric, and mixed swing processes
1. Introduction
2. Swing adsorption processes
3. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
12. Zeolite sorbents and nanosorbents for natural gas sweetening
1. Introduction
2. Natural gas purification techniques
3. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
13. Porous metal structures, metal oxides, and silica-based sorbents for natural gas sweetening
1. Introduction
2. Metal-based sorbents
3. Silica-based sorbents
4. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
14. Natural gas CO2-rich sweetening via adsorption processes
1. Introduction
2. Adsorption processes in natural gas sweetening
3. Adsorbent material selection
4. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
Section IV. Membrane technology for natural gas sweetening
15. Polymeric membranes for natural gas sweetening
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of polymeric membrane gas separation
3. Ideal membrane
4. Current application
5. Challenges
6. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
16. Natural gas sweetening by ionic liquid membranes
1. Introduction
2. Ionic liquid membranes
3. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
17. Application of electrochemical membranes for natural gas sweetening
1. Introduction
2. Removal of H2S through an electrochemical membrane separator
3. Removal of CO2 through an electrochemical membrane separator
4. Electrode preparation
5. Membrane preparation
6. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
18. Membrane technology for CO2 removal from CO2-rich natural gas
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of membrane gas separation for CO2 removal
3. Membrane processes for efficient CO2 removal
4. Current application and cases
5. Conclusion and future outlooks
Abbreviations and symbols
Index

Mohammad Reza Rahimpour

Prof. Mohammad Reza Rahimpour is a professor in Chemical Engineering at Shiraz University, Iran. He received his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from Shiraz University joint with University of Sydney, Australia 1988. He started his independent career as Assistant Professor in September 1998 at Shiraz University. Prof. M.R. Rahimpour, was a Research Associate at University of California, Davis from 2012 till 2017. During his stay in University of California, he developed different reaction networks and catalytic processes such as thermal and plasma reactors for upgrading of lignin bio-oil to biofuel with collaboration of UCDAVIS. He has been a Chair of Department of Chemical Engineering at Shiraz University from 2005 till 2009 and from 2015 till 2020. Prof. M.R. Rahimpour leads a research group in fuel processing technology focused on the catalytic conversion of fossil fuels such as natural gas, and renewable fuels such as bio-oils derived from lignin to valuable energy sources. He provides young distinguished scholars with perfect educational opportunities in both experimental methods and theoretical tools in developing countries to investigate in-depth research in the various field of chemical engineering including carbon capture, chemical looping, membrane separation, storage and utilization technologies, novel technologies for natural gas conversion and improving the energy efficiency in the production and use of natural gas industries.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Mohammad Amin Makarem

Dr. Mohammad Amin Makarem is a research associate at Shiraz University. His research interests are gas separation and purification, nanofluids, microfluidics, catalyst synthesis, reactor design and green energy. In gas separation, his focus is on experimental and theoretical investigation and optimization of pressure swing adsorption process, and in the gas purification field, he is working on novel technologies such as microchannels. Recently, he has investigated methods of synthesizing bio-template nanomaterials and catalysts. Besides, he has collaborated in writing and editing various books and book-chapters for famous publishers such as Elsevier, Springer and Wiley, as well as guest editing journals special issues.

Affiliations and expertise

Research Associate, Methanol Institute, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Maryam Meshksar

Maryam Meshksar is a research associate at Shiraz University. Her research has focused on gas separation, clean energy, and catalyst synthesis. In gas separation, she is working on membrane separation process, and in the clean energy field, she has worked on different reforming-based processes for syngas production from methane experimentally. She has also synthesized novel catalysts for these processes which are tested in for the first time. Besides, she has reviewed novel technologies like microchannels for energy production. Recently, she has written various book-chapters for famous publishers such as Elsevier, Springer, and Wiley.

Affiliations and expertise

Research Associate, Department of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran